[shell] Which terminal command to get just IP address and nothing else?

I'm trying to use just the IP address (inet) as a parameter in a script I wrote.

Is there an easy way in a unix terminal to get just the IP address, rather than looking through ifconfig?

I would Use Hostname -L to get just the IP to use as a variable in a script.

On Redhat 64bit, this solved problem for me.

ifconfig $1|sed -n 2p|awk '{ print $2 }'|awk -F : '{ print $2 }'

I always wind up needing this at the most unexpected times and, without fail, wind up searching for threads like this on SO. So I wrote a simple script to get IPv4 addresses via netstat, called echoip - you can find it here. The bash for network addresses looks like this, it also gets your public address from ipecho.net:

IPV4='\d+(\.\d+){3}'
INTERFACES=`netstat -i | grep -E "$IPV4" | cut -d ' ' -f 1`
INTERFACE_IPS=`netstat -i | grep -oE "$IPV4"`

for i in "${!INTERFACES[@]}"; do
  printf "%s:\t%s\n" "${INTERFACES[$i]}" "${INTERFACE_IPS[$i]}"
done

The echoip script yields an output like this:

$ echoip
public: 26.106.59.169
en0:    10.1.10.2

The IPv4 address for the default route:

ip address show $(ip route | grep "^default " | head -n1 | grep -Po "(?<=dev )[^ ]+") | grep -Po "(?<=inet )[^ /]+"

The IPv6 address for the default route:

ip address show $(ip route | grep "^default " | head -n1 | grep -Po "(?<=dev )[^ ]+") | grep -Po "(?<=inet6 )[^ /]+"

These only require commands ip and grep with support for -P and -o. The head -1 is required because ip route may show multiple default routes when system has complex enough network setup.

If you don't mind which IP is which, you can just do

ip route | grep -Po '(?<=src )[^ ]+'

or

hostname --all-ip-addresses

If you have limited environment, you may use this command:

ip -4 addr show dev eth0 | grep inet | tr -s " " | cut -d" " -f3 | head -n 1

On latest Ubuntu versions (14.04 - 16.04), this command did the trick for me.

hostname -I | awk '{print $1}'

I don't see any answer with nmcli yet which is a command-line tool for controlling NetworkManager.

So here you go :)

wolf@linux:~$ nmcli device 
DEVICE  TYPE      STATE        CONNECTION 
eth1    ethernet  unavailable  --         
eth0    ethernet  unmanaged    --         
lo      loopback  unmanaged    --         
wolf@linux:~$ 

If you want to get the information from specific network interface (let say lo for this example)

wolf@linux:~$ nmcli device show lo
GENERAL.DEVICE:                         lo
GENERAL.TYPE:                           loopback
GENERAL.HWADDR:                         00:00:00:00:00:00
GENERAL.MTU:                            65536
GENERAL.STATE:                          10 (unmanaged)
GENERAL.CONNECTION:                     --
GENERAL.CON-PATH:                       --
IP4.ADDRESS[1]:                         127.0.0.1/8
IP4.GATEWAY:                            --
IP4.ROUTE[1]:                           dst = 127.0.0.0/8, nh = 0.0.0.0,>
IP4.ROUTE[2]:                           dst = 127.0.0.1/32, nh = 0.0.0.0>
IP6.ADDRESS[1]:                         ::1/128
IP6.GATEWAY:                            --
IP6.ROUTE[1]:                           dst = ::1/128, nh = ::, mt = 256
IP6.ROUTE[2]:                           dst = ::1/128, nh = ::, mt = 0, >
wolf@linux:~$ 

But since you just want to get the IP address, just send the output to grep, cut or awk.

Let's do it step by step. (Not sure what's wrong, the code sample format just didn't work for these 3 example.)

1. Get the IPv4 line

   wolf@linux:~$ nmcli device show lo | grep 4.A IP4.ADDRESS[1]: 127.0.0.1/8 wolf@linux:~$

2. Use awk to get the IP

   wolf@linux:~$ nmcli device show lo | awk '/4.A/ {print $2}' 127.0.0.1/8 wolf@linux:~$

3. Use cut to remove the CIDR notation (/8)

   wolf@linux:~$ nmcli device show lo | awk '/4.A/ {print $2}' | cut -d / -f1 127.0.0.1 wolf@linux:~$

There your answer.

Please take note that there are tons of ways to do it using the tools that I demonstrated just now.

Let's recap the commands that I used.

nmcli device show lo | grep 4.A
nmcli device show lo | awk '/4.A/ {print $2}'
nmcli device show lo | awk '/4.A/ {print $2}' | cut -d / -f1

Sample output for these 3 commands

Command 1 output

IP4.ADDRESS[1]:                         127.0.0.1/8

Command 2 output

127.0.0.1/8

Command 3 output

127.0.0.1

These two ways worked for me:

To get IP address of your interface eth0. Replace eth0 in the below example with your interface name. ifconfig eth0 | grep -w "inet" | tr -s " " | cut -f3 -d" "

Using hostname: This will give you the inet i.e. IPAddress of your etho. using -I will give you inet value of all the interfaces whereever this value is present.

hostname -i

If you don't want to use ifconfig nor regex...

ip addr | grep eth0 | grep inet | awk '{print $2}' | cut -d"/" -f1

I wanted something simple that worked as a Bash alias. I found that hostname -I works best for me (hostname v3.15). hostname -i returns the loopback IP, for some reason, but hostname -I gives me the correct IP for wlan0, and without having to pipe output through grep or awk. A drawback is that hostname -I will output all IPs, if you have more than one.

We can simply use only 2 commands ( ifconfig + awk ) to get just the IP (v4) we want like so:

On Linux, assuming to get IP address from eth0 interface, run the following command:

/sbin/ifconfig eth0 | awk '/inet addr/{print substr($2,6)}'

On OSX, assumming to get IP adddress from en0 interface, run the following command:

/sbin/ifconfig en0 | awk '/inet /{print $2}'

To know our public/external IP, add this function in ~/.bashrc

whatismyip () {
    curl -s "http://api.duckduckgo.com/?q=ip&format=json" | jq '.Answer' | grep --color=auto -oE "\b([0-9]{1,3}\.){3}[0-9]{1,3}\b"
}

Then run, whatismyip

To get only the IP address on Mac OS X you can type the following command:

ipconfig getifaddr en0

Here is my version, in which you can pass a list of interfaces, ordered by priority:

getIpFromInterface()
{
    interface=$1
    ifconfig ${interface}  > /dev/null 2>&1 && ifconfig ${interface} | awk -F'inet ' '{ print $2 }' | awk '{ print $1 }' | grep .
}

getCurrentIpAddress(){
    IFLIST=(${@:-${IFLIST[@]}})
    for currentInterface in ${IFLIST[@]}
    do
        IP=$(getIpFromInterface  $currentInterface)
        [[ -z "$IP" ]] && continue
    echo ${IP/*:}
    return
    done
}

IFLIST=(tap0 en1 en0)
getCurrentIpAddress $@

So if I'm connected with VPN, Wifi and ethernet, my VPN address (on interface tap0) will be returned. The script works on both linux and osx, and can take arguments if you want to override IFLIST

Note that if you want to use IPV6, you'll have to replace 'inet ' by 'inet6'.

When looking up your external IP address on a NATed host, quite a few answers suggest using HTTP based methods like ifconfig.me eg:

$ curl ifconfig.me/ip

Over the years I have seen many of these sites come and go, I find this DNS based method more robust:

$ dig +short myip.opendns.com @resolver1.opendns.com

I have this handy alias in my ~/.bashrc:

alias wip='dig +short myip.opendns.com @resolver1.opendns.com'

use this one line script: ifconfig | grep "inet " | grep -v 127.0.0.1|awk 'match($0, /([0-9]+\.[0-9]+\.[0-9]+\.[0-9]+)/) {print substr($0,RSTART,RLENGTH)}' mac & linux (tested in ubuntu) both works.

This will give you all IPv4 interfaces, including the loopback 127.0.0.1:

ip -4 addr | grep -oP '(?<=inet\s)\d+(\.\d+){3}'

This will only show eth0:

ip -4 addr show eth0 | grep -oP '(?<=inet\s)\d+(\.\d+){3}'

And this way you can get IPv6 addresses:

ip -6 addr | grep -oP '(?<=inet6\s)[\da-f:]+'

Only eth0 IPv6:

ip -6 addr show eth0 | grep -oP '(?<=inet6\s)[\da-f:]+'

You can also use the following command:

ip route | grep src

NOTE: This will only work if you have connectivity to the internet.

hostname -I  

This command will give you the exact ip address as you want in Ubuntu.

Generally, it is never guaranteed that a system will only have one IP address, for example, you can have both an ethernet and wlan connections, and if you have an active VPN connection then you'll have yet another IP address.

Linux

On Linux, hostname -I will list the current IP address(es). Relying on it always returning just one IP address will most likely not work as expected under some scenarios (i.e. a VPN link is up, multiple ethernet adapters, etc), so a more reliable way would be converting the result to an array and then loop over the elements:

ips=($(hostname -I))

for ip in "${ips[@]}"
do
    echo $ip
done

Note: If hostname -I returns the IP both in IPv4 and IPv6 formats then you can use instead hostname -I | cut -f1 -d' ' to only show the IPv4 IP.

OSX

On OSX, if you know the interface, you could use:

~$ ipconfig getifaddr en0
192.168.1.123

which will return just the IP address.

Or you could loop over possible interface names, starting with a suffix, i.e. en:

for NUMBER in $(seq 0 5); do
    ip=`ipconfig getifaddr en$NUMBER`
    if [ -n "$ip" ]; then
        myip="$ip"
        break
    fi
done

echo $myip

Also, getting the IP address becomes non-deterministic in case both a cable and wifi connections are established, when a machine has more than one ethernet interfaces, or when VPN tunnels are up.

Getting the external IP

If you need the external IP, then you can query a text-mode service, for example curl https://ipecho.net/plain would return a plain text external IP.

A faster alternative is to query a known DNS server, e.g.:

dig @ns1-1.akamaitech.net ANY whoami.akamai.net +short

#!/bin/sh
# Tested on Ubuntu 18.04 and Alpine Linux 
# List IPS of following network interfaces:
# virtual host interfaces
# PCI interfaces
# USB interfaces
# ACPI interfaces
# ETH interfaces
for NETWORK_INTERFACE in $(ls /sys/class/net -al | grep -iE "(/eth[0-9]+$|vif|pci|acpi|usb)" | sed -E "s@.* ([^ ]*) ->.*@\1@"); do 
    IPV4_ADDRESSES=$(ifconfig $NETWORK_INTERFACE | grep -iE '(inet addr[: ]+|inet[: ]+)' | sed -E "s@\s*(inet addr[: ]+|inet[: ]+)([^ ]*) .*@\2@")
    IPV6_ADDRESSES=$(ifconfig $NETWORK_INTERFACE | grep -iE '(inet6 addr[: ]+|inet6[: ]+)' | sed -E "s@\s*(inet6 addr[: ]+|inet6[: ]+)([^ ]*) .*@\2@")
    if [ -n "$IPV4_ADDRESSES" ] || [ -n "$IPV6_ADDRESSES" ]; then
        echo "NETWORK INTERFACE=$NETWORK_INTERFACE"
        for IPV4_ADDRESS in $IPV4_ADDRESSES; do 
            echo "IPV4=$IPV4_ADDRESS"
        done
        for IPV6_ADDRESS in $IPV6_ADDRESSES; do 
            echo "IPV6=$IPV6_ADDRESS"
        done
    fi
done

Few answers appear to be using the newer ip command (replacement for ifconfig) so here is one that uses ip addr, grep, and awk to simply print the IPv4 address associated with the wlan0 interface:

ip addr show wlan0|grep inet|grep -v inet6|awk '{print $2}'|awk '{split($0,a,"/"); print a[1]}'

While not the most compact or fancy solution, it is (arguably) easy to understand (see explanation below) and modify for other purposes, such as getting the last 3 octets of the MAC address like this:

ip addr show wlan0|grep link/ether|awk '{print $2}'|awk '{split($0,mac,":"); print mac[4] mac[5] mac[6]}'

Explanation: ip addr show wlan0 outputs information associated with the network interface named wlan0, which should be similar to this:

4: wlan0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000
    link/ether dc:a6:32:04:06:ab brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 172.18.18.1/24 brd 172.18.18.255 scope global noprefixroute wlan0
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 fe80::d340:5e4b:78e0:90f/64 scope link 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

Next grep inet filters out the lines that don't contain "inet" (IPv4 and IPv6 configuration) and grep -v inet6 filters out the remaining lines that do contain "inet6", which should result in a single line like this one:

    inet 172.18.18.1/24 brd 172.18.18.255 scope global noprefixroute wlan0

Finally, the first awk extract the "172.18.18.1/24" field and the second removes the network mask shorthand, leaving just the IPv4 address.

Also, I think it's worth mentioning that if you are scripting then there are often many richer and/or more robust tools for obtaining this information, which you might want to use instead. For example, if using Node.js there is ipaddr-linux, if using Ruby there is linux-ip-parser, etc.

See also https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/119269/how-to-get-ip-address-using-shell-script

curl ifconfig.co 

This returns only the ip address of your system.

That would do the trick in a Mac :

ping $(ifconfig en0 | awk '$1 == "inet" {print $2}')

That resolved to ping 192.168.1.2 in my machine.

Pro tip: $(...) means run whatever is inside the parentheses in a subshell and return that as the value.

Command ifconfig is deprected and you should use ip command on Linux.

Also ip a will give you scope on the same line as IP so it's easier to use.

This command will show you your global (external) IP:

ip a | grep "scope global" | grep -Po '(?<=inet )[\d.]+'

All IPv4 (also 127.0.0.1):

ip a | grep "scope" | grep -Po '(?<=inet )[\d.]+'

All IPv6 (also ::1):

ip a | grep "scope" | grep -Po '(?<=inet6 )[\da-z:]+'

ip addr|awk '/eth0/ && /inet/ {gsub(/\/[0-9][0-9]/,""); print $2}'

shows all your ips

In man hostname there is even more easier way which automatically excluding loopback IP and showing only space separated list of all assigned to host ip addresses:

root@srv:~# hostname --all-ip-addresses
11.12.13.14 192.168.15.19 

root@srv:~# ip a
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 16436 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN
   link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
   inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
   inet6 ::1/128 scope host 
   valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: venet0: <BROADCAST,POINTOPOINT,NOARP,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN 
  link/void 
  inet 11.12.13.14/32 scope global venet0:0
  inet 192.168.15.19/32 scope global venet0:1

To print only the IP address of eth0, without other text:

ifconfig eth0 | grep -Po '(?<=inet addr:)[\d.]+'

To determine your primary interface (because it might not be "eth0"), use:

route | grep ^default | sed "s/.* //"

The above two lines can be combined into a single command like this:

ifconfig `route | grep ^default | sed "s/.* //"` \
  | grep -Po '(?<=inet addr:)[\d.]+'

I prefer not to use awk and such in scripts.. ip has the option to output in JSON.

If you leave out $interface then you get all of the ip addresses:

ip -json addr show $interface | \
  jq -r '.[] | .addr_info[] | select(.family == "inet") | .local'

Use the following command:

/sbin/ifconfig $(netstat -nr | tail -1 | awk '{print $NF}') | awk -F: '/inet /{print $2}' | cut -f1 -d ' '