I answered a similar question here: AngularJS Authentication + RESTful API
I've written an AngularJS module for UserApp that supports protected/public routes, rerouting on login/logout, heartbeats for status checks, stores the session token in a cookie, events, etc.
You could either:
https://github.com/userapp-io/userapp-angular
If you use UserApp, you won't have to write any server-side code for the user stuff (more than validating a token). Take the course on Codecademy to try it out.
Here's some examples of how it works:
How to specify which routes that should be public, and which route that is the login form:
$routeProvider.when('/login', {templateUrl: 'partials/login.html', public: true, login: true});
$routeProvider.when('/signup', {templateUrl: 'partials/signup.html', public: true});
$routeProvider.when('/home', {templateUrl: 'partials/home.html'});
The .otherwise() route should be set to where you want your users to be redirected after login. Example:
$routeProvider.otherwise({redirectTo: '/home'});
Login form with error handling:
<form ua-login ua-error="error-msg">
<input name="login" placeholder="Username"><br>
<input name="password" placeholder="Password" type="password"><br>
<button type="submit">Log in</button>
<p id="error-msg"></p>
</form>
Signup form with error handling:
<form ua-signup ua-error="error-msg">
<input name="first_name" placeholder="Your name"><br>
<input name="login" ua-is-email placeholder="Email"><br>
<input name="password" placeholder="Password" type="password"><br>
<button type="submit">Create account</button>
<p id="error-msg"></p>
</form>
Log out link:
<a href="#" ua-logout>Log Out</a>
(Ends the session and redirects to the login route)
Access user properties:
User properties are accessed using the user service, e.g: user.current.email
Or in the template: <span>{{ user.email }}</span>
Hide elements that should only be visible when logged in:
<div ng-show="user.authorized">Welcome {{ user.first_name }}!</div>
Show an element based on permissions:
<div ua-has-permission="admin">You are an admin</div>
And to authenticate to your back-end services, just use user.token() to get the session token and send it with the AJAX request. At the back-end, use the UserApp API (if you use UserApp) to check if the token is valid or not.
If you need any help, just let me know!