Hook up Raspberry Pi via Ethernet to laptop without router

Question

I m working on a balloon project with a Raspberry Pi  When we potentially recover the Raspberry Pi  it will most likely be in a rural location and I d like to turn off the Pi at that point safely   Without a router or network nearby  I was wondering if there is a way to hook up a Raspberry Pi with an Ethernet cable directly to a laptop

User · Answer

Configure static ip for your laptop and raspberry pi. On the rapberryPI configure it as following.

pi@rpi>sudo nano /etc/network/interfaces

Then configure following as required to connect to your laptop.

iface eth0 inet static

address 192.168.1.81

netmask 255.255.255.0

broadcast 192.168.1.255

User · Answer

It s a solution for Ubuntu  the idea also works for Windows or Mac  I just tried today and it works like a charm   Material   a cross-over Ethernet cable  the name is fancy but it s just a normal Ethernet cable  a laptop  ubuntu   a Raspberry Pi  I have the Pi2    Prerequisites on your ubuntu   Install network-manager    sudo apt-get install network-manager Install nmap   sudo apt-get install nmap   Edit Wired connection on your laptop  Ubuntu    Change IpV4 settings to  Share to other computers   Save the setting Reboot your laptop   Share WiFi connection of your laptop via Ethernet crossover cable   Hook up your RPi with your laptop using the Ethernet cable  Look up the broadcast address of the Ethernet connection  Laptop        sbin ifconfig eth1   grep  Bcast    awk -F    print  3     awk   print  1   10 42 0 255   Use this address to find out the IP address of your RPi  it s 10 42 0 96 in my case because 10 42 0 1 is my laptop   nmap -n -sP 10 42 0 255 24      Starting Nmap 6 40   http   nmap org   at 2016-02-20 23 07 CET   Nmap scan report for 10 42 0 1   Host is up  0 00031s latency     Nmap scan report for 10 42 0 96   Host is up  0 0023s latency     Nmap done  256 IP addresses  2 hosts up  scanned in 2 71 seconds     Login to your RPi from your laptop  -Y with X-forwarding     ssh -Y pi 10 42 0 96  Lo and behold  Now your RPi is connected to your laptop and RPi can share the WiFi connection   pi raspberrypi       Share display  amp  keyboard of your laptop with RPi   Install vncserver on Raspberry Pi     sudo apt-get update    sudo apt-get install tightvncserver  Install vncviewer on your laptop by downloading RealVNC  it supports multiple platforms   http   www realvnc com download vnc  To be able to copy  amp  paste from VNC server  lt --  VNC viewer  you need to install autocutsel on your RPi     sudo apt-get install autocutsel  If this site doesn t work  try to download the  deb directly from a mirror site  e g  mirror hmc edu debian pool main a autocutsel autocutsel 0 10 0-1 armhf deb and install it   sudo dpkg -i autocutsel 0 10 0-1 armhf deb   Start vncserver on your RPi  You have to restart vncserver after installing autocutsel  you can issue  vncserver -kill  1    vncserver  1 Add autocutsel -fork to   home pi  vnc xstartup         bin sh  xrdb  HOME  Xresources xsetroot -solid grey   autocutsel -fork   x-terminal-emulator -geometry 80x24 10 10 -ls -title   VNCDESKTOP Desktop   amp    x-window-manager  amp     Fix to make GNOME work   export XKL XMODMAP DISABLE 1    etc X11 Xsession     Start vncviewer on your laptop   vncviewer A vncviewer window will pop up and type in the IP address of your RPi  given by your laptop  followed by port 1  which is your VNC server  for example  10 42 0 96 1 in my case   Connect it to the vncserver hosted on your RPi by typing in a password  set up a password yourself   12 Now you can see the desktop of RPi on your laptop  and I opened my browser to show the shared WiFi connection is working as well    See Raspberry Pi desktop on your ubuntu

User · Answer

What worked for me was a combination of the answers from Nicole Finnie and Ciro Santilli along with some answers from elsewhere   Setting up the pi  We will need to do two things  activate ssh on the pi  and configure the pi to use a static ip   Activating ssh  Add a file called ssh in the boot partition of the sd card  not the  boot folder in the root partition   This is well documented other places   Static ip  Open  etc dhcpcd conf on the pi s SD-card  and uncomment the example for a static ip  starts around line 40   Set the addresses to    Example static IP configuration  interface eth0 static ip address 10 42 0 182 24 static routers 10 42 0 1 static domain name servers 10 42 0 1 8 8 8 8 fd51 42f8 caae d92e  1   Setting up your laptop  First  make sure you have networkmanager  with GUI  installed on your laptop  Then  make sure dnsmasq is not running as a service  systemctl status dnsmasq If this command prints that the service is stopped  then you re good   Next we have to config networkmanager  Open  etc NetworkManager NetworkManager conf and add the following two lines at the top      main  DNS dnsmasq   Then reboot  This step might not be necessary  It might be sufficient to restart the NetworkManager service  Now go to the NetworkManager GUI  usually accessed by an icon in the corner of the screen  and choose Edit Connections    In the window that pops up  click the   icon to create a new connection  Choose Ethernet as the type and press Create     Go to the IPv4 Settings tab and select the method Shared to other computers  Give the connection a good name and save   Connect the Raspberry Pi and make sure your laptop is using your new connection as its ethernet connection  If it is  your pi should now have an ip given to it by your pc  You can find this by first running ifconfig  This should give you several blocks of text  one for each network interface  You re interested in the one that is something like enp0s25 or eth0  It should have a line that reads something similar to inet 10 42 0 1  netmask 255 255 255 0  broadcast 10 42 0 255 look at the broadcast address  in this case 10 42 0 255   If it is different than mine  power off the pi and put the SD card back in your laptop to change the static ip address to something where the first three numbers are the same as in your broadcast address  Also change the static routers and the first of the domain name servers to your laptop s inet address  Power the pi back on and connect it  Run ifconfig again to see that the addresses have not changed   ssh into the pi  ssh pi 10 42 0 182 If you get connection refused  the pi isn t running an ssh server  If you get host unreachable  I m sorry   Hope this helps someone

User · Answer

You don t need a cross-over cable  You can use a normal network cable since the Raspberry Pi LAN chip is smart enough to reconfigure itself for direct network connections  Cheers

User · Answer

No router   no screen   regular Ethernet cable   RPI 2   Raspbian Lite 2018-11-13   Ubuntu 18 10  First we must enable the SSH server on the Pi  which is disabled by default for security   If you already have a shell on the Pi through a non-SSH method such as screen   keyboard or UART  see below   just run   sudo systemctl enable ssh sudo service sshd start   as explained at  https   raspberrypi stackexchange com questions 58478 ssh-not-working-with-fresh-install This persists across boots   Otherwise  insert he SD card on your host  and create a magic empty file named ssh file in the boot  partition   On Ubuntu hosts  it gets mounted automatically and you can do just   sudo touch  media  USER boot ssh   which you can confirm with   lsblk   which contains   mmcblk0     179 0    0  14 4G  0 disk  -mmcblk0p1 179 1    0  43 9M  0 part  media ciro boot  -mmcblk0p2 179 2    0  14 4G  0 part  media ciro rootfs   If you don t enable the SSHD daemon on the Pi then SSH connection will fail with   ssh  connect to host 10 42 0 160 port 22  Connection refused   when we try it later on   After enabling the SSH server  Next  boot the Pi  and link an Ethernet cable from your laptop directly to the Pi     On Ubuntu 17 04 to work around this bug as mentioned on this answer you first need   sudo apt-get install dnsmasq-base   On the host  open the network manager   nm-connection-editor   And go      sign  Add a new connection  Ethernet Create IPv4 Settings Method  Shared to other computers Set a good name for it Save     Find the IP of the Pi on host   cat  var lib misc dnsmasq leases   outputs something like   1532204957 b8 27 eb 0c 1f 69 10 42 0 160 raspberrypi 01 b8 27 eb 0c 1f 69   10 42 0 160 is the IP  then as usual   ssh pi 10 42 0 160   I also have the following in my  bashrc   piip     cat  var lib misc dnsmasq leases   cut -d     -f 3    pissh     sshpass -p raspberry ssh  pi   piip        From inside the Pi  notice that it can access the internet normally through your host s other interfaces   ping google com   For example on my laptop  the Pi takes up the Ethernet  but the host is also connected to the internet through WiFi   The crossover cable is not required if the host network card supports Auto MDI-X  This is the case for most recent hardware  including for example the 2012 Lenovo T430 I tested with  which has an  Intel   82579LM Gigabit Network Connection  which documents support for Auto MDI-X   Now you can also    access the Internet from the PI through your Ubuntu s Wifi connection open a VNC to get rid of the display as well  https   raspberrypi stackexchange com questions 14611 how-to-set-up-raspberry-pi-without-a-monitor 54393 54393   UART serial USB converter  This is an alternative to SSH if you just want to get a shell on the Pi  https   en wikipedia org wiki Serial port  This does not use SSH or networking itself  but rather the older  simpler  more direct  more reliable  lower bandwidth  lower distance serial interface  The Pi won t have access to the Internet with this method   Desktop computers still have a serial port which you can connect directly wire to wire with the Pi  but these are hidden in most laptops  and so we need to buy a cheap USB adapter  Here I ve used  https   www amazon co uk gp product B072K3Z3TL See also  https   unix stackexchange com questions 307390 what-is-the-difference-between-ttys0-ttyusb0-and-ttyama0-in-linux 367882 367882   First plug the SD card on the host  and edit the config txt file present in the first partition to add   enable uart 1   as explained at  https   www raspberrypi org forums viewtopic php f 28 amp t 141195  This first partition contains the bootloader  its configuration files and the  Linux   your  kernel  config txt being one of them  The second partition contains the actual Linux root filesystem   Now connect your computer to the Pi as     You only need to attach 3 cables    Ground to Ground Tx on Pi to Rx on the USB to serial port Rx on Pi to Tx on tye USB to serial port   This is also documented at  https   www raspberrypi org documentation usage gpio README md  Be careful not to link the Ground to the 5V  I ve already burned 2 UART to USB chips and a RPI UART by doing that   You don t need to connect the 5V to the 5V at all  I think you can power your Pi like that  but I ve read that this is a bad idea  just use the usual USB power source   Finally  plug the USB side of the connector to your host computer  and get a shell with   sudo apt install screen sudo usermod -a -G dialout  USER screen  dev ttyUSB0 115200   Exit with Ctrl-A     Here is a video by Adafruit showing it  https   www youtube com watch v zUBPeoLW16Q  See also  Similar question on RPI SE  https   raspberrypi stackexchange com questions 3867 ssh-to-rpi-without-a-network-connection

User · Answer

I ve just implemented and test this successfully  Same situation with my project  want to connect to a Raspberry Pi with no router or wifi  Just a simple ethernet cable   Using ssh putty program put the address as  raspberrypi local  Log and in and you can access the terminal   Alternatively if VNC server is setup  use VNC server and put  raspberrypi local 1  In the server address  input your VNC server password and you ve now got GUI access to do what you want    In may case it was run scripts in a remote location  In the posters situation  safely shutdown the Pi  Simples Pimples

User · Answer

configure static ip on the raspberry pi   sudo nano  etc network interfaces   and then add   iface eth0 inet static      address 169 254 0 2      netmask 255 255 255 0      broadcast 169 254 0 255   then you can acces your raspberry via ssh  ssh pi 169 254 0 2

User · Answer

Yes  you can connect the raspberry direct to your PC without router   For this is necessary that the raspberry and your computer are on the same subnet  and they both have a static ip configured  And an Ethernet cable connected between the two devices    An ideal configuration would be the following   Raspberry on eth0   IP  192 168 1 10 SubNet  255 255 255 0  Your PC  IP  192 168 1 11 SubNet 255 255 255 0  To set a manual IP on raspberry you can follow this guide  In your PC you can set a manual IP in the network adapter settings and the procedure depends on your operating system   When you have configured the two static IP  you can connect to the raspberry via SSH using the IP set  192 168 1 10    Another simpler method is to attach on GPIO a button to turn off the raspberry  Take a look here

User · Answer

You could use a cross-over ethernet cable - http   en wikipedia org wiki Ethernet crossover cable  Assuming your RPi is a DCHP Client  then best to run a simple DHCP server on your notebook to assign the RPi an IP address

User · Answer

Here are the instructions for Windows users on connecting to a RPi by using just an Ethernet cable and a DHCP server  There is no need for a cross over cable  as the RPi can handle it  I have a blog post that documents this with pictures here which may be easier to follow   Downloads  Download the DHCP Server for Windows  download link is here   Unzip the zip file and open the dhcpwiz application  which will configure the DHCP server   DHCP Server Configuration  Hit next on the first screen   On the second screen  look for a  Local Area Connection  row and verify its IP address is 0 0 0 0 and its status is enabled  Connect the Ethernet cable from the RPi to your laptop  and turn on the Pi  Hit refresh on this screen until the IP address changes to 169 254      If it is anything else then you should alter your network settings for the Local Area Connection  make sure it is not a static IP DNS   Click on this Local Area Connection row and hit next   Check HTTP  Web Server   This makes it much more easy to locate the RPi s IP address  Hit Next   Take the defaults and hit Next until you get to the Writing the INI file screen  Check Overwrite existing file and hit the Write INI file button  Then hit Next   On the final screen  check Run DHCP server immediately and hit  Finish   DHCP Server and Obtaining the IP Address of your Raspberry PI  This launches the actual DHCP server  using the configuration you just created in the previous wizard  Click the Continue as tray app button  and the DHCP server will be minimized to your system tray   Anywhere from 1 second to 5 minutes from now you will see an alert on the system tray with your laptop and your RPi s new IP address  This alert is really quick and you will probably miss it  Normally your RPi s IP is 169 254 0 2  but it could be   01 or even something else  It is easier to access the DHCP server s web UI at http   localhost dhcpstatus xml  This will list the hostname as  raspberrypi  with its IP address   Now you can putty or remote desktop into your RPi  and configure its wireless settings or whatever you want to do   Trouble shooting  This can be somewhat finicky  I ve had my connection appear to drop and have been unable to SSH back in using the IP address  Normally  I can restart the Pi and get the IP address again  Sometimes I have to restart both the RPi and the DHCP server  Sometimes I have to do this multiple times  At one point when I wasn t getting a connection for 15 minutes  I copied all of the files in the dhcpsrv2 5 1 folder to a new folder and tried again  it immediately worked

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