How to import the class within the same directory or sub directory

Question

I have a directory that stores all the  py files   bin     main py    user py   where class User resides    dir py   where class Dir resides   I want to use classes from user py and dir py in main py  How can I import these Python classes into main py  Furthermore  how can I import class User if user py is in a sub directory   bin      dir py     main py     usr          user py

User · Answer

Just too brief  Create a file   init   py is classes directory and then import it to your script like following  Import all case   from classes myscript import     Import selected classes only  from classes myscript import User from classes myscript import Dir

User · Answer

Python 3    Same directory   import file log py  import class  SampleApp     import log if   name         main         app   log SampleApp       app mainloop     or  directory is basic   import in file  log py   import class  SampleApp     from basic import log if   name         main         app   log SampleApp       app mainloop

User · Answer

If you have filename py in the same folder  you can easily import it like this  import filename  I am using python3 7

User · Answer

You can import the module and have access through its name if you don t want to mix functions and classes with yours  import util   imports util py  util clean   util setup 4    or you can import the functions and classes to your code   from util import clean  setup clean   setup 4    you can use wildchar   to import everything in that module to your code  from util import   clean   setup 4

User · Answer

In python3    init   py is no longer necessary  If the current directory of the console is the directory where the python script is located  everything works fine with    import user   However  this won t work if called from a different directory  which does not contain user py  In that case  use    from   import user   This works even if you want to import the whole file instead of just a class from there

User · Answer

For python3 import from sibling  from  user import User import from nephew  from  usr user import User

User · Answer

To make it more simple to understand   Step 1  lets go to one directory  where all will be included    cd  var tmp   Step 2  now lets make a class1 py file which has a class name Class1 with some code    cat  gt  class1 py  lt  lt  EOF class Class1      OKBLUE     033 94m      ENDC     033 0m      OK   OKBLUE     Class1 OK       ENDC EOF   Step 3  now lets make a class2 py file which has a class name Class2 with some code    cat  gt  class2 py  lt  lt  EOF class Class2      OKBLUE     033 94m      ENDC     033 0m      OK   OKBLUE     Class2 OK       ENDC EOF   Step 4  now lets make one main py which will be execute once to use Class1 and Class2 from 2 different files    cat  gt  main py  lt  lt  EOF    this is how we are actually calling class1 py and  from that file loading Class1    from class1 import Class1     this is how we are actually calling class2 py and  from that file loading Class2    from class2 import Class2  print Class1 OK print Class2 OK EOF   Step 5  Run the program    python main py   The output would be   Class1 OK     Class2 OK

User · Answer

If user py and dir py are not including classes then   from  user import User from  dir import Dir   is not working  You should then import as  from   import user from   import dir

User · Answer

to import from the same directory   from   import the file you want to import    to import from sub directory the directory should contain     init py   file other than you files then  from directory import your file

User · Answer

Python 2  Make an empty file called   init   py in the same directory as the files  That will signify to Python that it s  ok to import from this directory    Then just do     from user import User from dir import Dir   The same holds true if the files are in a subdirectory - put an   init   py in the subdirectory as well  and then use regular import statements  with dot notation  For each level of directory  you need to add to the import path    bin      main py     classes          user py         dir py   So if the directory was named  classes   then you d do this   from classes user import User from classes dir import Dir   Python 3  Same as previous  but prefix the module name with a   if not using a subdirectory   from  user import User from  dir import Dir

User · Answer

from user import User  from dir import Dir

User · Answer

I just learned  thanks to martineau s comment  that  in order to import classes from files within the same directory  you would now write in Python 3   from  user import User from  dir import Dir

User · Answer

In your main py   from user import Class   where Class is the name of the class you want to import   If you want to call a method of Class  you can call it using   Class method  Note that there should be an empty   init   py file in the same directory

User · Answer

Python3  use   from  user import User inside dir py file   and   use from class dir import Dir inside main py or from class usr import User inside main py   like so

User · Answer

I m not sure why this work but using Pycharm build from file in same dir import class name  The IDE complained about it but it seems it still worked  I m using Python 3 7

[python] How to import the class within the same directory or sub directory?

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