[java] Environment Variable with Maven

I've ported a project from Eclipse to Maven and I need to set an environment variable to make my project work.

In Eclipse, I go to "Run -> Run configurations" and, under the tab "environment", I set "WSNSHELL_HOME" to the value "conf".

How can I do this with Maven?

Thank you very much!

The -D properties will not be reliable propagated from the surefire-pluging to your test (I do not know why it works with eclipse). When using maven on the command line use the argLine property to wrap your property. This will pass them to your test

mvn -DargLine="-DWSNSHELL_HOME=conf" test

Use System.getProperty to read the value in your code. Have a look to this post about the difference of System.getenv and Sytem.getProperty.

I suggest using the amazing tool direnv. With it you can inject environment variables once you cd into the project. These steps worked for me:

.envrc file

source_up
dotenv

.env file

_JAVA_OPTIONS="-DYourEnvHere=123"

You can pass some of the arguments through the _JAVA_OPTIONS variable.

For example, define a variable for maven proxy flags like this:

_JAVA_OPTIONS="-Dhttp.proxyHost=$http_proxy_host -Dhttp.proxyPort=$http_proxy_port -Dhttps.proxyHost=$https_proxy_host -Dhttps.proxyPort=$http_proxy_port"

And then use mvn clean install (it will automatically pick up _JAVA_OPTIONS).

For environment variable in Maven, you can set below.

http://maven.apache.org/surefire/maven-surefire-plugin/test-mojo.html#environmentVariables http://maven.apache.org/surefire/maven-failsafe-plugin/integration-test-mojo.html#environmentVariables

<plugin>
    <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
    <artifactId>maven-failsafe-plugin</artifactId>
    ...
    <configuration>
        <includes>
            ...
        </includes>
        <environmentVariables>
            <WSNSHELL_HOME>conf</WSNSHELL_HOME>
        </environmentVariables>
    </configuration>
</plugin>

There is a maven plugin called properties-maven-plugin this one provides a goal set-system-properties to set system variables. This is especially useful if you have a file containing all these properties. So you're able to read a property file and set them as system variable.

Following documentation from @Kevin's answer the below one worked for me for setting environment variable with maven sure-fire plugin

<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
<configuration>
    <environmentVariables>
        <WSNSHELL_HOME>conf</WSNSHELL_HOME>
    </environmentVariables>
</configuration>

in your code add:

System.getProperty("WSNSHELL_HOME")

Modify or add value property from maven command:

mvn clean test -DargLine=-DWSNSHELL_HOME=yourvalue

If you want to run it in Eclipse, add VM arguments in your Debug/Run configurations

• Go to Run -> Run configurations
• Select Tab Arguments
• Add in section VM Arguments

-DWSNSHELL_HOME=yourvalue

you don't need to modify the POM

You could wrap your maven command in a bash script:

#!/bin/bash

export YOUR_VAR=thevalue
mvn test
unset YOUR_VAR

Another solution would be to set MAVEN_OPTS (or other environment variables) in ${user.home}/.mavenrc (or %HOME%\mavenrc_pre.bat on windows).

Since Maven 3.3.1 there are new possibilities to set mvn command line parameters, if this is what you actually want:

• ${maven.projectBasedir}/.mvn/maven.config
• ${maven.projectBasedir}/.mvn/jvm.config