[java] When should we use Observer and Observable?

If the interviewer asks to implement Observer design pattern without using Observer classes and interfaces, you can use the following simple example!

MyObserver as observer interface

interface MyObserver {

    void update(MyObservable o, Object arg);
}

MyObservable as Observable class

class MyObservable
{
    ArrayList<MyObserver> myObserverList = new ArrayList<MyObserver>();

    boolean changeFlag = false;

    public void notifyObservers(Object o)
    {
        if (hasChanged())
        {
            for(MyObserver mo : myObserverList) {
                mo.update(this, o);
            }
            clearChanged();
        }
    }


    public void addObserver(MyObserver o) {
        myObserverList.add(o);        
    }

    public void setChanged() {
        changeFlag = true;
    }

    public boolean hasChanged() {
        return changeFlag;
    }

    protected void clearChanged() {
        changeFlag = false;
    }

    // ...
}

Your example with MyObserver and MyObservable!

class MessageBoard extends MyObservable {
  private String message;

  public String getMessage() {
    return message;
  }

  public void changeMessage(String message) {
    this.message = message;
    setChanged();
    notifyObservers(message);
  }

  public static void main(String[] args) {
    MessageBoard board = new MessageBoard();
    Student bob = new Student();
    Student joe = new Student();
    board.addObserver(bob);
    board.addObserver(joe);
    board.changeMessage("More Homework!");
  }
}

class Student implements MyObserver {

  @Override
  public void update(MyObservable o, Object arg) {
    System.out.println("Message board changed: " + arg);
  }

}

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When should we use Observer and Observable?