How to plot all the columns of a data frame in R

Question

The data frame has n columns and I would like to get n plots  one plot for each column   I m a newbie and I am not fluent in R  anyway I found two solutions   The first one works but it does not print the column name  and I need them     data  lt - read csv  sample csv  header T sep      for   c in data   plot  c  type  l      The second one works better because it prints the column name   data  lt - read csv  sample csv  header T sep      for   i in seq 1 length  data   1    plot data  i  ylab names data i   type  l     Is there any better  from the R language point of view  solutions

User · Answer

Using some of the tips above  especially thanks  daroczig for the names df  i  form  this function prints a histogram for numeric variables and a bar chart for factor variables  A good start to exploring a data frame   par mfrow c 3 3  mar c 2 1 1 1    my example has 9 columns  dfplot  lt - function data frame      df  lt - data frame   ln  lt - length names data frame     for i in 1 ln       mname  lt - substitute df  i         if is factor df  i             plot df  i  main names df  i            else hist df  i  main names df  i            Best wishes  Mat

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The ggplot2 package takes a little bit of learning  but the results look really nice  you get nice legends  plus many other nice features  all without having to write much code   require ggplot2  require reshape2  df  lt - data frame time   1 10                   a   cumsum rnorm 10                     b   cumsum rnorm 10                     c   cumsum rnorm 10    df  lt - melt df    id vars    time   variable name    series      plot on same grid  each series colored differently --    good if the series have same scale ggplot df  aes time value     geom line aes colour   series      or plot on different plots ggplot df  aes time value     geom line     facet grid series

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I m surprised that no one mentioned matplot  It s pretty convenient in case you don t need to plot each line in separate axes  Just one command   matplot y   data  type    l   lty   1    Use  matplot to see all the options   To add the legend  you can set color palette and then add it   mypalette   rainbow ncol data   matplot y   data  type    l   lty   1  col   mypalette  legend legend   colnames data   x    topright   y    topright   lty   1  lwd   2  col   mypalette

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You can jump through hoops and convert your solution to a lapply  sapply or apply call   I see  jonw shows one way to do this   Other than that what you have already is perfectly acceptable code   If these are all a time series or similar then the following might be a suitable alternative  which plots each series in it s own panel on a single plotting region  We use the zoo package as it handles ordered data like this very well indeed   require zoo  set seed 1     example data dat  lt - data frame X   cumsum rnorm 100    Y   cumsum rnorm 100                      Z   cumsum rnorm 100       convert to multivariate zoo object datz  lt - zoo dat     plot it plot datz    Which gives

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In case the column names in the  csv file file are not valid R name   data  lt - read csv  sample csv  sep     head TRUE  data2  lt - read csv  sample csv  sep     head FALSE nrows 1   for   i in seq 1 length  data   1    plot data  i  ylab data2 1 i  type  l

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Unfortunately  ggplot2 does not offer a way to do this  easily  without transforming your data into long format  You can try to fight it but it will just be easier to do the data transformation  Here all the methods  including melt from reshape2  gather from tidyr  and pivot longer from tidyr  Reshaping data frame from wide to long format Here s a simple example using pivot longer   gt  df  lt - data frame time   1 5  a   1 5  b   3 7   gt  df   time a b 1    1 1 3 2    2 2 4 3    3 3 5 4    4 4 6 5    5 5 7   gt  df wide  lt - df   gt   pivot longer c a  b   names to    quot colname quot   values to    quot val quot    gt  df wide   A tibble  10 x 3     time colname   val     lt int gt   lt chr gt     lt int gt   1     1 a           1  2     1 b           3  3     2 a           2  4     2 b           4  5     3 a           3  6     3 b           5  7     4 a           4  8     4 b           6  9     5 a           5 10     5 b           7   As you can see  pivot longer puts the selected column names in whatever is specified by names to  default  quot name quot    and puts the long values into whatever is specified by values to  default  quot value quot      If I m ok with the default names  I can use use df   gt   pivot longer c  quot a quot    quot b quot     Now you can plot as normal  ex  ggplot df wide  aes x   time  y   val  color   colname     geom line

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You could specify the title  and also the title of the axes via xlab and ylab  with the main option  E g    plot data  i   main names data  i     And if you want to plot  and save  each variable of a dataframe  you should use png  pdf or any other graphics driver you need  and after that issue a dev off   command  E g    data  lt - read csv  sample csv  header T sep      for  i in 1 length data         pdf paste  fileprefix    names data  i     pdf   sep         plot data  i   ylab names data i    type  l       dev off       Or draw all plots to the same image with the mfrow paramater of par    E g   use par mfrow c 2 2  to include the next 4 plots in the same  image

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With lattice   library lattice   df  lt - data frame time   1 10                   a   cumsum rnorm 10                     b   cumsum rnorm 10                     c   cumsum rnorm 10     form  lt - as formula paste paste names df  - 1    collapse                                       time    sep          xyplot form   data   df   type    b    outer   TRUE

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I don t have R on this computer  but here is a crack at it  You can use par to display multiple plots in a window  or like this to prompt for a click before displaying the next page   plotfun  lt - function col     plot data    col   ylab   names data col    type    l   par ask   TRUE  sapply seq 1  length data   1   plotfun

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This link helped me a lot for the same problem  p   ggplot        geom line data   df plot  aes x   idx  y   col1   color    quot blue quot       geom line data   df plot  aes x   idx  y   col2   color    quot red quot     print p   https   rpubs com euclid 343644

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There is very simple way to plot all columns from a data frame using separate panels or the same panel   plot ts data    Which yields  where X1 - X4 are column names      Have look at  plot ts for all the options   If you wan t more control over your plotting function and not use a loop  you could also do something like    par mfcol   c ncol data   1   Map function x y  plot x  main  y   data  names data

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