[java] Printing reverse of any String without using any predefined function?

How to print the reverse of the String java is object orientated language without using any predefined function like reverse()?

This question is related to java string reverse

The answer is


public class StringReverse {
    public static void main(String ar[]){
        System.out.println(reverseMe("SRINIVAS"));
    }
    static String reverseMe(String s){
        StringBuffer sb=new StringBuffer();
        for(int i=s.length()-1;i>=0;--i){
            sb.append(s.charAt(i));
        }
        return sb.toString();
    }
}

import java.util.*;
public class Restring {

public static void main(String[] args) {
  String input,output;
  Scanner kbd=new Scanner(System.in);
  System.out.println("Please Enter a String");
  input=kbd.nextLine();
  int n=input.length();

  char tmp[]=new char[n];
  char nxt[]=new char[n];

  tmp=input.toCharArray();
  int m=0;
  for(int i=n-1;i>=0;i--)
  {
      nxt[m]=tmp[i];
      m++;
  }

  System.out.print("Reversed String is   ");
  for(int i=0;i<n;i++)
  {
      System.out.print(nxt[i]);
  }

}

String a="Siva";

for(int i=0;i<=a.length()-1;i++){
    System.out.print(a.charAt(i));
}

for(int i = a.length() - 1; i >= 0; --i){
    System.out.println(a.charAt(i)); 
}

private void rev() {
    String st="hello";
    String b="";

    for(int i=st.length()-1;i>=0;i--){
        b=b+st.charAt(i);
    }

    System.out.println("reverse:::"+b);
}

public String reverse(String arg)
{
    String tmp = null;
    if (arg.length() == 1)
    {
        return arg;
    }

    else
    {

        String lastChar = arg.substring(arg.length()-1,arg.length());

        String remainingString = arg.substring(0, arg.length() -1);

        tmp = lastChar + reverse(remainingString);
        return tmp;


    }
}

Code will be as below:

   public class A{
       public static void main(String args[]){

      String str="hello";
      for(int i=str.length()-1;i>=0;i--){
        String str1=str.charAt(i);
        system.out.print(str1);
      }

   }
}

You can simply try like this take a string iterate over it using for loop till second last character of string and then simply reverse your loop like following:

public class StringReverse {
    public static void main(String ar[]){
        System.out.println(reverseMe("iniana"));
    }
    static String reverseMe(String s){
       String reverse = "";
       for(int i = s.length()-1; i>=0; i--){
           resverse = reverse + s.charAt(i);
       }
       return reverse;
    }
}

import java.util.Scanner;
public class StringReverse {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //Read user Data From Console
        Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
        System.out.println("Enter Your String:");
        //Take an String so that it can Store the string data 
        String s1 = sc.nextLine();
        //split the string and keep in an array
        String[] s2 = s1.split(" ");
        String s3 = " ";
        //reverse  the string and placed in an String s3
        for (int i = 0; i < s2.length; i++) {
            for (int j= s2[i].length()-1;j>=0;j--) {
                s3 += s2[i].charAt(j);
            }//for
            s3 += " ";
        }//for

        System.out.println("After Reverse: "+s3);

    }//main
}//StringReverse

this is the best solution for this

public class String_rev {
public static void main(String[] args) {
    String str="Karan Rajput";
    int ln=str.length();
    for (int i = ln; i > 0; i--) {
        System.out.print(str.charAt(i-1));
    }
}

}


public class StringReverse {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        String s= (args[0]);
        for (int i =s.length()-1; i >= 0; i--) {            
               System.out.print(s.charAt(i));    
        }
    } 
}

Prints the reversed string of the input.


What is suprising is that most of the answers are wrong! When Unicode is used. Seems like no one understands that java uses UTF-16 under the hood for Text encoding.

Here is my simple answer.

static String reverseMe(String s) {
   StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();

   int count = s.codePointCount(0,s.length());
   for(int i = count - 1; i >= 0; --i)
     sb.append(Character.toChars(s.codePointAt(i)));

   return sb.toString();
 }

It can be done this way also

char c[]=str.toCharArray();
  int i=c.lenght-1;
public void printReverseString(char[] c, int i){
       if(i==-1) return;
       System.out.println(c[i]);
       printReverseString(c,--i);
   }   

ReverseString.java

public class ReverseString {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        String str = "Ranga Reddy";
        String revStr = reverseStr(str);
        System.out.println(revStr);     
    }

    // Way1 - Recursive
    public static String reverseStr(String str) {
        char arrStr[] = reverseString(0, str.toCharArray());
        return new String(arrStr);
    }

    private static char[] reverseString(int charIndex, char[] arr) {     
        if (charIndex > arr.length - (charIndex+1)) {
          return arr;
        }

        int startIndex = charIndex;
        int endIndex = arr.length - (charIndex+1);

        char temp = arr[startIndex];        
        arr[startIndex] = arr[endIndex];
        arr[endIndex] = temp;      
        charIndex++;       
        return reverseString(charIndex++, arr);
    }

    // Way2
    private static String strReverse(String str) {
        char ch[] = new char[str.length()];
        for (int i = str.length() - 1, j = 0; i >= 0; i--) {
            ch[j++] = str.charAt(i);
        }
        return new String(ch);
    }
}

Here's a recursive solution that just prints the string in reverse order. It should be educational if you're trying to learn recursion. I've also made it "wrong" by actually having 2 print statements; one of them should be commented out. Try to figure out which mentally, or just run experiments. Either way, learn from it.

static void printReverse(String s) {
    if (!s.isEmpty()) {
        System.out.print(s.substring(0, 1));
        printReverse(s.substring(1));
        System.out.print(s.substring(0, 1));
    }
}

Bonus points if you answer these questions:


This is the simplest solution:

System.out.print("egaugnal detatneiro tcejbo si avaj");

public static void main(String[] args) {


    String str = "hello world here I am";

    StringTokenizer strToken = new StringTokenizer(str);
    int token = strToken.countTokens();
    String str1 [] = new String[token];

    char chr[] = new char[str.length()];
    int counter = 0;

    for(int j=0; j < str.length(); j++) {

        if(str.charAt(j) != ' ') {
            chr[j] = str.charAt(j);
        }else {
            str1[counter++] = new String(chr).trim();
            chr = new char[str.length()];
        }
    }
    str1[counter++] = new String(chr).trim();

    for(int i=str1.length-1; i >= 0 ; i--) {
        System.out.println(str1[i]);
    }
}

O/P is: am I here world hello


String x = "stack overflow";
String reversed = "";
for(int i = x.length()-1 ; i>=0; i--){
    reversed = reversed+ x.charAt(i);
}
System.out.println("reversed string is : "+ reversed);

public class MyStack {
   private int maxSize;
   private char[] stackArray;
   private int top;
   public MyStack(int s) {
      maxSize = s;
      stackArray = new char[maxSize];
      top = -1;
   }
   public void push(char j) {
      stackArray[++top] = j;
   }
   public char pop() {
      return stackArray[top--];
   }
   public char peek() {
      return stackArray[top];
   }
   public boolean isEmpty() {
      return (top == -1);
   }
   public boolean isFull() {
      return (top == maxSize - 1);
   }
   public static void main(String[] args) {
      MyStack theStack = new MyStack(10);
      String s="abcd";
      for(int i=0;i<s.length();i++)
      theStack.push(s.charAt(i));
      for(int i=0;i<s.length();i++)
      System.out.println(theStack.pop());

    }

I had this a while back, and having answered with the obvious StringBuffer.reverse() answer, they then asked 'Can you reverse a char array without using those API methods and achieve the result without spooling into a new char array?'

At the time I recognised that I only needed to iterate over half the length of the char array, but made a bit of a hash of explaining the actual code that needed to go into it (it was a verbal question). Anyway, I tried it when I got home and came up with this:

public class StringReverse {

public static void main(String[] args){

    String a = "String";

    char[] aChar = a.toCharArray();

    for (int i = (aChar.length-1)/2 ; i >= 0 ; i--){
        int posA = i;
        int posB = (aChar.length-1-i);
        char tmpA = aChar[posA];
        char tmpB = aChar[posB];
        System.out.println("Setting " + posA + " to " + tmpB);
        System.out.println("Setting " + posB + " to " + tmpA);

        aChar[posA] = tmpB;
        aChar[posB] = tmpA;
    }

    System.out.println(aChar);
}

}

You can obviously achieve this with less code, but I think the temporary assignments in the method make it more clear what the code is doing.

Outputs something like:

Setting 2 to i
Setting 3 to r
Setting 1 to n
Setting 4 to t
Setting 0 to g
Setting 5 to S

gnirtS

More of an interview question than a homework question, I'd say.


public class Match {
 void comp(String s1, String s2) {
    char[] charArray1 = s1.toCharArray();
    char[] charArray2 = s2.toCharArray();

    int length1 = charArray1.length;        

    int length2 = charArray2.length;       
    int flag = 0;

    if (length1 == length2) {
        for (int i = 0; i <= length1 - 1; i++) {
            if (charArray1[i] == charArray2[i]) {
                System.out.println("index are matched:" + " " + charArray1[i] + " " + "in index-" + i);

            } else {
                flag = 1;
                System.out.println("index are not matched:" + " " + charArray1[i] + " " + "in index-" + i);
                System.out.println("index are not matched:" + " " + charArray2[i] + " " + "in index-" + i);                    
            }
        }
    } else {
        System.out.println("Your string are not matched by length");
    }
    if (flag == 0) {
        System.out.println("Your string  matched with other String");
    } else {
        System.out.println("Your string are not matched");
    }
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
    java.util.Scanner sc = new java.util.Scanner(System.in);
    System.out.println("Enter the 1st String:");
    String s1 = sc.nextLine();
    System.out.println("Enter the 2nd string");
    String s2 = sc.nextLine();
    Match m = new Match();
    m.comp(s1, s2);
}
}

How about a simple traverse from the end of the string to the beg:

void printRev(String str) {
 for(int i=str.length()-1;i>=0;i--)
  System.out.print(str.charAt(i));
}

final String s = "123456789";
final char[] word = s.toCharArray();
final int l = s.length() - 2;
final int ll = s.length() - 1;
for (int i = 0; i < l; i++) {
    char x = word[i];
    word[i] = word[ll - i];
    word[ll - i] = x;
}
System.out.println(s);
System.out.println(new String(word));

You can do it either recursively or iteratively (looping).

Iteratively:

static String reverseMe(String s) {
    StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
    for (int i = s.length() - 1; i >= 0; --i)
        sb.append(s.charAt(i));
    return sb.toString();
}

Recursively:

static String reverseMe(String s) {
    if (s.length() == 0)
        return "";
    return s.charAt(s.length() - 1) + reverseMe(s.substring(1));
}

Integer i = new Integer(15);
test(i);
System.out.println(i);
test(i);
System.out.println(i); 
public static void test (Integer i) {
    i = (Integer)i + 10;
}

First of all: Why reinvent the wheel?

That being said: Loop from the length of the string to 0 and concatenate into another string.


Here you go:

public static void main (String[] args) {
    System.out.println(reverserString("Akshay"));
}

private static String reverserString(String src) {
    char[] sArr = src.toCharArray();
    char[] dArr = new char[sArr.length];
    for(int i=sArr.length; i>0; i--) {
        dArr[sArr.length-i] = sArr[i-1];
    }

    return new String(dArr);
}


 public class ReverseWithoutStringAPI {

public static void main(String[] args) {

      String st="hello";

        StringBuffer b=new StringBuffer();

        for(int i=st.length()-1;i>=0;i--){

            b.append(st.charAt(i)); }

        System.out.println("reverse:::"+b);
}
}

Well, printing itself would suggest a predefined function...

Presumably, though, you could obtain the characters and concatenate them manually in reverse (i.e. loop over it backwards). Of course, you could say concatenation is a predefined function... so maybe the char array itself. But again... why?

Is the source allowed to contain "egaugnal detatneiro tcejbo si avaj" ;-p

Also - note that string reversal is actually pretty complex if you consider unicode combining characters, surrogate pairs, etc. You should note the caveat that most string reversal mechanisms will only deal with the more common cases, but may struggle with i18n.


Try this:

public  class Test {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        String s = "welcome";   
    for( int i=0, j = (s.length())-1; i <= j; j-- ) {   
      char c=s.charAt(j);
      System.out.print(c);
    }
    }
}

public class ReverseString {

public static void main(String [] args) {

    String s = "reverse string" ;
    String b = "";

            for (int i = 0; i < s.length(); i++ ){
                 b= b + s.substring(s.length()-1-i, s.length()-i);

                 }

             System.out.println(b);
}

public class ReverseString {

public static void main(String[] args) {

    reverseString("HELLO");
}

public static String reverseString(String s){
    char []arr=s.toCharArray();
    for(int i= (arr.length)-1;i>=0;i--){
        System.out.print(arr[i]);
    }
    String str=String.copyValueOf(arr);
    return str;
}

Code will be as below:

public class RemoveString {

public static void main(String[] args) {

Scanner scanner=new Scanner(System.in);

String s=scanner.next();

String st="";

for(int i=s.length()-1;i>=0;i--){

st=st+s.charAt(i);


}

System.out.println(st);

}

}

It is very simple using while loop

public class Test {
public static void main(String[] args) {
    String name = "subha chandra";
    int len = name.length();
    while(len > 0){
        len--;
        char c = name.charAt(len);
        System.out.print(c); // use String.valueOf(c) to convert char to String
    }
}    
}

package com.ofs;

public class ReverseWordsInString{
public static void main(String[] args) {

    String str = "welcome to the new world and how are you feeling ?";

    // Get the Java runtime
    Runtime runtime = Runtime.getRuntime();
    // Run the garbage collector
    runtime.gc();
    // Calculate the used memory
    long firstUsageMemory = runtime.totalMemory() - runtime.freeMemory();
    System.out.println("Used memory in bytes: " + firstUsageMemory);
    System.out.println(str);
    str = new StringBuffer(str).reverse().toString();
    int count = 0;
    int preValue = 0;
    int lastspaceIndexVal = str.lastIndexOf(" ");
    int strLen = str.length();
    for (int i = 0; i < strLen - 1; i++) {
        if (Character.isWhitespace(str.charAt(i))) {
            if (i - preValue == 1 && count == 0) {
                str = str.substring(0, preValue) + str.charAt(i - 1)
                        + str.substring(i, strLen);
                preValue = i;
                count++;
            } else if (i - preValue == 2 && count == 0) {
                str = str.substring(0, preValue) + str.charAt(i - 1)
                        + str.charAt(i - 2) + str.substring(i, strLen);
                preValue = i;
                count++;
            } else if (i - preValue == 3 && count == 0) {
                str = str.substring(0, preValue) + str.charAt(i - 1)
                        + str.charAt(i - 2) + str.charAt(i - 3)
                        + str.substring(i, strLen);
                preValue = i;
                count++;
            } else if (i - preValue == 4 && count == 0) {
                str = str.substring(0, preValue) + str.charAt(i - 1)
                        + str.charAt(i - 2) + str.charAt(i - 3)
                        + str.charAt(i - 4) + str.substring(i, strLen);
                preValue = i;
                count++;
            } else if (i - preValue == 5 && count == 0) {
                str = str.substring(0, preValue) + str.charAt(i - 1)
                        + str.substring(i - 2, i - 1) + str.charAt(i - 3)
                        + str.charAt(i - 3) + str.charAt(i - 5)
                        + str.substring(i, strLen);
                preValue = i;
                count++;
            } else if (i - preValue == 6 && count == 0) {
                str = str.substring(0, preValue) + str.charAt(i - 1)
                        + str.charAt(i - 2) + str.charAt(i - 3)
                        + str.charAt(i - 4) + str.charAt(i - 5)
                        + str.charAt(i - 6) + str.substring(i, strLen);
                preValue = i;
                count++;
            } else if (i - preValue == 7 && count == 0) {
                str = str.substring(0, preValue) + str.charAt(i - 1)
                        + str.charAt(i - 2) + str.charAt(i - 3)
                        + str.charAt(i - 4) + str.charAt(i - 5)
                        + str.charAt(i - 6) + str.charAt(i - 7)
                        + str.substring(i, strLen);
                preValue = i;
                count++;
            } else if (i - preValue == 8 && count == 0) {
                str = str.substring(0, preValue) + str.charAt(i - 1)
                        + str.charAt(i - 2) + str.charAt(i - 3)
                        + str.charAt(i - 4) + str.charAt(i - 5)
                        + str.charAt(i - 6) + str.charAt(i - 7)
                        + str.charAt(i - 8) + str.substring(i, strLen);
                preValue = i;
                count++;
            } else if (i - preValue == 2 && count != 0) {
                str = str.substring(0, preValue) + str.charAt(i - 1)
                        + str.substring(i, strLen);
                preValue = i;
            } else if (i - preValue == 3 && count != 0) {
                str = str.substring(0, preValue + 1) + str.charAt(i - 1)
                        + str.charAt(i - 2) + str.substring(i, strLen);
                preValue = i;
            } else if (i - preValue == 4 && count != 0) {
                str = str.substring(0, preValue + 1) + str.charAt(i - 1)
                        + str.charAt(i - 2) + str.charAt(i - 3)
                        + str.substring(i, strLen);
                preValue = i;
            } else if (i - preValue == 5 && count != 0) {
                str = str.substring(0, preValue + 1) + str.charAt(i - 1)
                        + str.charAt(i - 2) + str.charAt(i - 3)
                        + str.charAt(i - 4) + str.substring(i, strLen);
                preValue = i;
                count++;
            } else if (i - preValue == 6 && count != 0) {
                str = str.substring(0, preValue + 1) + str.charAt(i - 1)
                        + str.charAt(i - 2) + str.charAt(i - 3)
                        + str.charAt(i - 4) + str.charAt(i - 5)
                        + str.substring(i, strLen);
                preValue = i;
                count++;
            } else if (i - preValue == 7 && count != 0) {
                str = str.substring(0, preValue + 1) + str.charAt(i - 1)
                        + str.charAt(i - 2) + str.charAt(i - 3)
                        + str.charAt(i - 4) + str.charAt(i - 5)
                        + str.charAt(i - 6) + str.substring(i, strLen);
                preValue = i;
                count++;
            } else if (i - preValue == 8 && count != 0) {
                str = str.substring(0, preValue + 1) + str.charAt(i - 1)
                        + str.charAt(i - 2) + str.charAt(i - 3)
                        + str.charAt(i - 4) + str.charAt(i - 5)
                        + str.charAt(i - 6) + str.charAt(i - 7)
                        + str.substring(i, strLen);
                preValue = i;
                count++;
            }
            if (lastspaceIndexVal == preValue) {
                if (strLen - lastspaceIndexVal == 2 && count != 0) {
                    str = str.substring(0, preValue + 1)
                            + str.charAt(strLen - 1);
                    preValue = i;
                } else if (strLen - lastspaceIndexVal == 3 && count != 0) {
                    str = str.substring(0, preValue + 1)
                            + str.charAt(strLen - 1)
                            + str.charAt(strLen - 2);
                    preValue = i;
                } else if (strLen - lastspaceIndexVal == 4 && count != 0) {
                    str = str.substring(0, preValue + 1)
                            + str.charAt(strLen - 1)
                            + str.charAt(strLen - 2)
                            + str.charAt(strLen - 3);
                    preValue = i;
                    count++;
                } else if (strLen - lastspaceIndexVal == 5 && count != 0) {
                    str = str.substring(0, preValue + 1)
                            + str.charAt(strLen - 1)
                            + str.charAt(strLen - 2)
                            + str.charAt(strLen - 3)
                            + str.charAt(strLen - 4);
                    preValue = i;
                } else if (strLen - lastspaceIndexVal == 6 && count != 0) {
                    str = str.substring(0, preValue + 1)
                            + str.charAt(strLen - 1)
                            + str.charAt(strLen - 2)
                            + str.charAt(strLen - 3)
                            + str.charAt(strLen - 4)
                            + str.charAt(strLen - 5);
                    preValue = i;
                    count++;
                } else if (strLen - lastspaceIndexVal == 7 && count != 0) {
                    str = str.substring(0, preValue + 1)
                            + str.charAt(strLen - 1)
                            + str.charAt(strLen - 2)
                            + str.charAt(strLen - 3)
                            + str.charAt(strLen - 4)
                            + str.charAt(strLen - 5)
                            + str.charAt(strLen - 6);
                    preValue = i;
                } else if (strLen - lastspaceIndexVal == 8 && count != 0) {
                    str = str.substring(0, preValue + 1)
                            + str.charAt(strLen - 1)
                            + str.charAt(strLen - 2)
                            + str.charAt(strLen - 3)
                            + str.charAt(strLen - 4)
                            + str.charAt(strLen - 5)
                            + str.charAt(strLen - 6)
                            + str.charAt(strLen - 7);
                    preValue = i;
                }
            }
        }
    }
    runtime.gc();
    // Calculate the used memory
    long SecondaryUsageMemory = runtime.totalMemory()
            - runtime.freeMemory();
    System.out.println("Used memory in bytes: " + SecondaryUsageMemory);
    System.out.println(str);
}
}

String reverse(String s) {
  int legnth = s.length();
  char[] arrayCh = s.toCharArray();
  for(int i=0; i< length/2; i++) {
      char ch = s.charAt(i);
      arrayCh[i] = arrayCh[legnth-1-i];
      arrayCh[legnth-1-i] = ch;
  } 
 return new String(arrayCh);
}