CertPathValidatorException Trust anchor for certificate path not found - Retrofit Android

Question

I am creating an android application which uses https for communication with the server  I am using retrofit and OkHttp for making requests  These works fine for standard http requests  The following are the steps that I followed   Step 1   Acquired the cert file from the server using the command  echo -n   openssl s client -connect api      tk 443   sed -ne   -BEGIN CERTIFICATE-   -END CERTIFICATE- p   gt  gtux cert   Step 2   Converted the cert to a BKS format by using the following commands  keytool -importcert -v -trustcacerts -file  gtux cert  -alias imeto alias -keystore  my keystore bks  -provider org bouncycastle jce provider BouncyCastleProvider -providerpath  bcprov-jdk16-146 jar  -storetype BKS   It asked me for password and the file was successfully created   Step 3    Create a OkHttpClient and use the same for making https requests  public class MySSLTrust   public static OkHttpClient trustcert Context context       OkHttpClient okHttpClient   new OkHttpClient        try           KeyStore ksTrust   KeyStore getInstance  BKS            InputStream instream   context getResources   openRawResource R raw my keystore           ksTrust load instream   secret  toCharArray                TrustManager decides which certificate authorities to use          TrustManagerFactory tmf   TrustManagerFactory                  getInstance TrustManagerFactory getDefaultAlgorithm             tmf init ksTrust           SSLContext sslContext   SSLContext getInstance  TLS            sslContext init null  tmf getTrustManagers    null           okHttpClient setSslSocketFactory sslContext getSocketFactory           catch  KeyStoreException   IOException   NoSuchAlgorithmException   CertificateException   KeyManagementException e            e printStackTrace              return okHttpClient        Step 4   RestAdapter has to be created  RestAdapter Builder    setRequestInterceptor intercept   setEndpoint  https   api      tk    setClient new OkClient this    setLogLevel RestAdapter LogLevel FULL   setLog new AndroidLog  RETROFIT     build      But finally when run the app it is throwing me CertPathValidatorException   Trust anchor for certificate path not found  Please help me to solve this  Thank you    Other failure attempts   Tried to install the certificate in my Xperia Z2 and it says the file was installed but when i run the app the same exception is thrown    Error Log Here is the error log that I got on executing      Error Log  Pasted there so that it will be easy to read

User · Answer

You are converting cert into BKS Keystore  why aren t you using  cert directly  from https   developer android com training articles security-ssl html   CertificateFactory cf   CertificateFactory getInstance  X 509    InputStream instream   context getResources   openRawResource R raw gtux cert   Certificate ca  try       ca   cf generateCertificate instream     finally       caInput close       KeyStore kStore   KeyStore getInstance KeyStore getDefaultType     kStore load null  null   kStore setCertificateEntry  ca   ca    TrustManagerFactory tmf   TrustManagerFactory getInstance TrustManagerFactory getDefaultAlgorithm      tmf init kStore    SSLContext context   SSLContext getInstance  TLS    context init null  tmf getTrustManagers    null    okHttpClient setSslSocketFactory context getSocketFactory

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DISCLAIMER  this answer is from Jul 2015 and uses Retrofit and OkHttp from that time    Check this link for more info on Retrofit v2 and this one for the current OkHttp methods    Okay  I got it working using Android Developers guide   Just as OP  I m trying to use Retrofit and OkHttp to connect to a self-signed SSL-enabled server   Here s the code that got things working  I ve removed the try catch blocks    public static RestAdapter createAdapter Context context         loading CAs from an InputStream   CertificateFactory cf   CertificateFactory getInstance  X 509      InputStream cert   context getResources   openRawResource R raw my cert     Certificate ca    try       ca   cf generateCertificate cert       finally   cert close            creating a KeyStore containing our trusted CAs   String keyStoreType   KeyStore getDefaultType      KeyStore keyStore   KeyStore getInstance keyStoreType     keyStore load null  null     keyStore setCertificateEntry  ca   ca         creating a TrustManager that trusts the CAs in our KeyStore   String tmfAlgorithm   TrustManagerFactory getDefaultAlgorithm      TrustManagerFactory tmf   TrustManagerFactory getInstance tmfAlgorithm     tmf init keyStore         creating an SSLSocketFactory that uses our TrustManager   SSLContext sslContext   SSLContext getInstance  TLS      sslContext init null  tmf getTrustManagers    null         creating an OkHttpClient that uses our SSLSocketFactory   OkHttpClient okHttpClient   new OkHttpClient      okHttpClient setSslSocketFactory sslContext getSocketFactory           creating a RestAdapter that uses this custom client   return new RestAdapter Builder                  setEndpoint UrlRepository API BASE                 setClient new OkClient okHttpClient                  build        To help in debugging  I also added  setLogLevel RestAdapter LogLevel FULL  to my RestAdapter creation commands and I could see it connecting and getting the response from the server   All it took was my original  crt file saved in main res raw  The  crt file  aka the certificate  is one of the two files created when you create a certificate using openssl  Generally  it is a  crt or  cert file  while the other is a  key file    Afaik  the  crt file is your public key and the  key file is your private key   As I can see  you already have a  cert file  which is the same  so try to use it     PS  For those that read it in the future and only have a  pem file  according to this answer  you only need this to convert one to the other   openssl x509 -outform der -in your-cert pem -out your-cert crt     PS    For those that don t have any file at all  you can use the following command  bash  to extract the public key  aka certificate  from any server   echo -n   openssl s client -connect your server com 443       sed -ne   -BEGIN CERTIFICATE-   -END CERTIFICATE- p   gt    my cert crt   Just replace the your server com and the port  if it is not standard HTTPS  and choose a valid path for your output file to be created

User · Answer

Use the below code to solve the CertPathValidatorException issue     Retrofit retrofit   new Retrofit Builder            baseUrl YOUR BASE URL           client getUnsafeOkHttpClient   build             build        public static OkHttpClient Builder getUnsafeOkHttpClient          try              Create a trust manager that does not validate certificate chains         final TrustManager   trustAllCerts   new TrustManager                    new X509TrustManager                          Override                     public void checkClientTrusted java security cert X509Certificate   chain  String authType  throws CertificateException                                               Override                     public void checkServerTrusted java security cert X509Certificate   chain  String authType  throws CertificateException                                               Override                     public java security cert X509Certificate   getAcceptedIssuers                             return new java security cert X509Certificate                                                                     Install the all-trusting trust manager         final SSLContext sslContext   SSLContext getInstance  SSL            sslContext init null  trustAllCerts  new java security SecureRandom                 Create an ssl socket factory with our all-trusting manager         final SSLSocketFactory sslSocketFactory   sslContext getSocketFactory             OkHttpClient Builder builder   new OkHttpClient Builder            builder sslSocketFactory sslSocketFactory   X509TrustManager  trustAllCerts 0            builder hostnameVerifier new HostnameVerifier                  Override             public boolean verify String hostname  SSLSession session                    return true                                    return builder        catch  Exception e            throw new RuntimeException e             For more details visit https   mobikul com android-retrofit-handling-sslhandshakeexception

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Implementation in Kotlin   Retrofit 2 3 0  private fun getUnsafeOkHttpClient mContext  Context     OkHttpClient Builder      var mCertificateFactory   CertificateFactory    CertificateFactory getInstance  X 509   var mInputStream   mContext resources openRawResource R raw cert              var mCertificate   Certificate   mCertificateFactory generateCertificate mInputStream          mInputStream close   val mKeyStoreType   KeyStore getDefaultType   val mKeyStore   KeyStore getInstance mKeyStoreType  mKeyStore load null  null  mKeyStore setCertificateEntry  ca   mCertificate   val mTmfAlgorithm   TrustManagerFactory getDefaultAlgorithm   val mTrustManagerFactory   TrustManagerFactory getInstance mTmfAlgorithm  mTrustManagerFactory init mKeyStore   val mTrustManagers   mTrustManagerFactory trustManagers  val mSslContext   SSLContext getInstance  SSL   mSslContext init null  mTrustManagers  null  val mSslSocketFactory   mSslContext socketFactory  val builder   OkHttpClient Builder   builder sslSocketFactory mSslSocketFactory  mTrustManagers 0  as X509TrustManager  builder hostnameVerifier        - gt  true   return builder

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I don t use Retrofit and for OkHttp here is the only solution for self-signed certificate that worked for me    Get a certificate from our site like in Gowtham s question and put it into res raw dir of the project   echo -n   openssl s client -connect elkews com 443   sed -ne   -BEGIN CERTIFICATE-   -END CERTIFICATE- p   gt    res raw elkews cert crt  Use Paulo answer to set ssl factory  nowadays using OkHttpClient Builder    but without RestAdapter creation  Then add the following solution to fix  SSLPeerUnverifiedException  Hostname not verified   So the end of Paulo s code  after sslContext initialization  that is working for me looks like the following       OkHttpClient Builder builder   new OkHttpClient Builder   sslSocketFactory sslContext getSocketFactory     builder hostnameVerifier new HostnameVerifier        Override   public boolean verify String hostname  SSLSession session        return  secure elkews com  equalsIgnoreCase hostname       OkHttpClient okHttpClient   builder build

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After a long reserch and digging too deep i found the solution of certificate pinning in android and yes its different from iOS where we need a certificate itself but in android we just need a hash pin and that s it    How to get hash pin for certificate   Initially just use a wrong hash pin and your java class will throw an error with correct hash pins or pin chain  just copy and paste into your code thats it   This solution fixed my problem   https   stackoverflow com a 45853669 3448003

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Retrofit 2 3 0         Load CAs from an InputStream     CertificateFactory certificateFactory   CertificateFactory getInstance  X 509         InputStream inputStream   context getResources   openRawResource R raw ssl certificate       crt      Certificate certificate   certificateFactory generateCertificate inputStream       inputStream close            Create a KeyStore containing our trusted CAs     String keyStoreType   KeyStore getDefaultType        KeyStore keyStore   KeyStore getInstance keyStoreType       keyStore load null  null       keyStore setCertificateEntry  ca   certificate           Create a TrustManager that trusts the CAs in our KeyStore      String tmfAlgorithm   TrustManagerFactory getDefaultAlgorithm        TrustManagerFactory trustManagerFactory   TrustManagerFactory getInstance tmfAlgorithm       trustManagerFactory init keyStore        TrustManager   trustManagers   trustManagerFactory getTrustManagers        X509TrustManager x509TrustManager    X509TrustManager  trustManagers 0            Create an SSLSocketFactory that uses our TrustManager     SSLContext sslContext   SSLContext getInstance  SSL        sslContext init null  new TrustManager   x509TrustManager   null       sslSocketFactory   sslContext getSocketFactory           create Okhttp client     OkHttpClient client   new OkHttpClient Builder                    sslSocketFactory sslSocketFactory x509TrustManager                   build         Retrofit retrofit   new Retrofit Builder                        baseUrl url                       addConverterFactory GsonConverterFactory create                         client client                       build

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Here is Kotlin version  Thanks you              fun unSafeOkHttpClient    OkHttpClient Builder               val okHttpClient   OkHttpClient Builder               try                      Create a trust manager that does not validate certificate chains                 val trustAllCerts   Array lt TrustManager gt    arrayOf object   X509TrustManager                       override fun checkClientTrusted chain  Array lt out X509Certificate gt    authType  String                         override fun checkServerTrusted chain  Array lt out X509Certificate gt    authType  String                          override fun getAcceptedIssuers    Array lt X509Certificate gt     arrayOf                                          Install the all-trusting trust manager                 val  sslContext   SSLContext getInstance  SSL                   sslContext init null  trustAllCerts  SecureRandom                        Create an ssl socket factory with our all-trusting manager                 val sslSocketFactory   sslContext socketFactory                 if  trustAllCerts isNotEmpty    amp  amp   trustAllCerts first   is X509TrustManager                        okHttpClient sslSocketFactory sslSocketFactory  trustAllCerts first   as X509TrustManager                      okHttpClient hostnameVerifier        - gt  true                                      return okHttpClient               catch  e  Exception                    return okHttpClient

[android] CertPathValidatorException : Trust anchor for certificate path not found - Retrofit Android

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