Percentage width in a RelativeLayout

Question

I am working on a form layout for a Login Activity in my Android App  The image below is how I want it to look like     I was able to achieve this layout with the following XML  The problem is  it s a bit hackish  I had to hard-code a width for the host EditText  Specifically  I had to specify   android layout width  172dp     I d really like to give a percentage width to the host and port EditText s    Something like 80  for the host  20  for the port   Is this possible  The following XML works on my Droid  but it doesn t seem to work for all screens  I would really like a more robust solution     lt RelativeLayout xmlns android  http   schemas android com apk res android      android id    id main      android layout width  fill parent      android layout height  fill parent   gt        lt TextView         android id    id host label          android layout width  wrap content          android layout height  wrap content          android layout below    id home          android paddingLeft  15dp          android paddingTop  0dp          android text  host          android textColor   a5d4e2          android textSize  25sp          android textStyle  normal    gt        lt TextView         android id    id port label          android layout width  wrap content          android layout height  wrap content          android layout below    id home          android layout toRightOf    id host input          android paddingTop  0dp          android text  port          android textColor   a5d4e2          android textSize  25sp          android textStyle  normal    gt        lt EditText         android id    id host input          android layout width  172dp          android layout height  wrap content          android layout below   id host label          android layout marginLeft  15dp          android layout marginRight  15dp          android layout marginTop  4dp          android background   android drawable editbox background          android inputType  textEmailAddress    gt        lt EditText         android id    id port input          android layout width  100dp          android layout height  wrap content          android layout below   id host label          android layout marginTop  4dp          android layout toRightOf   id host input          android background   android drawable editbox background          android inputType  number    gt        lt TextView         android id    id username label          android layout width  wrap content          android layout height  wrap content          android layout below    id host input          android paddingLeft  15dp          android paddingTop  15dp          android text  username          android textColor   a5d4e2          android textSize  25sp          android textStyle  normal    gt        lt EditText         android id    id username input          android layout width  fill parent          android layout height  wrap content          android layout below   id username label          android layout marginLeft  15dp          android layout marginRight  15dp          android layout marginTop  4dp          android background   android drawable editbox background          android inputType  textEmailAddress    gt        lt TextView         android id    id password label          android layout width  wrap content          android layout height  wrap content          android layout below    id username input          android paddingLeft  15dp          android paddingTop  15dp          android text  password          android textColor   a5d4e2          android textSize  25sp          android textStyle  normal    gt        lt EditText         android id    id password input          android layout width  fill parent          android layout height  wrap content          android layout below   id password label          android layout marginLeft  15dp          android layout marginRight  15dp          android layout marginTop  4dp          android background   android drawable editbox background          android inputType  textPassword    gt        lt ImageView         android id    id home          android layout width  wrap content          android layout height  wrap content          android layout alignParentTop  true          android layout centerHorizontal  true          android layout centerVertical  false          android paddingLeft  15dp          android paddingRight  15dp          android paddingTop  15dp          android scaleType  fitStart          android src   drawable home    gt        lt Button         android id    id login button          android layout width  wrap content          android layout height  wrap content          android layout below    id password input          android layout marginLeft  15dp          android layout marginTop  15dp          android text     login             android textSize  18sp   gt       lt  Button gt    lt  RelativeLayout gt

User · Answer

You cannot use percentages to define the dimensions of a View inside a RelativeLayout  The best ways to do it is to use LinearLayout and weights  or a custom Layout

User · Answer

You can use PercentRelativeLayout  It is a recent undocumented addition to the Design Support Library  enables the ability to specify not only elements relative to each other but also the total percentage of available space      Subclass of RelativeLayout that supports percentage based dimensions   and margins  You can specify dimension or a margin of child by using   attributes with  Percent  suffix     lt android support percent PercentRelativeLayout      xmlns android  http   schemas android com apk res android       xmlns app  http   schemas android com apk res-auto       android layout width  match parent       android layout height  match parent  gt     lt ImageView       android layout width  match parent        android layout height  match parent        app layout widthPercent  50         app layout heightPercent  50         app layout marginTopPercent  25         app layout marginLeftPercent  25    gt   lt  android support percent PercentFrameLayout gt    The Percent package provides APIs to support adding and managing percentage based dimensions in your app   To use  you need to add this library to your Gradle dependency list   dependencies       compile  com android support percent 22 2 0   23 1 1

User · Answer

Check https   github com mmin18 FlexLayout which you can use percent or java expression directly in layout xml    lt EditText     app layout left  0       app layout right  60       app layout height  wrap content   gt   lt EditText     app layout left  prev right 10dp      app layout right  100       app layout height  wrap content   gt

User · Answer

Since PercentRelativeLayout was deprecated in 26 0 0 and nested layouts like LinearLayout inside RelativeLayout have a negative impact on performance  Understanding the performance benefits of ConstraintLayout  the best option for you to achieve percentage width is to replace your RelativeLayout with ConstraintLayout   This can be solved in two ways   SOLUTION  1 Using guidelines with percentage offset     lt android support constraint ConstraintLayout     xmlns android  http   schemas android com apk res android      xmlns app  http   schemas android com apk res-auto      android layout width  match parent      android layout height  match parent  gt        lt TextView         android id    id host label          android layout width  wrap content          android layout height  wrap content          android text  Host          android layout marginTop  16dp          android layout marginLeft  8dp          app layout constraintTop toTopOf  parent          app layout constraintLeft toLeftOf    id host input    gt        lt TextView         android id    id port label          android layout width  wrap content          android layout height  wrap content          android text  Port          android layout marginTop  16dp          android layout marginLeft  8dp          app layout constraintTop toTopOf  parent          app layout constraintLeft toLeftOf    id port input    gt        lt EditText         android id    id host input          android layout width  0dp          android layout height  wrap content          android layout marginTop  8dp          android layout marginLeft  8dp          android layout marginRight  8dp          android inputType  textEmailAddress          app layout constraintTop toBottomOf    id host label          app layout constraintLeft toLeftOf  parent          app layout constraintRight toLeftOf    id guideline    gt        lt EditText         android id    id port input          android layout width  0dp          android layout height  wrap content          android layout marginTop  8dp          android layout marginLeft  8dp          android layout marginRight  8dp          android inputType  number          app layout constraintTop toBottomOf    id port label          app layout constraintLeft toLeftOf    id guideline          app layout constraintRight toRightOf  parent    gt        lt android support constraint Guideline         android id    id guideline          android layout width  wrap content          android layout height  wrap content          android orientation  vertical          app layout constraintGuide percent  0 8    gt    lt  android support constraint ConstraintLayout gt    SOLUTION  2 Using chain with weighted width for EditText     lt android support constraint ConstraintLayout     xmlns android  http   schemas android com apk res android      xmlns app  http   schemas android com apk res-auto      android layout width  match parent      android layout height  match parent  gt        lt TextView         android id    id host label          android layout width  wrap content          android layout height  wrap content          android text  Host          android layout marginTop  16dp          android layout marginLeft  8dp          app layout constraintTop toTopOf  parent          app layout constraintLeft toLeftOf    id host input    gt        lt TextView         android id    id port label          android layout width  wrap content          android layout height  wrap content          android text  Port          android layout marginTop  16dp          android layout marginLeft  8dp          app layout constraintTop toTopOf  parent          app layout constraintLeft toLeftOf    id port input    gt        lt EditText         android id    id host input          android layout width  0dp          android layout height  wrap content          android layout marginTop  8dp          android layout marginLeft  8dp          android layout marginRight  8dp          android inputType  textEmailAddress          app layout constraintHorizontal weight  0 8          app layout constraintTop toBottomOf    id host label          app layout constraintLeft toLeftOf  parent          app layout constraintRight toLeftOf    id port input    gt        lt EditText         android id    id port input          android layout width  0dp          android layout height  wrap content          android layout marginTop  8dp          android layout marginLeft  8dp          android layout marginRight  8dp          android inputType  number          app layout constraintHorizontal weight  0 2          app layout constraintTop toBottomOf    id port label          app layout constraintLeft toRightOf    id host input          app layout constraintRight toRightOf  parent    gt    lt  android support constraint ConstraintLayout gt    In both cases  you get something like this

User · Answer

PercentRelativeLayout is deprecated from Revision 26 0 0 of support Library    Google introduced new Layout called ConstraintLayout   Add the library as a dependency in your module-level build gradle    file        dependencies           compile  com android support constraint constraint-layout 1 0 1            just add in a layout file    lt  xml version  1 0  encoding  utf-8   gt   lt android support constraint ConstraintLayout     xmlns android  http   schemas android com apk res android      xmlns app  http   schemas android com apk res-auto      android layout width  match parent      android layout height  match parent  gt   lt  android support constraint ConstraintLayout gt    Constraints  Constraints help you keep widgets aligned  You can use anchors  such as the constraint handles shown below  to determine alignment rules between various widgets      Wrap Content  The view expands as needed to fit its contents  Match Constraints  The view expands as needed to meet the definition of its constraints after accounting for margins  However  if the given dimension has only one constraint  then the view expands to fit its contents  Using this mode on either the height or width also allows you to set a size ratio  Fixed  You specify a specific dimension in the text box below or by resizing the view in the editor  Spread  The views are evenly distributed  after margins are accounted for   This is the default  Spread inside  The first and last view are affixed to the constraints on each end of the chain and the rest are evenly distributed  Weighted  When the chain is set to either spread or spread inside  you can fill the remaining space by setting one or more views to  match constraints   0dp   By default  the space is evenly distributed between each view that s set to  match constraints   but you can assign a weight of importance to each view using the layout constraintHorizontal weight and layout constraintVertical weight attributes  If you re familiar with layout weight in a linear layout  this works the same way  So the view with the highest weight value gets the most amount of space  views that have the same weight get the same amount of space  Packed  The views are packed together  after margins are accounted for   You can then adjust the whole chain s bias  left right or up down  by changing the chain s head view bias  Center Horizontally or Center Vertically  To create a chain of views quickly  select them all  right-click one of the views  and then select either Center Horizontally or Center Vertically  to create either a horizontal or vertical chain Baseline alignment  Align the text baseline of a view to the text baseline of another view  Constrain to a guideline  You can add a vertical or horizontal guideline to which you can constrain views  and the guideline will be invisible to app users  You can position the guideline within the layout based on either dp units or percent  relative to the layout s edge  Adjust the constraint bias  When you add a constraint to both sides of a view  and the view size for the same dimension is either  fixed  or  wrap content    the view becomes centered between the two constraints with a bias of 50  by default  You can adjust the bias by dragging the bias slider in the Properties window Set size as a ratio  You can set the view size to a ratio such as 16 9 if at least one of the view dimensions is set to  match constraints   0dp      You can learn more from the official doc

User · Answer

This does not quite answer the original question  which was for a 70 30 split  but in the special case of a 50 50 split between the components there is a way  place an invisible strut at the center and use it to position the two components of interest    lt RelativeLayout      android layout width  match parent      android layout height  wrap content  gt       lt View android id    id strut          android layout width  0dp          android layout height  0dp           android layout centerHorizontal  true   gt       lt Button         android layout width  0dp          android layout height  wrap content          android layout alignRight   id strut          android layout alignParentLeft  true          android text  Left   gt        lt Button          android layout width  0dp          android layout height  wrap content          android layout alignLeft   id strut          android layout alignParentRight  true          android text  Right   gt   lt  RelativeLayout gt    As this is a pretty common case  this solution is more than a curiosity  It is a bit of a hack but an efficient one because the empty  zero-sized strut should cost very little   In general  though  it s best not to expect too much from the stock Android layouts

User · Answer

Update          As pointed by  EmJiHash PercentRelativeLayout and PercentFrameLayout     is deprecated in API level 26 0 0         Consider Using ConstraintLayout   Google introduced new API called android support percent  1 PercentRelativeLayout  2 PercentFrameLayout  Add compile dependency like  compile  com android support percent 23 1 1    You can specify dimension in percentage so get both benefit of RelativeLayout and percentage    lt android support percent PercentRelativeLayout          xmlns android  http   schemas android com apk res android           xmlns app  http   schemas android com apk res-auto           android layout width  match parent           android layout height  match parent   gt        lt TextView          app layout widthPercent  40            app layout heightPercent  40            app layout marginTopPercent  15            app layout marginLeftPercent  15    gt    lt  android support percent PercentRelativeLayout  gt

User · Answer

Just put your two textviews host and port in an independant linearlayout horizontal and use android layout weight to make the percentage

User · Answer

I have solved this creating a custom View   public class FractionalSizeView extends View     public FractionalSizeView Context context  AttributeSet attrs        super context  attrs          public FractionalSizeView Context context  AttributeSet attrs  int defStyle        super context  attrs  defStyle           Override   protected void onMeasure int widthMeasureSpec  int heightMeasureSpec        int width   MeasureSpec getSize widthMeasureSpec       setMeasuredDimension width   70   100  0           This is invisible strut I can use to align other views within RelativeLayout

User · Answer

You can accomplish this via layout weights   A weight dictates how the unclaimed portions of the screen are divided up   Give each EditText a layout width of 0  and some proportional weight   I e   give one a weight of 2  and the other a weight of 1 if you want the first to take up twice as much space

User · Answer

Update 1 As pointed by  EmJiHash PercentRelativeLayout  is deprecated in  API level 26 0 0 Below quoting google comment   This class was deprecated in API level 26 0 0  consider using ConstraintLayout and associated layouts instead  The following shows how to replicate the functionality of percentage layouts with a ConstraintLayout   Google introduced new API called android support percent Then you can just specify percentage to take by view Add compile dependency like implementation  com android support percent 22 2 0  in that  PercentRelativeLayout is what we can do a percentage wise  layout   lt android support percent PercentRelativeLayout      xmlns android  quot http   schemas android com apk res android quot       xmlns app  quot http   schemas android com apk res-auto quot       android layout width  quot match parent quot       android layout height  quot match parent quot  gt        lt ImageView          app layout widthPercent  quot 50  quot           app layout heightPercent  quot 50  quot           app layout marginTopPercent  quot 25  quot           app layout marginLeftPercent  quot 25  quot   gt    lt  android support percent PercentRelativeLayout gt

User · Answer

Interestingly enough  building on the answer from  olefevre  one can not only do 50 50 layouts with  invisible struts   but all sorts of layouts involving powers of two   For example  here is a layout that cuts the width into four equal parts  actually three  with weights of 1  1  2     lt  xml version  1 0  encoding  utf-8   gt   lt RelativeLayout xmlns android  http   schemas android com apk res android      android layout width  match parent      android layout height  wrap content   gt        lt View         android id    id strut          android layout width  1dp          android layout height  match parent          android layout centerHorizontal  true          android background   000000    gt        lt RelativeLayout         android layout width  match parent          android layout height  wrap content          android layout toLeftOf    id strut   gt            lt View             android id    id left strut              android layout width  1dp              android layout height  match parent              android layout toLeftOf    id strut              android layout centerHorizontal  true              android background   000000    gt            lt Button             android layout width  0dp              android layout height  wrap content              android layout alignParentLeft  true              android layout alignRight    id left strut              android text  Far Left    gt            lt Button             android layout width  0dp              android layout height  wrap content              android layout alignParentRight  true              android layout toRightOf    id left strut              android text  Near Left    gt       lt  RelativeLayout gt            lt Button             android layout width  0dp              android layout height  wrap content              android layout alignLeft   id strut              android layout alignParentRight  true              android text  Right    gt    lt  RelativeLayout gt

User · Answer

You are looking for the android layout weight attribute  It will allow you to use percentages to define your layout   In the following example  the left button uses 70  of the space  and the right button 30     lt LinearLayout     android layout width  match parent       android layout height  wrap content      android orientation  horizontal  gt        lt Button         android text  left           android layout width  0dp           android layout height  wrap content           android layout weight   70    gt         lt Button         android text  right           android layout width  0dp           android layout height  wrap content           android layout weight   30    gt    lt  LinearLayout gt    It works the same with any kind of View  you can replace the buttons with some EditText to fit your needs   Be sure to set the layout width to 0dp or your views may not be scaled properly   Note that the weight sum doesn t have to equal 1  I just find it easier to read like this  You can set the first weight to 7 and the second to 3 and it will give the same result

User · Answer

You can have a look at the new percent support library    compile  com android support percent 22 2 0    docs  sample

[android] Percentage width in a RelativeLayout

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