I normally use the following idiom to check if a String can be converted to an integer.
public boolean isInteger( String input ) {
try {
Integer.parseInt( input );
return true;
}
catch( Exception e ) {
return false;
}
}
Is it just me, or does this seem a bit hackish? What's a better way?
See my answer (with benchmarks, based on the earlier answer by CodingWithSpike) to see why I've reversed my position and accepted Jonas Klemming's answer to this problem. I think this original code will be used by most people because it's quicker to implement, and more maintainable, but it's orders of magnitude slower when non-integer data is provided.
I copied the code from rally25rs answer and added some tests for non-integer data. The results are undeniably in favor of the method posted by Jonas Klemming. The results for the Exception method that I originally posted are pretty good when you have integer data, but they're the worst when you don't, while the results for the RegEx solution (that I'll bet a lot of people use) were consistently bad. See Felipe's answer for a compiled regex example, which is much faster.
public void runTests()
{
String big_int = "1234567890";
String non_int = "1234XY7890";
long startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
for(int i = 0; i < 100000; i++)
IsInt_ByException(big_int);
long endTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
System.out.print("ByException - integer data: ");
System.out.println(endTime - startTime);
startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
for(int i = 0; i < 100000; i++)
IsInt_ByException(non_int);
endTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
System.out.print("ByException - non-integer data: ");
System.out.println(endTime - startTime);
startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
for(int i = 0; i < 100000; i++)
IsInt_ByRegex(big_int);
endTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
System.out.print("\nByRegex - integer data: ");
System.out.println(endTime - startTime);
startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
for(int i = 0; i < 100000; i++)
IsInt_ByRegex(non_int);
endTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
System.out.print("ByRegex - non-integer data: ");
System.out.println(endTime - startTime);
startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
for(int i = 0; i < 100000; i++)
IsInt_ByJonas(big_int);
endTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
System.out.print("\nByJonas - integer data: ");
System.out.println(endTime - startTime);
startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
for(int i = 0; i < 100000; i++)
IsInt_ByJonas(non_int);
endTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
System.out.print("ByJonas - non-integer data: ");
System.out.println(endTime - startTime);
}
private boolean IsInt_ByException(String str)
{
try
{
Integer.parseInt(str);
return true;
}
catch(NumberFormatException nfe)
{
return false;
}
}
private boolean IsInt_ByRegex(String str)
{
return str.matches("^-?\\d+$");
}
public boolean IsInt_ByJonas(String str)
{
if (str == null) {
return false;
}
int length = str.length();
if (length == 0) {
return false;
}
int i = 0;
if (str.charAt(0) == '-') {
if (length == 1) {
return false;
}
i = 1;
}
for (; i < length; i++) {
char c = str.charAt(i);
if (c <= '/' || c >= ':') {
return false;
}
}
return true;
}
Results:
ByException - integer data: 47
ByException - non-integer data: 547
ByRegex - integer data: 390
ByRegex - non-integer data: 313
ByJonas - integer data: 0
ByJonas - non-integer data: 16
How about:
return Pattern.matches("-?\\d+", input);
Did a quick benchmark. Exceptions aren't actually that expensivve, unless you start popping back multiple methods and the JVM has to do a lot of work to get the execution stack in place. When staying in the same method, they aren't bad performers.
public void RunTests()
{
String str = "1234567890";
long startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
for(int i = 0; i < 100000; i++)
IsInt_ByException(str);
long endTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
System.out.print("ByException: ");
System.out.println(endTime - startTime);
startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
for(int i = 0; i < 100000; i++)
IsInt_ByRegex(str);
endTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
System.out.print("ByRegex: ");
System.out.println(endTime - startTime);
startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
for(int i = 0; i < 100000; i++)
IsInt_ByJonas(str);
endTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
System.out.print("ByJonas: ");
System.out.println(endTime - startTime);
}
private boolean IsInt_ByException(String str)
{
try
{
Integer.parseInt(str);
return true;
}
catch(NumberFormatException nfe)
{
return false;
}
}
private boolean IsInt_ByRegex(String str)
{
return str.matches("^-?\\d+$");
}
public boolean IsInt_ByJonas(String str)
{
if (str == null) {
return false;
}
int length = str.length();
if (length == 0) {
return false;
}
int i = 0;
if (str.charAt(0) == '-') {
if (length == 1) {
return false;
}
i = 1;
}
for (; i < length; i++) {
char c = str.charAt(i);
if (c <= '/' || c >= ':') {
return false;
}
}
return true;
}
Output:
ByException: 31
ByRegex: 453 (note: re-compiling the pattern every time)
ByJonas: 16
I do agree that Jonas K's solution is the most robust too. Looks like he wins :)
Since there's possibility that people still visit here and will be biased against Regex after the benchmarks... So i'm gonna give an updated version of the benchmark, with a compiled version of the Regex. Which opposed to the previous benchmarks, this one shows Regex solution actually has consistently good performance.
Copied from Bill the Lizard and updated with compiled version:
private final Pattern pattern = Pattern.compile("^-?\\d+$");
public void runTests() {
String big_int = "1234567890";
String non_int = "1234XY7890";
long startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
for(int i = 0; i < 100000; i++)
IsInt_ByException(big_int);
long endTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
System.out.print("ByException - integer data: ");
System.out.println(endTime - startTime);
startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
for(int i = 0; i < 100000; i++)
IsInt_ByException(non_int);
endTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
System.out.print("ByException - non-integer data: ");
System.out.println(endTime - startTime);
startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
for(int i = 0; i < 100000; i++)
IsInt_ByRegex(big_int);
endTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
System.out.print("\nByRegex - integer data: ");
System.out.println(endTime - startTime);
startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
for(int i = 0; i < 100000; i++)
IsInt_ByRegex(non_int);
endTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
System.out.print("ByRegex - non-integer data: ");
System.out.println(endTime - startTime);
startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
for (int i = 0; i < 100000; i++)
IsInt_ByCompiledRegex(big_int);
endTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
System.out.print("\nByCompiledRegex - integer data: ");
System.out.println(endTime - startTime);
startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
for (int i = 0; i < 100000; i++)
IsInt_ByCompiledRegex(non_int);
endTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
System.out.print("ByCompiledRegex - non-integer data: ");
System.out.println(endTime - startTime);
startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
for(int i = 0; i < 100000; i++)
IsInt_ByJonas(big_int);
endTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
System.out.print("\nByJonas - integer data: ");
System.out.println(endTime - startTime);
startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
for(int i = 0; i < 100000; i++)
IsInt_ByJonas(non_int);
endTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
System.out.print("ByJonas - non-integer data: ");
System.out.println(endTime - startTime);
}
private boolean IsInt_ByException(String str)
{
try
{
Integer.parseInt(str);
return true;
}
catch(NumberFormatException nfe)
{
return false;
}
}
private boolean IsInt_ByRegex(String str)
{
return str.matches("^-?\\d+$");
}
private boolean IsInt_ByCompiledRegex(String str) {
return pattern.matcher(str).find();
}
public boolean IsInt_ByJonas(String str)
{
if (str == null) {
return false;
}
int length = str.length();
if (length == 0) {
return false;
}
int i = 0;
if (str.charAt(0) == '-') {
if (length == 1) {
return false;
}
i = 1;
}
for (; i < length; i++) {
char c = str.charAt(i);
if (c <= '/' || c >= ':') {
return false;
}
}
return true;
}
Results:
ByException - integer data: 45
ByException - non-integer data: 465
ByRegex - integer data: 272
ByRegex - non-integer data: 131
ByCompiledRegex - integer data: 45
ByCompiledRegex - non-integer data: 26
ByJonas - integer data: 8
ByJonas - non-integer data: 2
This is a modification of Jonas' code that checks if the string is within range to be cast into an integer.
public static boolean isInteger(String str) {
if (str == null) {
return false;
}
int length = str.length();
int i = 0;
// set the length and value for highest positive int or lowest negative int
int maxlength = 10;
String maxnum = String.valueOf(Integer.MAX_VALUE);
if (str.charAt(0) == '-') {
maxlength = 11;
i = 1;
maxnum = String.valueOf(Integer.MIN_VALUE);
}
// verify digit length does not exceed int range
if (length > maxlength) {
return false;
}
// verify that all characters are numbers
if (maxlength == 11 && length == 1) {
return false;
}
for (int num = i; num < length; num++) {
char c = str.charAt(num);
if (c < '0' || c > '9') {
return false;
}
}
// verify that number value is within int range
if (length == maxlength) {
for (; i < length; i++) {
if (str.charAt(i) < maxnum.charAt(i)) {
return true;
}
else if (str.charAt(i) > maxnum.charAt(i)) {
return false;
}
}
}
return true;
}
This is shorter, but shorter isn't necessarily better (and it won't catch integer values which are out of range, as pointed out in danatel's comment):
input.matches("^-?\\d+$");
Personally, since the implementation is squirrelled away in a helper method and correctness trumps length, I would just go with something like what you have (minus catching the base Exception class rather than NumberFormatException).
If your String array contains pure Integers and Strings, code below should work. You only have to look at first character. e.g. ["4","44","abc","77","bond"]
if (Character.isDigit(string.charAt(0))) {
//Do something with int
}
For those readers who arrive here like me years after the question was asked, I have a more general solution for this question.
/**
* Checks, if the string represents a number.
*
* @param string the string
* @return true, if the string is a number
*/
public static boolean isANumber(final String string) {
if (string != null) {
final int length = string.length();
if (length != 0) {
int i = 0;
if (string.charAt(0) == '-') {
if (length == 1) {
return false;
}
i++;
}
for (; i < length; i++) {
final char c = string.charAt(i);
if ((c <= PERIOD) || ((c >= COLON))) {
final String strC = Character.toString(c).toUpperCase();
final boolean isExponent = strC.equals("E");
final boolean isPeriod = (c == PERIOD);
final boolean isPlus = (c == PLUS);
if (!isExponent && !isPeriod && !isPlus) {
return false;
}
}
}
return true;
}
}
return false;
}
What you did works, but you probably shouldn't always check that way. Throwing exceptions should be reserved for "exceptional" situations (maybe that fits in your case, though), and are very costly in terms of performance.
You can also use the Scanner class, and use hasNextInt() - and this allows you to test for other types, too, like floats, etc.
It partly depend on what you mean by "can be converted to an integer".
If you mean "can be converted into an int in Java" then the answer from Jonas is a good start, but doesn't quite finish the job. It would pass 999999999999999999999999999999 for example. I would add the normal try/catch call from your own question at the end of the method.
The character-by-character checks will efficiently reject "not an integer at all" cases, leaving "it's an integer but Java can't handle it" cases to be caught by the slower exception route. You could do this bit by hand too, but it would be a lot more complicated.
is_number = true;
try {
Integer.parseInt(mystr)
} catch (NumberFormatException e) {
is_number = false;
}
To check for all int chars, you can simply use a double negative.
if (!searchString.matches("[^0-9]+$")) ...
[^0-9]+$ checks to see if there are any characters that are not integer, so the test fails if it's true. Just NOT that and you get true on success.
Another option:
private boolean isNumber(String s) {
boolean isNumber = true;
for (char c : s.toCharArray()) {
isNumber = isNumber && Character.isDigit(c);
}
return isNumber;
}
Find this may helpful:
public static boolean isInteger(String self) {
try {
Integer.valueOf(self.trim());
return true;
} catch (NumberFormatException nfe) {
return false;
}
}
is_number = true;
try {
Integer.parseInt(mystr)
} catch (NumberFormatException e) {
is_number = false;
}
You could:
longlong value is small enough to be represented by an int(Assuming you for some reason would have to implement this yourself: you should probably first take a look at com.google.common.primitives.Ints.tryParse(String) and see if that is good enough for your purposes (as suggested in another answer).)
// Credit to Rastislav Komara’s answer: https://stackoverflow.com/a/237895/1725151
private static final Pattern nonZero = Pattern.compile("^-?[1-9]\\d*$");
// See if `str` can be parsed as an `int` (does not trim)
// Strings like `0023` are rejected (leading zeros).
public static boolean parsableAsInt(@Nonnull String str) {
if (str.isEmpty()) {
return false;
}
if (str.equals("0")) {
return true;
}
if (canParseAsLong(str)) {
long value = Long.valueOf(str);
if (value >= Integer.MIN_VALUE && value <= Integer.MAX_VALUE) {
return true;
}
}
return false;
}
private static boolean canParseAsLong(String str) {
final int intMaxLength = 11;
return str.length() <= intMaxLength && nonZero.matcher(str).matches();
}
This method can also be converted to return Optional<Integer> so that you don’t have to parse the string twice in the client code (once to check if it’s possible and the second time to do it “for real”). For example:
if (canParseAsLong(str)) {
long value = Long.valueOf(str);
if (value >= Integer.MIN_VALUE && value <= Integer.MAX_VALUE) {
return Optional.of((int) value);
}
}
This is shorter, but shorter isn't necessarily better (and it won't catch integer values which are out of range, as pointed out in danatel's comment):
input.matches("^-?\\d+$");
Personally, since the implementation is squirrelled away in a helper method and correctness trumps length, I would just go with something like what you have (minus catching the base Exception class rather than NumberFormatException).
org.apache.commons.lang.StringUtils.isNumeric
though Java's standard lib really misses such utility functions
I think that Apache Commons is a "must have" for every Java programmer
too bad it isn't ported to Java5 yet
is_number = true;
try {
Integer.parseInt(mystr)
} catch (NumberFormatException e) {
is_number = false;
}
Since there's possibility that people still visit here and will be biased against Regex after the benchmarks... So i'm gonna give an updated version of the benchmark, with a compiled version of the Regex. Which opposed to the previous benchmarks, this one shows Regex solution actually has consistently good performance.
Copied from Bill the Lizard and updated with compiled version:
private final Pattern pattern = Pattern.compile("^-?\\d+$");
public void runTests() {
String big_int = "1234567890";
String non_int = "1234XY7890";
long startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
for(int i = 0; i < 100000; i++)
IsInt_ByException(big_int);
long endTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
System.out.print("ByException - integer data: ");
System.out.println(endTime - startTime);
startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
for(int i = 0; i < 100000; i++)
IsInt_ByException(non_int);
endTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
System.out.print("ByException - non-integer data: ");
System.out.println(endTime - startTime);
startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
for(int i = 0; i < 100000; i++)
IsInt_ByRegex(big_int);
endTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
System.out.print("\nByRegex - integer data: ");
System.out.println(endTime - startTime);
startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
for(int i = 0; i < 100000; i++)
IsInt_ByRegex(non_int);
endTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
System.out.print("ByRegex - non-integer data: ");
System.out.println(endTime - startTime);
startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
for (int i = 0; i < 100000; i++)
IsInt_ByCompiledRegex(big_int);
endTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
System.out.print("\nByCompiledRegex - integer data: ");
System.out.println(endTime - startTime);
startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
for (int i = 0; i < 100000; i++)
IsInt_ByCompiledRegex(non_int);
endTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
System.out.print("ByCompiledRegex - non-integer data: ");
System.out.println(endTime - startTime);
startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
for(int i = 0; i < 100000; i++)
IsInt_ByJonas(big_int);
endTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
System.out.print("\nByJonas - integer data: ");
System.out.println(endTime - startTime);
startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
for(int i = 0; i < 100000; i++)
IsInt_ByJonas(non_int);
endTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
System.out.print("ByJonas - non-integer data: ");
System.out.println(endTime - startTime);
}
private boolean IsInt_ByException(String str)
{
try
{
Integer.parseInt(str);
return true;
}
catch(NumberFormatException nfe)
{
return false;
}
}
private boolean IsInt_ByRegex(String str)
{
return str.matches("^-?\\d+$");
}
private boolean IsInt_ByCompiledRegex(String str) {
return pattern.matcher(str).find();
}
public boolean IsInt_ByJonas(String str)
{
if (str == null) {
return false;
}
int length = str.length();
if (length == 0) {
return false;
}
int i = 0;
if (str.charAt(0) == '-') {
if (length == 1) {
return false;
}
i = 1;
}
for (; i < length; i++) {
char c = str.charAt(i);
if (c <= '/' || c >= ':') {
return false;
}
}
return true;
}
Results:
ByException - integer data: 45
ByException - non-integer data: 465
ByRegex - integer data: 272
ByRegex - non-integer data: 131
ByCompiledRegex - integer data: 45
ByCompiledRegex - non-integer data: 26
ByJonas - integer data: 8
ByJonas - non-integer data: 2
To check for all int chars, you can simply use a double negative.
if (!searchString.matches("[^0-9]+$")) ...
[^0-9]+$ checks to see if there are any characters that are not integer, so the test fails if it's true. Just NOT that and you get true on success.
Just one comment about regexp. Every example provided here is wrong!. If you want to use regexp don't forget that compiling the pattern take a lot of time. This:
str.matches("^-?\\d+$")
and also this:
Pattern.matches("-?\\d+", input);
causes compile of pattern in every method call. To used it correctly follow:
import java.util.regex.Pattern;
/**
* @author Rastislav Komara
*/
public class NaturalNumberChecker {
public static final Pattern PATTERN = Pattern.compile("^\\d+$");
boolean isNaturalNumber(CharSequence input) {
return input != null && PATTERN.matcher(input).matches();
}
}
If you want to check if the string represents an integer that fits in an int type, I did a little modification to the jonas' answer, so that strings that represent integers bigger than Integer.MAX_VALUE or smaller than Integer.MIN_VALUE, will now return false. For example: "3147483647" will return false because 3147483647 is bigger than 2147483647, and likewise, "-2147483649" will also return false because -2147483649 is smaller than -2147483648.
public static boolean isInt(String s) {
if(s == null) {
return false;
}
s = s.trim(); //Don't get tricked by whitespaces.
int len = s.length();
if(len == 0) {
return false;
}
//The bottom limit of an int is -2147483648 which is 11 chars long.
//[note that the upper limit (2147483647) is only 10 chars long]
//Thus any string with more than 11 chars, even if represents a valid integer,
//it won't fit in an int.
if(len > 11) {
return false;
}
char c = s.charAt(0);
int i = 0;
//I don't mind the plus sign, so "+13" will return true.
if(c == '-' || c == '+') {
//A single "+" or "-" is not a valid integer.
if(len == 1) {
return false;
}
i = 1;
}
//Check if all chars are digits
for(; i < len; i++) {
c = s.charAt(i);
if(c < '0' || c > '9') {
return false;
}
}
//If we reached this point then we know for sure that the string has at
//most 11 chars and that they're all digits (the first one might be a '+'
// or '-' thought).
//Now we just need to check, for 10 and 11 chars long strings, if the numbers
//represented by the them don't surpass the limits.
c = s.charAt(0);
char l;
String limit;
if(len == 10 && c != '-' && c != '+') {
limit = "2147483647";
//Now we are going to compare each char of the string with the char in
//the limit string that has the same index, so if the string is "ABC" and
//the limit string is "DEF" then we are gonna compare A to D, B to E and so on.
//c is the current string's char and l is the corresponding limit's char
//Note that the loop only continues if c == l. Now imagine that our string
//is "2150000000", 2 == 2 (next), 1 == 1 (next), 5 > 4 as you can see,
//because 5 > 4 we can guarantee that the string will represent a bigger integer.
//Similarly, if our string was "2139999999", when we find out that 3 < 4,
//we can also guarantee that the integer represented will fit in an int.
for(i = 0; i < len; i++) {
c = s.charAt(i);
l = limit.charAt(i);
if(c > l) {
return false;
}
if(c < l) {
return true;
}
}
}
c = s.charAt(0);
if(len == 11) {
//If the first char is neither '+' nor '-' then 11 digits represent a
//bigger integer than 2147483647 (10 digits).
if(c != '+' && c != '-') {
return false;
}
limit = (c == '-') ? "-2147483648" : "+2147483647";
//Here we're applying the same logic that we applied in the previous case
//ignoring the first char.
for(i = 1; i < len; i++) {
c = s.charAt(i);
l = limit.charAt(i);
if(c > l) {
return false;
}
if(c < l) {
return true;
}
}
}
//The string passed all tests, so it must represent a number that fits
//in an int...
return true;
}
You just check NumberFormatException:-
String value="123";
try
{
int s=Integer.parseInt(any_int_val);
// do something when integer values comes
}
catch(NumberFormatException nfe)
{
// do something when string values comes
}
You can also use the Scanner class, and use hasNextInt() - and this allows you to test for other types, too, like floats, etc.
Just one comment about regexp. Every example provided here is wrong!. If you want to use regexp don't forget that compiling the pattern take a lot of time. This:
str.matches("^-?\\d+$")
and also this:
Pattern.matches("-?\\d+", input);
causes compile of pattern in every method call. To used it correctly follow:
import java.util.regex.Pattern;
/**
* @author Rastislav Komara
*/
public class NaturalNumberChecker {
public static final Pattern PATTERN = Pattern.compile("^\\d+$");
boolean isNaturalNumber(CharSequence input) {
return input != null && PATTERN.matcher(input).matches();
}
}
This is shorter, but shorter isn't necessarily better (and it won't catch integer values which are out of range, as pointed out in danatel's comment):
input.matches("^-?\\d+$");
Personally, since the implementation is squirrelled away in a helper method and correctness trumps length, I would just go with something like what you have (minus catching the base Exception class rather than NumberFormatException).
a little improvement to @Jonas K anwser, this function will rule out one single operator like "*".
public boolean isInteger(String str) {
// null pointer
if (str == null) {
return false;
}
int len = str.length();
// empty string
if (len == 0) {
return false;
}
// one digit, cannot begin with 0
if (len == 1) {
char c = str.charAt(0);
if ((c < '1') || (c > '9')) {
return false;
}
}
for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {
char c = str.charAt(i);
// check positive, negative sign
if (i == 0) {
if (c == '-' || c == '+') {
continue;
}
}
// check each character matches [0-9]
if ((c < '0') || (c > '9')) {
return false;
}
}
return true;
}
I recently (today) needed to figure out a quick way to do this and of course I was going to use the exception approach for ease when the monkey on the shoulder (conscience) woke up so it took me down this old familiar rabbit hole; no exceptions are not that much more expensive in fact sometimes exceptions are faster (old AIX multiprocessor systems) but regardless it’s to elegant so I did something that the younger me never did and to my amazement nobody here did either (apologize if someone did and I missed it I honestly did not find) : so what did I think we all missed; taking a look at how the JRE implemented it, yes they threw an exception but we can always skip that part.
The younger me from 10 years ago would have felt this to be beneath him, but then again he is a loud mouthed show off with a poor temperament and a god complex so there is that.
I am putting this here for the benefit of anyone coming here in the future. Here is what I found:
public static int parseInt(String s, int radix) throws NumberFormatException
{
/*
* WARNING: This method may be invoked early during VM initialization
* before IntegerCache is initialized. Care must be taken to not use
* the valueOf method.
*/
if (s == null) {
throw new NumberFormatException("null");
}
if (radix < Character.MIN_RADIX) {
throw new NumberFormatException("radix " + radix +
" less than Character.MIN_RADIX");
}
if (radix > Character.MAX_RADIX) {
throw new NumberFormatException("radix " + radix +
" greater than Character.MAX_RADIX");
}
int result = 0;
boolean negative = false;
int i = 0, len = s.length();
int limit = -Integer.MAX_VALUE;
int multmin;
int digit;
if (len > 0) {
char firstChar = s.charAt(0);
if (firstChar < '0') { // Possible leading "+" or "-"
if (firstChar == '-') {
negative = true;
limit = Integer.MIN_VALUE;
} else if (firstChar != '+')
throw NumberFormatException.forInputString(s);
if (len == 1) // Cannot have lone "+" or "-"
throw NumberFormatException.forInputString(s);
i++;
}
multmin = limit / radix;
while (i < len) {
// Accumulating negatively avoids surprises near MAX_VALUE
digit = Character.digit(s.charAt(i++),radix);
if (digit < 0) {
throw NumberFormatException.forInputString(s);
}
if (result < multmin) {
throw NumberFormatException.forInputString(s);
}
result *= radix;
if (result < limit + digit) {
throw NumberFormatException.forInputString(s);
}
result -= digit;
}
} else {
throw NumberFormatException.forInputString(s);
}
return negative ? result : -result;
}
When explanations are more important than performance
I noticed many discussions centering how efficient certain solutions are, but none on why an string is not an integer. Also, everyone seemed to assume that the number "2.00" is not equal to "2". Mathematically and humanly speaking, they are equal (even though computer science says that they are not, and for good reason). This is why the "Integer.parseInt" solutions above are weak (depending on your requirements).
At any rate, to make software smarter and more human-friendly, we need to create software that thinks like we do and explains why something failed. In this case:
public static boolean isIntegerFromDecimalString(String possibleInteger) {
possibleInteger = possibleInteger.trim();
try {
// Integer parsing works great for "regular" integers like 42 or 13.
int num = Integer.parseInt(possibleInteger);
System.out.println("The possibleInteger="+possibleInteger+" is a pure integer.");
return true;
} catch (NumberFormatException e) {
if (possibleInteger.equals(".")) {
System.out.println("The possibleInteger=" + possibleInteger + " is NOT an integer because it is only a decimal point.");
return false;
} else if (possibleInteger.startsWith(".") && possibleInteger.matches("\\.[0-9]*")) {
if (possibleInteger.matches("\\.[0]*")) {
System.out.println("The possibleInteger=" + possibleInteger + " is an integer because it starts with a decimal point and afterwards is all zeros.");
return true;
} else {
System.out.println("The possibleInteger=" + possibleInteger + " is NOT an integer because it starts with a decimal point and afterwards is not all zeros.");
return false;
}
} else if (possibleInteger.endsWith(".") && possibleInteger.matches("[0-9]*\\.")) {
System.out.println("The possibleInteger="+possibleInteger+" is an impure integer (ends with decimal point).");
return true;
} else if (possibleInteger.contains(".")) {
String[] partsOfPossibleInteger = possibleInteger.split("\\.");
if (partsOfPossibleInteger.length == 2) {
//System.out.println("The possibleInteger=" + possibleInteger + " is split into '" + partsOfPossibleInteger[0] + "' and '" + partsOfPossibleInteger[1] + "'.");
if (partsOfPossibleInteger[0].matches("[0-9]*")) {
if (partsOfPossibleInteger[1].matches("[0]*")) {
System.out.println("The possibleInteger="+possibleInteger+" is an impure integer (ends with all zeros after the decimal point).");
return true;
} else if (partsOfPossibleInteger[1].matches("[0-9]*")) {
System.out.println("The possibleInteger=" + possibleInteger + " is NOT an integer because it the numbers after the decimal point (" +
partsOfPossibleInteger[1] + ") are not all zeros.");
return false;
} else {
System.out.println("The possibleInteger=" + possibleInteger + " is NOT an integer because it the 'numbers' after the decimal point (" +
partsOfPossibleInteger[1] + ") are not all numeric digits.");
return false;
}
} else {
System.out.println("The possibleInteger=" + possibleInteger + " is NOT an integer because it the 'number' before the decimal point (" +
partsOfPossibleInteger[0] + ") is not a number.");
return false;
}
} else {
System.out.println("The possibleInteger="+possibleInteger+" is NOT an integer because it has a strange number of decimal-period separated parts (" +
partsOfPossibleInteger.length + ").");
return false;
}
} // else
System.out.println("The possibleInteger='"+possibleInteger+"' is NOT an integer, even though it has no decimal point.");
return false;
}
}
Test code:
String[] testData = {"0", "0.", "0.0", ".000", "2", "2.", "2.0", "2.0000", "3.14159", ".0001", ".", "$4.0", "3E24", "6.0221409e+23"};
int i = 0;
for (String possibleInteger : testData ) {
System.out.println("");
System.out.println(i + ". possibleInteger='" + possibleInteger +"' isIntegerFromDecimalString=" + isIntegerFromDecimalString(possibleInteger));
i++;
}
Did a quick benchmark. Exceptions aren't actually that expensivve, unless you start popping back multiple methods and the JVM has to do a lot of work to get the execution stack in place. When staying in the same method, they aren't bad performers.
public void RunTests()
{
String str = "1234567890";
long startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
for(int i = 0; i < 100000; i++)
IsInt_ByException(str);
long endTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
System.out.print("ByException: ");
System.out.println(endTime - startTime);
startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
for(int i = 0; i < 100000; i++)
IsInt_ByRegex(str);
endTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
System.out.print("ByRegex: ");
System.out.println(endTime - startTime);
startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
for(int i = 0; i < 100000; i++)
IsInt_ByJonas(str);
endTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
System.out.print("ByJonas: ");
System.out.println(endTime - startTime);
}
private boolean IsInt_ByException(String str)
{
try
{
Integer.parseInt(str);
return true;
}
catch(NumberFormatException nfe)
{
return false;
}
}
private boolean IsInt_ByRegex(String str)
{
return str.matches("^-?\\d+$");
}
public boolean IsInt_ByJonas(String str)
{
if (str == null) {
return false;
}
int length = str.length();
if (length == 0) {
return false;
}
int i = 0;
if (str.charAt(0) == '-') {
if (length == 1) {
return false;
}
i = 1;
}
for (; i < length; i++) {
char c = str.charAt(i);
if (c <= '/' || c >= ':') {
return false;
}
}
return true;
}
Output:
ByException: 31
ByRegex: 453 (note: re-compiling the pattern every time)
ByJonas: 16
I do agree that Jonas K's solution is the most robust too. Looks like he wins :)
I do not like method with regex, because regex can not check ranges (Integer.MIN_VALUE, Integer.MAX_VALUE).
If you expect int value in most cases, and not int is something uncommon, then I suggest version with Integer.valueOf or Integer.parseInt with NumberFormatException catching. Advantage of this approach - your code has good readability:
public static boolean isInt(String s) {
try {
Integer.parseInt(s);
return true;
} catch (NumberFormatException nfe) {
return false;
}
}
If you need to check if String is integer, and care about perfomance then the best way will be to use java jdk implementation of Integer.parseInt, but little modified (replacing throw with return false):
This function has good perfomence and garantee right result:
public static boolean isInt(String s) {
int radix = 10;
if (s == null) {
return false;
}
if (radix < Character.MIN_RADIX) {
return false;
}
if (radix > Character.MAX_RADIX) {
return false;
}
int result = 0;
boolean negative = false;
int i = 0, len = s.length();
int limit = -Integer.MAX_VALUE;
int multmin;
int digit;
if (len > 0) {
char firstChar = s.charAt(0);
if (firstChar < '0') { // Possible leading "+" or "-"
if (firstChar == '-') {
negative = true;
limit = Integer.MIN_VALUE;
} else if (firstChar != '+')
return false;
if (len == 1) // Cannot have lone "+" or "-"
return false;
i++;
}
multmin = limit / radix;
while (i < len) {
// Accumulating negatively avoids surprises near MAX_VALUE
digit = Character.digit(s.charAt(i++), radix);
if (digit < 0) {
return false;
}
if (result < multmin) {
return false;
}
result *= radix;
if (result < limit + digit) {
return false;
}
result -= digit;
}
} else {
return false;
}
return true;
}
You can use the matches method of the string class. The [0-9] represents all the values it can be, the + means it must be at least one character long, and the * means it can be zero or more characters long.
boolean isNumeric = yourString.matches("[0-9]+"); // 1 or more characters long, numbers only
boolean isNumeric = yourString.matches("[0-9]*"); // 0 or more characters long, numbers only
You just check NumberFormatException:-
String value="123";
try
{
int s=Integer.parseInt(any_int_val);
// do something when integer values comes
}
catch(NumberFormatException nfe)
{
// do something when string values comes
}
I have seen a lot of answers here, but most of them are able to determine whether the String is numeric, but they fail checking whether the number is in Integer range...
Therefore I purpose something like this:
public static boolean isInteger(String str) {
if (str == null || str.isEmpty()) {
return false;
}
try {
long value = Long.valueOf(str);
return value >= -2147483648 && value <= 2147483647;
} catch (Exception ex) {
return false;
}
}
Number number;
try {
number = NumberFormat.getInstance().parse("123");
} catch (ParseException e) {
//not a number - do recovery.
e.printStackTrace();
}
//use number
You have it, but you should only catch NumberFormatException.
If you want to check if the string represents an integer that fits in an int type, I did a little modification to the jonas' answer, so that strings that represent integers bigger than Integer.MAX_VALUE or smaller than Integer.MIN_VALUE, will now return false. For example: "3147483647" will return false because 3147483647 is bigger than 2147483647, and likewise, "-2147483649" will also return false because -2147483649 is smaller than -2147483648.
public static boolean isInt(String s) {
if(s == null) {
return false;
}
s = s.trim(); //Don't get tricked by whitespaces.
int len = s.length();
if(len == 0) {
return false;
}
//The bottom limit of an int is -2147483648 which is 11 chars long.
//[note that the upper limit (2147483647) is only 10 chars long]
//Thus any string with more than 11 chars, even if represents a valid integer,
//it won't fit in an int.
if(len > 11) {
return false;
}
char c = s.charAt(0);
int i = 0;
//I don't mind the plus sign, so "+13" will return true.
if(c == '-' || c == '+') {
//A single "+" or "-" is not a valid integer.
if(len == 1) {
return false;
}
i = 1;
}
//Check if all chars are digits
for(; i < len; i++) {
c = s.charAt(i);
if(c < '0' || c > '9') {
return false;
}
}
//If we reached this point then we know for sure that the string has at
//most 11 chars and that they're all digits (the first one might be a '+'
// or '-' thought).
//Now we just need to check, for 10 and 11 chars long strings, if the numbers
//represented by the them don't surpass the limits.
c = s.charAt(0);
char l;
String limit;
if(len == 10 && c != '-' && c != '+') {
limit = "2147483647";
//Now we are going to compare each char of the string with the char in
//the limit string that has the same index, so if the string is "ABC" and
//the limit string is "DEF" then we are gonna compare A to D, B to E and so on.
//c is the current string's char and l is the corresponding limit's char
//Note that the loop only continues if c == l. Now imagine that our string
//is "2150000000", 2 == 2 (next), 1 == 1 (next), 5 > 4 as you can see,
//because 5 > 4 we can guarantee that the string will represent a bigger integer.
//Similarly, if our string was "2139999999", when we find out that 3 < 4,
//we can also guarantee that the integer represented will fit in an int.
for(i = 0; i < len; i++) {
c = s.charAt(i);
l = limit.charAt(i);
if(c > l) {
return false;
}
if(c < l) {
return true;
}
}
}
c = s.charAt(0);
if(len == 11) {
//If the first char is neither '+' nor '-' then 11 digits represent a
//bigger integer than 2147483647 (10 digits).
if(c != '+' && c != '-') {
return false;
}
limit = (c == '-') ? "-2147483648" : "+2147483647";
//Here we're applying the same logic that we applied in the previous case
//ignoring the first char.
for(i = 1; i < len; i++) {
c = s.charAt(i);
l = limit.charAt(i);
if(c > l) {
return false;
}
if(c < l) {
return true;
}
}
}
//The string passed all tests, so it must represent a number that fits
//in an int...
return true;
}
You can use the matches method of the string class. The [0-9] represents all the values it can be, the + means it must be at least one character long, and the * means it can be zero or more characters long.
boolean isNumeric = yourString.matches("[0-9]+"); // 1 or more characters long, numbers only
boolean isNumeric = yourString.matches("[0-9]*"); // 0 or more characters long, numbers only
When explanations are more important than performance
I noticed many discussions centering how efficient certain solutions are, but none on why an string is not an integer. Also, everyone seemed to assume that the number "2.00" is not equal to "2". Mathematically and humanly speaking, they are equal (even though computer science says that they are not, and for good reason). This is why the "Integer.parseInt" solutions above are weak (depending on your requirements).
At any rate, to make software smarter and more human-friendly, we need to create software that thinks like we do and explains why something failed. In this case:
public static boolean isIntegerFromDecimalString(String possibleInteger) {
possibleInteger = possibleInteger.trim();
try {
// Integer parsing works great for "regular" integers like 42 or 13.
int num = Integer.parseInt(possibleInteger);
System.out.println("The possibleInteger="+possibleInteger+" is a pure integer.");
return true;
} catch (NumberFormatException e) {
if (possibleInteger.equals(".")) {
System.out.println("The possibleInteger=" + possibleInteger + " is NOT an integer because it is only a decimal point.");
return false;
} else if (possibleInteger.startsWith(".") && possibleInteger.matches("\\.[0-9]*")) {
if (possibleInteger.matches("\\.[0]*")) {
System.out.println("The possibleInteger=" + possibleInteger + " is an integer because it starts with a decimal point and afterwards is all zeros.");
return true;
} else {
System.out.println("The possibleInteger=" + possibleInteger + " is NOT an integer because it starts with a decimal point and afterwards is not all zeros.");
return false;
}
} else if (possibleInteger.endsWith(".") && possibleInteger.matches("[0-9]*\\.")) {
System.out.println("The possibleInteger="+possibleInteger+" is an impure integer (ends with decimal point).");
return true;
} else if (possibleInteger.contains(".")) {
String[] partsOfPossibleInteger = possibleInteger.split("\\.");
if (partsOfPossibleInteger.length == 2) {
//System.out.println("The possibleInteger=" + possibleInteger + " is split into '" + partsOfPossibleInteger[0] + "' and '" + partsOfPossibleInteger[1] + "'.");
if (partsOfPossibleInteger[0].matches("[0-9]*")) {
if (partsOfPossibleInteger[1].matches("[0]*")) {
System.out.println("The possibleInteger="+possibleInteger+" is an impure integer (ends with all zeros after the decimal point).");
return true;
} else if (partsOfPossibleInteger[1].matches("[0-9]*")) {
System.out.println("The possibleInteger=" + possibleInteger + " is NOT an integer because it the numbers after the decimal point (" +
partsOfPossibleInteger[1] + ") are not all zeros.");
return false;
} else {
System.out.println("The possibleInteger=" + possibleInteger + " is NOT an integer because it the 'numbers' after the decimal point (" +
partsOfPossibleInteger[1] + ") are not all numeric digits.");
return false;
}
} else {
System.out.println("The possibleInteger=" + possibleInteger + " is NOT an integer because it the 'number' before the decimal point (" +
partsOfPossibleInteger[0] + ") is not a number.");
return false;
}
} else {
System.out.println("The possibleInteger="+possibleInteger+" is NOT an integer because it has a strange number of decimal-period separated parts (" +
partsOfPossibleInteger.length + ").");
return false;
}
} // else
System.out.println("The possibleInteger='"+possibleInteger+"' is NOT an integer, even though it has no decimal point.");
return false;
}
}
Test code:
String[] testData = {"0", "0.", "0.0", ".000", "2", "2.", "2.0", "2.0000", "3.14159", ".0001", ".", "$4.0", "3E24", "6.0221409e+23"};
int i = 0;
for (String possibleInteger : testData ) {
System.out.println("");
System.out.println(i + ". possibleInteger='" + possibleInteger +"' isIntegerFromDecimalString=" + isIntegerFromDecimalString(possibleInteger));
i++;
}
How about:
return Pattern.matches("-?\\d+", input);
Find this may helpful:
public static boolean isInteger(String self) {
try {
Integer.valueOf(self.trim());
return true;
} catch (NumberFormatException nfe) {
return false;
}
}
org.apache.commons.lang.StringUtils.isNumeric
though Java's standard lib really misses such utility functions
I think that Apache Commons is a "must have" for every Java programmer
too bad it isn't ported to Java5 yet
I believe there's zero risk running into an exception, because as you can see below you always safely parse int to String and not the other way around.
So:
You check if every slot of character in your string matches at least one of the characters {"0","1","2","3","4","5","6","7","8","9"}.
if(aString.substring(j, j+1).equals(String.valueOf(i)))
You sum all the times that you encountered in the slots the above characters.
digits++;
And finally you check if the times that you encountered integers as characters equals with the length of the given string.
if(digits == aString.length())
And in practice we have:
String aString = "1234224245";
int digits = 0;//count how many digits you encountered
for(int j=0;j<aString.length();j++){
for(int i=0;i<=9;i++){
if(aString.substring(j, j+1).equals(String.valueOf(i)))
digits++;
}
}
if(digits == aString.length()){
System.out.println("It's an integer!!");
}
else{
System.out.println("It's not an integer!!");
}
String anotherString = "1234f22a4245";
int anotherDigits = 0;//count how many digits you encountered
for(int j=0;j<anotherString.length();j++){
for(int i=0;i<=9;i++){
if(anotherString.substring(j, j+1).equals(String.valueOf(i)))
anotherDigits++;
}
}
if(anotherDigits == anotherString.length()){
System.out.println("It's an integer!!");
}
else{
System.out.println("It's not an integer!!");
}
And the results are:
It's an integer!!
It's not an integer!!
Similarly, you can validate if a String is a float or a double but in those cases you have to encounter only one . (dot) in the String and of course check if digits == (aString.length()-1)
Again, there's zero risk running into a parsing exception here, but if you plan on parsing a string that it is known that contains a number (let's say int data type) you must first check if it fits in the data type. Otherwise you must cast it.
I hope I helped
org.apache.commons.lang.StringUtils.isNumeric
though Java's standard lib really misses such utility functions
I think that Apache Commons is a "must have" for every Java programmer
too bad it isn't ported to Java5 yet
You can also use the Scanner class, and use hasNextInt() - and this allows you to test for other types, too, like floats, etc.
is_number = true;
try {
Integer.parseInt(mystr)
} catch (NumberFormatException e) {
is_number = false;
}
Did a quick benchmark. Exceptions aren't actually that expensivve, unless you start popping back multiple methods and the JVM has to do a lot of work to get the execution stack in place. When staying in the same method, they aren't bad performers.
public void RunTests()
{
String str = "1234567890";
long startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
for(int i = 0; i < 100000; i++)
IsInt_ByException(str);
long endTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
System.out.print("ByException: ");
System.out.println(endTime - startTime);
startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
for(int i = 0; i < 100000; i++)
IsInt_ByRegex(str);
endTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
System.out.print("ByRegex: ");
System.out.println(endTime - startTime);
startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
for(int i = 0; i < 100000; i++)
IsInt_ByJonas(str);
endTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
System.out.print("ByJonas: ");
System.out.println(endTime - startTime);
}
private boolean IsInt_ByException(String str)
{
try
{
Integer.parseInt(str);
return true;
}
catch(NumberFormatException nfe)
{
return false;
}
}
private boolean IsInt_ByRegex(String str)
{
return str.matches("^-?\\d+$");
}
public boolean IsInt_ByJonas(String str)
{
if (str == null) {
return false;
}
int length = str.length();
if (length == 0) {
return false;
}
int i = 0;
if (str.charAt(0) == '-') {
if (length == 1) {
return false;
}
i = 1;
}
for (; i < length; i++) {
char c = str.charAt(i);
if (c <= '/' || c >= ':') {
return false;
}
}
return true;
}
Output:
ByException: 31
ByRegex: 453 (note: re-compiling the pattern every time)
ByJonas: 16
I do agree that Jonas K's solution is the most robust too. Looks like he wins :)
This is a Java 8 variation of Jonas Klemming answer:
public static boolean isInteger(String str) {
return str != null && str.length() > 0 &&
IntStream.range(0, str.length()).allMatch(i -> i == 0 && (str.charAt(i) == '-' || str.charAt(i) == '+')
|| Character.isDigit(str.charAt(i)));
}
Test code:
public static void main(String[] args) throws NoSuchAlgorithmException, UnsupportedEncodingException {
Arrays.asList("1231231", "-1232312312", "+12313123131", "qwqe123123211", "2", "0000000001111", "", "123-", "++123",
"123-23", null, "+-123").forEach(s -> {
System.out.printf("%15s %s%n", s, isInteger(s));
});
}
Results of the test code:
1231231 true
-1232312312 true
+12313123131 true
qwqe123123211 false
2 true
0000000001111 true
false
123- false
++123 false
123-23 false
null false
+-123 false
You have it, but you should only catch NumberFormatException.
I do not like method with regex, because regex can not check ranges (Integer.MIN_VALUE, Integer.MAX_VALUE).
If you expect int value in most cases, and not int is something uncommon, then I suggest version with Integer.valueOf or Integer.parseInt with NumberFormatException catching. Advantage of this approach - your code has good readability:
public static boolean isInt(String s) {
try {
Integer.parseInt(s);
return true;
} catch (NumberFormatException nfe) {
return false;
}
}
If you need to check if String is integer, and care about perfomance then the best way will be to use java jdk implementation of Integer.parseInt, but little modified (replacing throw with return false):
This function has good perfomence and garantee right result:
public static boolean isInt(String s) {
int radix = 10;
if (s == null) {
return false;
}
if (radix < Character.MIN_RADIX) {
return false;
}
if (radix > Character.MAX_RADIX) {
return false;
}
int result = 0;
boolean negative = false;
int i = 0, len = s.length();
int limit = -Integer.MAX_VALUE;
int multmin;
int digit;
if (len > 0) {
char firstChar = s.charAt(0);
if (firstChar < '0') { // Possible leading "+" or "-"
if (firstChar == '-') {
negative = true;
limit = Integer.MIN_VALUE;
} else if (firstChar != '+')
return false;
if (len == 1) // Cannot have lone "+" or "-"
return false;
i++;
}
multmin = limit / radix;
while (i < len) {
// Accumulating negatively avoids surprises near MAX_VALUE
digit = Character.digit(s.charAt(i++), radix);
if (digit < 0) {
return false;
}
if (result < multmin) {
return false;
}
result *= radix;
if (result < limit + digit) {
return false;
}
result -= digit;
}
} else {
return false;
}
return true;
}
It partly depend on what you mean by "can be converted to an integer".
If you mean "can be converted into an int in Java" then the answer from Jonas is a good start, but doesn't quite finish the job. It would pass 999999999999999999999999999999 for example. I would add the normal try/catch call from your own question at the end of the method.
The character-by-character checks will efficiently reject "not an integer at all" cases, leaving "it's an integer but Java can't handle it" cases to be caught by the slower exception route. You could do this bit by hand too, but it would be a lot more complicated.
I believe there's zero risk running into an exception, because as you can see below you always safely parse int to String and not the other way around.
So:
You check if every slot of character in your string matches at least one of the characters {"0","1","2","3","4","5","6","7","8","9"}.
if(aString.substring(j, j+1).equals(String.valueOf(i)))
You sum all the times that you encountered in the slots the above characters.
digits++;
And finally you check if the times that you encountered integers as characters equals with the length of the given string.
if(digits == aString.length())
And in practice we have:
String aString = "1234224245";
int digits = 0;//count how many digits you encountered
for(int j=0;j<aString.length();j++){
for(int i=0;i<=9;i++){
if(aString.substring(j, j+1).equals(String.valueOf(i)))
digits++;
}
}
if(digits == aString.length()){
System.out.println("It's an integer!!");
}
else{
System.out.println("It's not an integer!!");
}
String anotherString = "1234f22a4245";
int anotherDigits = 0;//count how many digits you encountered
for(int j=0;j<anotherString.length();j++){
for(int i=0;i<=9;i++){
if(anotherString.substring(j, j+1).equals(String.valueOf(i)))
anotherDigits++;
}
}
if(anotherDigits == anotherString.length()){
System.out.println("It's an integer!!");
}
else{
System.out.println("It's not an integer!!");
}
And the results are:
It's an integer!!
It's not an integer!!
Similarly, you can validate if a String is a float or a double but in those cases you have to encounter only one . (dot) in the String and of course check if digits == (aString.length()-1)
Again, there's zero risk running into a parsing exception here, but if you plan on parsing a string that it is known that contains a number (let's say int data type) you must first check if it fits in the data type. Otherwise you must cast it.
I hope I helped
public class HelloWorld{
static boolean validateIP(String s){
String[] value = s.split("\\.");
if(value.length!=4) return false;
int[] v = new int[4];
for(int i=0;i<4;i++){
for(int j=0;j<value[i].length();j++){
if(!Character.isDigit(value[i].charAt(j)))
return false;
}
v[i]=Integer.parseInt(value[i]);
if(!(v[i]>=0 && v[i]<=255)) return false;
}
return true;
}
public static void main(String[] argv){
String test = "12.23.8.9j";
if(validateIP(test)){
System.out.println(""+test);
}
}
}
You have it, but you should only catch NumberFormatException.
Integer.valueOf(string);
works for me most of the time!
It partly depend on what you mean by "can be converted to an integer".
If you mean "can be converted into an int in Java" then the answer from Jonas is a good start, but doesn't quite finish the job. It would pass 999999999999999999999999999999 for example. I would add the normal try/catch call from your own question at the end of the method.
The character-by-character checks will efficiently reject "not an integer at all" cases, leaving "it's an integer but Java can't handle it" cases to be caught by the slower exception route. You could do this bit by hand too, but it would be a lot more complicated.
Another option:
private boolean isNumber(String s) {
boolean isNumber = true;
for (char c : s.toCharArray()) {
isNumber = isNumber && Character.isDigit(c);
}
return isNumber;
}
How about:
return Pattern.matches("-?\\d+", input);
It partly depend on what you mean by "can be converted to an integer".
If you mean "can be converted into an int in Java" then the answer from Jonas is a good start, but doesn't quite finish the job. It would pass 999999999999999999999999999999 for example. I would add the normal try/catch call from your own question at the end of the method.
The character-by-character checks will efficiently reject "not an integer at all" cases, leaving "it's an integer but Java can't handle it" cases to be caught by the slower exception route. You could do this bit by hand too, but it would be a lot more complicated.
There is guava version:
import com.google.common.primitives.Ints;
Integer intValue = Ints.tryParse(stringValue);
It will return null instead of throwing an exception if it fails to parse string.
I copied the code from rally25rs answer and added some tests for non-integer data. The results are undeniably in favor of the method posted by Jonas Klemming. The results for the Exception method that I originally posted are pretty good when you have integer data, but they're the worst when you don't, while the results for the RegEx solution (that I'll bet a lot of people use) were consistently bad. See Felipe's answer for a compiled regex example, which is much faster.
public void runTests()
{
String big_int = "1234567890";
String non_int = "1234XY7890";
long startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
for(int i = 0; i < 100000; i++)
IsInt_ByException(big_int);
long endTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
System.out.print("ByException - integer data: ");
System.out.println(endTime - startTime);
startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
for(int i = 0; i < 100000; i++)
IsInt_ByException(non_int);
endTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
System.out.print("ByException - non-integer data: ");
System.out.println(endTime - startTime);
startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
for(int i = 0; i < 100000; i++)
IsInt_ByRegex(big_int);
endTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
System.out.print("\nByRegex - integer data: ");
System.out.println(endTime - startTime);
startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
for(int i = 0; i < 100000; i++)
IsInt_ByRegex(non_int);
endTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
System.out.print("ByRegex - non-integer data: ");
System.out.println(endTime - startTime);
startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
for(int i = 0; i < 100000; i++)
IsInt_ByJonas(big_int);
endTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
System.out.print("\nByJonas - integer data: ");
System.out.println(endTime - startTime);
startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
for(int i = 0; i < 100000; i++)
IsInt_ByJonas(non_int);
endTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
System.out.print("ByJonas - non-integer data: ");
System.out.println(endTime - startTime);
}
private boolean IsInt_ByException(String str)
{
try
{
Integer.parseInt(str);
return true;
}
catch(NumberFormatException nfe)
{
return false;
}
}
private boolean IsInt_ByRegex(String str)
{
return str.matches("^-?\\d+$");
}
public boolean IsInt_ByJonas(String str)
{
if (str == null) {
return false;
}
int length = str.length();
if (length == 0) {
return false;
}
int i = 0;
if (str.charAt(0) == '-') {
if (length == 1) {
return false;
}
i = 1;
}
for (; i < length; i++) {
char c = str.charAt(i);
if (c <= '/' || c >= ':') {
return false;
}
}
return true;
}
Results:
ByException - integer data: 47
ByException - non-integer data: 547
ByRegex - integer data: 390
ByRegex - non-integer data: 313
ByJonas - integer data: 0
ByJonas - non-integer data: 16
I have seen a lot of answers here, but most of them are able to determine whether the String is numeric, but they fail checking whether the number is in Integer range...
Therefore I purpose something like this:
public static boolean isInteger(String str) {
if (str == null || str.isEmpty()) {
return false;
}
try {
long value = Long.valueOf(str);
return value >= -2147483648 && value <= 2147483647;
} catch (Exception ex) {
return false;
}
}
Did a quick benchmark. Exceptions aren't actually that expensivve, unless you start popping back multiple methods and the JVM has to do a lot of work to get the execution stack in place. When staying in the same method, they aren't bad performers.
public void RunTests()
{
String str = "1234567890";
long startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
for(int i = 0; i < 100000; i++)
IsInt_ByException(str);
long endTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
System.out.print("ByException: ");
System.out.println(endTime - startTime);
startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
for(int i = 0; i < 100000; i++)
IsInt_ByRegex(str);
endTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
System.out.print("ByRegex: ");
System.out.println(endTime - startTime);
startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
for(int i = 0; i < 100000; i++)
IsInt_ByJonas(str);
endTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
System.out.print("ByJonas: ");
System.out.println(endTime - startTime);
}
private boolean IsInt_ByException(String str)
{
try
{
Integer.parseInt(str);
return true;
}
catch(NumberFormatException nfe)
{
return false;
}
}
private boolean IsInt_ByRegex(String str)
{
return str.matches("^-?\\d+$");
}
public boolean IsInt_ByJonas(String str)
{
if (str == null) {
return false;
}
int length = str.length();
if (length == 0) {
return false;
}
int i = 0;
if (str.charAt(0) == '-') {
if (length == 1) {
return false;
}
i = 1;
}
for (; i < length; i++) {
char c = str.charAt(i);
if (c <= '/' || c >= ':') {
return false;
}
}
return true;
}
Output:
ByException: 31
ByRegex: 453 (note: re-compiling the pattern every time)
ByJonas: 16
I do agree that Jonas K's solution is the most robust too. Looks like he wins :)
You probably need to take the use case in account too:
If most of the time you expect numbers to be valid, then catching the exception is only causing a performance overhead when attempting to convert invalid numbers. Whereas calling some isInteger() method and then convert using Integer.parseInt() will always cause a performance overhead for valid numbers - the strings are parsed twice, once by the check and once by the conversion.
several answers here saying to try parsing to an integer and catching the NumberFormatException but you should not do this.
That way would create exception object and generates a stack trace each time you called it and it was not an integer.
A better way with Java 8 would be to use a stream:
boolean isInteger = returnValue.chars().allMatch(Character::isDigit);
This is a modification of Jonas' code that checks if the string is within range to be cast into an integer.
public static boolean isInteger(String str) {
if (str == null) {
return false;
}
int length = str.length();
int i = 0;
// set the length and value for highest positive int or lowest negative int
int maxlength = 10;
String maxnum = String.valueOf(Integer.MAX_VALUE);
if (str.charAt(0) == '-') {
maxlength = 11;
i = 1;
maxnum = String.valueOf(Integer.MIN_VALUE);
}
// verify digit length does not exceed int range
if (length > maxlength) {
return false;
}
// verify that all characters are numbers
if (maxlength == 11 && length == 1) {
return false;
}
for (int num = i; num < length; num++) {
char c = str.charAt(num);
if (c < '0' || c > '9') {
return false;
}
}
// verify that number value is within int range
if (length == maxlength) {
for (; i < length; i++) {
if (str.charAt(i) < maxnum.charAt(i)) {
return true;
}
else if (str.charAt(i) > maxnum.charAt(i)) {
return false;
}
}
}
return true;
}
I recently (today) needed to figure out a quick way to do this and of course I was going to use the exception approach for ease when the monkey on the shoulder (conscience) woke up so it took me down this old familiar rabbit hole; no exceptions are not that much more expensive in fact sometimes exceptions are faster (old AIX multiprocessor systems) but regardless it’s to elegant so I did something that the younger me never did and to my amazement nobody here did either (apologize if someone did and I missed it I honestly did not find) : so what did I think we all missed; taking a look at how the JRE implemented it, yes they threw an exception but we can always skip that part.
The younger me from 10 years ago would have felt this to be beneath him, but then again he is a loud mouthed show off with a poor temperament and a god complex so there is that.
I am putting this here for the benefit of anyone coming here in the future. Here is what I found:
public static int parseInt(String s, int radix) throws NumberFormatException
{
/*
* WARNING: This method may be invoked early during VM initialization
* before IntegerCache is initialized. Care must be taken to not use
* the valueOf method.
*/
if (s == null) {
throw new NumberFormatException("null");
}
if (radix < Character.MIN_RADIX) {
throw new NumberFormatException("radix " + radix +
" less than Character.MIN_RADIX");
}
if (radix > Character.MAX_RADIX) {
throw new NumberFormatException("radix " + radix +
" greater than Character.MAX_RADIX");
}
int result = 0;
boolean negative = false;
int i = 0, len = s.length();
int limit = -Integer.MAX_VALUE;
int multmin;
int digit;
if (len > 0) {
char firstChar = s.charAt(0);
if (firstChar < '0') { // Possible leading "+" or "-"
if (firstChar == '-') {
negative = true;
limit = Integer.MIN_VALUE;
} else if (firstChar != '+')
throw NumberFormatException.forInputString(s);
if (len == 1) // Cannot have lone "+" or "-"
throw NumberFormatException.forInputString(s);
i++;
}
multmin = limit / radix;
while (i < len) {
// Accumulating negatively avoids surprises near MAX_VALUE
digit = Character.digit(s.charAt(i++),radix);
if (digit < 0) {
throw NumberFormatException.forInputString(s);
}
if (result < multmin) {
throw NumberFormatException.forInputString(s);
}
result *= radix;
if (result < limit + digit) {
throw NumberFormatException.forInputString(s);
}
result -= digit;
}
} else {
throw NumberFormatException.forInputString(s);
}
return negative ? result : -result;
}
This would work only for positive integers.
public static boolean isInt(String str) {
if (str != null && str.length() != 0) {
for (int i = 0; i < str.length(); i++) {
if (!Character.isDigit(str.charAt(i))) return false;
}
}
return true;
}
This works for me. Simply to identify whether a String is a primitive or a number.
private boolean isPrimitive(String value){
boolean status=true;
if(value.length()<1)
return false;
for(int i = 0;i<value.length();i++){
char c=value.charAt(i);
if(Character.isDigit(c) || c=='.'){
}else{
status=false;
break;
}
}
return status;
}
If your String array contains pure Integers and Strings, code below should work. You only have to look at first character. e.g. ["4","44","abc","77","bond"]
if (Character.isDigit(string.charAt(0))) {
//Do something with int
}
If you are using the Android API you can use:
TextUtils.isDigitsOnly(str);
What you did works, but you probably shouldn't always check that way. Throwing exceptions should be reserved for "exceptional" situations (maybe that fits in your case, though), and are very costly in terms of performance.
You can also use the Scanner class, and use hasNextInt() - and this allows you to test for other types, too, like floats, etc.
This works for me. Simply to identify whether a String is a primitive or a number.
private boolean isPrimitive(String value){
boolean status=true;
if(value.length()<1)
return false;
for(int i = 0;i<value.length();i++){
char c=value.charAt(i);
if(Character.isDigit(c) || c=='.'){
}else{
status=false;
break;
}
}
return status;
}
This would work only for positive integers.
public static boolean isInt(String str) {
if (str != null && str.length() != 0) {
for (int i = 0; i < str.length(); i++) {
if (!Character.isDigit(str.charAt(i))) return false;
}
}
return true;
}
There is guava version:
import com.google.common.primitives.Ints;
Integer intValue = Ints.tryParse(stringValue);
It will return null instead of throwing an exception if it fails to parse string.
I copied the code from rally25rs answer and added some tests for non-integer data. The results are undeniably in favor of the method posted by Jonas Klemming. The results for the Exception method that I originally posted are pretty good when you have integer data, but they're the worst when you don't, while the results for the RegEx solution (that I'll bet a lot of people use) were consistently bad. See Felipe's answer for a compiled regex example, which is much faster.
public void runTests()
{
String big_int = "1234567890";
String non_int = "1234XY7890";
long startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
for(int i = 0; i < 100000; i++)
IsInt_ByException(big_int);
long endTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
System.out.print("ByException - integer data: ");
System.out.println(endTime - startTime);
startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
for(int i = 0; i < 100000; i++)
IsInt_ByException(non_int);
endTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
System.out.print("ByException - non-integer data: ");
System.out.println(endTime - startTime);
startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
for(int i = 0; i < 100000; i++)
IsInt_ByRegex(big_int);
endTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
System.out.print("\nByRegex - integer data: ");
System.out.println(endTime - startTime);
startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
for(int i = 0; i < 100000; i++)
IsInt_ByRegex(non_int);
endTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
System.out.print("ByRegex - non-integer data: ");
System.out.println(endTime - startTime);
startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
for(int i = 0; i < 100000; i++)
IsInt_ByJonas(big_int);
endTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
System.out.print("\nByJonas - integer data: ");
System.out.println(endTime - startTime);
startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
for(int i = 0; i < 100000; i++)
IsInt_ByJonas(non_int);
endTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
System.out.print("ByJonas - non-integer data: ");
System.out.println(endTime - startTime);
}
private boolean IsInt_ByException(String str)
{
try
{
Integer.parseInt(str);
return true;
}
catch(NumberFormatException nfe)
{
return false;
}
}
private boolean IsInt_ByRegex(String str)
{
return str.matches("^-?\\d+$");
}
public boolean IsInt_ByJonas(String str)
{
if (str == null) {
return false;
}
int length = str.length();
if (length == 0) {
return false;
}
int i = 0;
if (str.charAt(0) == '-') {
if (length == 1) {
return false;
}
i = 1;
}
for (; i < length; i++) {
char c = str.charAt(i);
if (c <= '/' || c >= ':') {
return false;
}
}
return true;
}
Results:
ByException - integer data: 47
ByException - non-integer data: 547
ByRegex - integer data: 390
ByRegex - non-integer data: 313
ByJonas - integer data: 0
ByJonas - non-integer data: 16
Integer.valueOf(string);
works for me most of the time!
You could:
longlong value is small enough to be represented by an int(Assuming you for some reason would have to implement this yourself: you should probably first take a look at com.google.common.primitives.Ints.tryParse(String) and see if that is good enough for your purposes (as suggested in another answer).)
// Credit to Rastislav Komara’s answer: https://stackoverflow.com/a/237895/1725151
private static final Pattern nonZero = Pattern.compile("^-?[1-9]\\d*$");
// See if `str` can be parsed as an `int` (does not trim)
// Strings like `0023` are rejected (leading zeros).
public static boolean parsableAsInt(@Nonnull String str) {
if (str.isEmpty()) {
return false;
}
if (str.equals("0")) {
return true;
}
if (canParseAsLong(str)) {
long value = Long.valueOf(str);
if (value >= Integer.MIN_VALUE && value <= Integer.MAX_VALUE) {
return true;
}
}
return false;
}
private static boolean canParseAsLong(String str) {
final int intMaxLength = 11;
return str.length() <= intMaxLength && nonZero.matcher(str).matches();
}
This method can also be converted to return Optional<Integer> so that you don’t have to parse the string twice in the client code (once to check if it’s possible and the second time to do it “for real”). For example:
if (canParseAsLong(str)) {
long value = Long.valueOf(str);
if (value >= Integer.MIN_VALUE && value <= Integer.MAX_VALUE) {
return Optional.of((int) value);
}
}
What you did works, but you probably shouldn't always check that way. Throwing exceptions should be reserved for "exceptional" situations (maybe that fits in your case, though), and are very costly in terms of performance.
public class HelloWorld{
static boolean validateIP(String s){
String[] value = s.split("\\.");
if(value.length!=4) return false;
int[] v = new int[4];
for(int i=0;i<4;i++){
for(int j=0;j<value[i].length();j++){
if(!Character.isDigit(value[i].charAt(j)))
return false;
}
v[i]=Integer.parseInt(value[i]);
if(!(v[i]>=0 && v[i]<=255)) return false;
}
return true;
}
public static void main(String[] argv){
String test = "12.23.8.9j";
if(validateIP(test)){
System.out.println(""+test);
}
}
}
Integer.valueOf(string);
works for me most of the time!
You probably need to take the use case in account too:
If most of the time you expect numbers to be valid, then catching the exception is only causing a performance overhead when attempting to convert invalid numbers. Whereas calling some isInteger() method and then convert using Integer.parseInt() will always cause a performance overhead for valid numbers - the strings are parsed twice, once by the check and once by the conversion.
This is a Java 8 variation of Jonas Klemming answer:
public static boolean isInteger(String str) {
return str != null && str.length() > 0 &&
IntStream.range(0, str.length()).allMatch(i -> i == 0 && (str.charAt(i) == '-' || str.charAt(i) == '+')
|| Character.isDigit(str.charAt(i)));
}
Test code:
public static void main(String[] args) throws NoSuchAlgorithmException, UnsupportedEncodingException {
Arrays.asList("1231231", "-1232312312", "+12313123131", "qwqe123123211", "2", "0000000001111", "", "123-", "++123",
"123-23", null, "+-123").forEach(s -> {
System.out.printf("%15s %s%n", s, isInteger(s));
});
}
Results of the test code:
1231231 true
-1232312312 true
+12313123131 true
qwqe123123211 false
2 true
0000000001111 true
false
123- false
++123 false
123-23 false
null false
+-123 false
How about:
return Pattern.matches("-?\\d+", input);
Integer.valueOf(string);
works for me most of the time!
What you did works, but you probably shouldn't always check that way. Throwing exceptions should be reserved for "exceptional" situations (maybe that fits in your case, though), and are very costly in terms of performance.
I copied the code from rally25rs answer and added some tests for non-integer data. The results are undeniably in favor of the method posted by Jonas Klemming. The results for the Exception method that I originally posted are pretty good when you have integer data, but they're the worst when you don't, while the results for the RegEx solution (that I'll bet a lot of people use) were consistently bad. See Felipe's answer for a compiled regex example, which is much faster.
public void runTests()
{
String big_int = "1234567890";
String non_int = "1234XY7890";
long startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
for(int i = 0; i < 100000; i++)
IsInt_ByException(big_int);
long endTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
System.out.print("ByException - integer data: ");
System.out.println(endTime - startTime);
startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
for(int i = 0; i < 100000; i++)
IsInt_ByException(non_int);
endTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
System.out.print("ByException - non-integer data: ");
System.out.println(endTime - startTime);
startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
for(int i = 0; i < 100000; i++)
IsInt_ByRegex(big_int);
endTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
System.out.print("\nByRegex - integer data: ");
System.out.println(endTime - startTime);
startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
for(int i = 0; i < 100000; i++)
IsInt_ByRegex(non_int);
endTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
System.out.print("ByRegex - non-integer data: ");
System.out.println(endTime - startTime);
startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
for(int i = 0; i < 100000; i++)
IsInt_ByJonas(big_int);
endTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
System.out.print("\nByJonas - integer data: ");
System.out.println(endTime - startTime);
startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
for(int i = 0; i < 100000; i++)
IsInt_ByJonas(non_int);
endTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
System.out.print("ByJonas - non-integer data: ");
System.out.println(endTime - startTime);
}
private boolean IsInt_ByException(String str)
{
try
{
Integer.parseInt(str);
return true;
}
catch(NumberFormatException nfe)
{
return false;
}
}
private boolean IsInt_ByRegex(String str)
{
return str.matches("^-?\\d+$");
}
public boolean IsInt_ByJonas(String str)
{
if (str == null) {
return false;
}
int length = str.length();
if (length == 0) {
return false;
}
int i = 0;
if (str.charAt(0) == '-') {
if (length == 1) {
return false;
}
i = 1;
}
for (; i < length; i++) {
char c = str.charAt(i);
if (c <= '/' || c >= ':') {
return false;
}
}
return true;
}
Results:
ByException - integer data: 47
ByException - non-integer data: 547
ByRegex - integer data: 390
ByRegex - non-integer data: 313
ByJonas - integer data: 0
ByJonas - non-integer data: 16
This is shorter, but shorter isn't necessarily better (and it won't catch integer values which are out of range, as pointed out in danatel's comment):
input.matches("^-?\\d+$");
Personally, since the implementation is squirrelled away in a helper method and correctness trumps length, I would just go with something like what you have (minus catching the base Exception class rather than NumberFormatException).
several answers here saying to try parsing to an integer and catching the NumberFormatException but you should not do this.
That way would create exception object and generates a stack trace each time you called it and it was not an integer.
A better way with Java 8 would be to use a stream:
boolean isInteger = returnValue.chars().allMatch(Character::isDigit);
For kotlin, isDigitsOnly() (Also for Java's TextUtils.isDigitsOnly()) of String always returns false it has a negative sign in front though the rest of the character is digit only. For example -
/** For kotlin*/
var str = "-123"
str.isDigitsOnly() //Result will be false
/** For Java */
String str = "-123"
TextUtils.isDigitsOnly(str) //Result will be also false
So I made a quick fix by this -
var isDigit=str.matches("-?\\d+(\\.\\d+)?".toRegex())
/** Result will be true for now*/
a little improvement to @Jonas K anwser, this function will rule out one single operator like "*".
public boolean isInteger(String str) {
// null pointer
if (str == null) {
return false;
}
int len = str.length();
// empty string
if (len == 0) {
return false;
}
// one digit, cannot begin with 0
if (len == 1) {
char c = str.charAt(0);
if ((c < '1') || (c > '9')) {
return false;
}
}
for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {
char c = str.charAt(i);
// check positive, negative sign
if (i == 0) {
if (c == '-' || c == '+') {
continue;
}
}
// check each character matches [0-9]
if ((c < '0') || (c > '9')) {
return false;
}
}
return true;
}
Number number;
try {
number = NumberFormat.getInstance().parse("123");
} catch (ParseException e) {
//not a number - do recovery.
e.printStackTrace();
}
//use number
For kotlin, isDigitsOnly() (Also for Java's TextUtils.isDigitsOnly()) of String always returns false it has a negative sign in front though the rest of the character is digit only. For example -
/** For kotlin*/
var str = "-123"
str.isDigitsOnly() //Result will be false
/** For Java */
String str = "-123"
TextUtils.isDigitsOnly(str) //Result will be also false
So I made a quick fix by this -
var isDigit=str.matches("-?\\d+(\\.\\d+)?".toRegex())
/** Result will be true for now*/
Number number;
try {
number = NumberFormat.getInstance().parse("123");
} catch (ParseException e) {
//not a number - do recovery.
e.printStackTrace();
}
//use number
Just one comment about regexp. Every example provided here is wrong!. If you want to use regexp don't forget that compiling the pattern take a lot of time. This:
str.matches("^-?\\d+$")
and also this:
Pattern.matches("-?\\d+", input);
causes compile of pattern in every method call. To used it correctly follow:
import java.util.regex.Pattern;
/**
* @author Rastislav Komara
*/
public class NaturalNumberChecker {
public static final Pattern PATTERN = Pattern.compile("^\\d+$");
boolean isNaturalNumber(CharSequence input) {
return input != null && PATTERN.matcher(input).matches();
}
}
For those readers who arrive here like me years after the question was asked, I have a more general solution for this question.
/**
* Checks, if the string represents a number.
*
* @param string the string
* @return true, if the string is a number
*/
public static boolean isANumber(final String string) {
if (string != null) {
final int length = string.length();
if (length != 0) {
int i = 0;
if (string.charAt(0) == '-') {
if (length == 1) {
return false;
}
i++;
}
for (; i < length; i++) {
final char c = string.charAt(i);
if ((c <= PERIOD) || ((c >= COLON))) {
final String strC = Character.toString(c).toUpperCase();
final boolean isExponent = strC.equals("E");
final boolean isPeriod = (c == PERIOD);
final boolean isPlus = (c == PLUS);
if (!isExponent && !isPeriod && !isPlus) {
return false;
}
}
}
return true;
}
}
return false;
}
Source: Stackoverflow.com