You could use the node STOMP client. This would let you integrate with a variety of message queues including:
I haven't used this library before, so I can't vouch for its quality. But STOMP is a pretty simple protocol so I suspect you can hack it into submission if necessary.
Another option is to use beanstalkd with node. beanstalkd is a very fast "task queue" written in C that is very good if you don't need the feature flexibility of the brokers listed above.