NoClassDefFoundError while trying to run my jar with java exe -jar what s wrong

Question

I have an application that I m trying to wrap into a jar for easier deployment   The application compiles and runs fine  in a Windows cmd window  when run as a set of classes reachable from the CLASSPATH   But when I jar up my classes and try to run it with java 1 6 in the same cmd window  I start getting exceptions   C  dev myapp src common datagen gt C  apps jdk1 6 0 07 bin java exe -classpath C  myapp libs commons -logging-1 1 jar -server -jar DataGen jar Exception in thread  main  java lang NoClassDefFoundError  org apache commons logging LogFactory     at com example myapp fomc common datagen DataGenerationTest  lt clinit gt  Unknown Source  Caused by  java lang ClassNotFoundException  org apache commons logging LogFactory     at java net URLClassLoader 1 run URLClassLoader java 200      at java security AccessController doPrivileged Native Method      at java net URLClassLoader findClass URLClassLoader java 188      at java lang ClassLoader loadClass ClassLoader java 306      at sun misc Launcher AppClassLoader loadClass Launcher java 276      at java lang ClassLoader loadClass ClassLoader java 251      at java lang ClassLoader loadClassInternal ClassLoader java 319          1 more   The funny thing is  the offending LogFactory seems to be in commons-logging-1 1 jar  which is in the class path specified   The jar file  yep  it s really there    C  dev myapp src common datagen gt dir C  myapp libs commons-logging-1 1 jar  Volume in drive C is Local Disk  Volume Serial Number is ECCD-A6A7   Directory of C  myapp libs  12 11 2007  11 46 AM            52 915 commons-logging-1 1 jar            1 File s          52 915 bytes            0 Dir s   10 956 947 456 bytes free   The contents of the commons-logging-1 1 jar file   C  dev myapp src common datagen gt jar -tf C  myapp libs commons-logging-1 1 jar META-INF  META-INF MANIFEST MF org  org apache  org apache commons  org apache commons logging  org apache commons logging impl  META-INF LICENSE txt META-INF NOTICE txt org apache commons logging Log class org apache commons logging LogConfigurationException class org apache commons logging LogFactory 1 class org apache commons logging LogFactory 2 class org apache commons logging LogFactory 3 class org apache commons logging LogFactory 4 class org apache commons logging LogFactory 5 class org apache commons logging LogFactory class      more classes in commons-logging-1 1        Yep  commons-logging has the LogFactory class   And finally  the contents of my jar s manifest   Manifest-Version  1 0 Ant-Version  Apache Ant 1 6 5 Created-By  10 0-b23  Sun Microsystems Inc   Main-Class  com example myapp fomc common datagen DataGenerationTest Class-Path  commons-logging-1 1 jar commons-lang jar antlr jar toplink   jar GroboTestingJUnit-1 2 1-core jar junit jar   This has stumped me  and any coworkers I ve bugged for more than a day now   Just to cull the answers  for now at least  third party solutions to this are probably out due to licensing restrictions and company policies  e g   tools for creating exe s or packaging up jars    The ultimate goal is to create a jar that can be copied from my development Windows box to a Linux server  with any dependent jars  and used to populate a database  so classpaths may wind up being different between development and deployment environments    Any clues to this mystery would be greatly appreciated

User · Accepted Answer

The -jar option is mutually exclusive of -classpath. See an old description here

-jar

Execute a program encapsulated in a JAR file. The first argument is the name of a JAR file instead of a startup class name. In order for this option to work, the manifest of the JAR file must contain a line of the form Main-Class: classname. Here, classname identifies the class having the public static void main(String[] args) method that serves as your application's starting point.

See the Jar tool reference page and the Jar trail of the Java Tutorial for information about working with Jar files and Jar-file manifests.

When you use this option, the JAR file is the source of all user classes, and other user class path settings are ignored.

A quick and dirty hack is to append your classpath to the bootstrap classpath:

-Xbootclasspath/a:path

Specify a colon-separated path of directires, JAR archives, and ZIP archives to append to the default bootstrap class path.

However, as @Dan rightly says, the correct solution is to ensure your JARs Manifest contains the classpath for all JARs it will need.

User · Answer

if you use external libraries in your program and you try to pack all together in a jar file it s not that simple  because of classpath issues etc   I d prefer to use OneJar for this issue

User · Answer

if you use external libraries in your program and you try to pack all together in a jar file it s not that simple  because of classpath issues etc   I d prefer to use OneJar for this issue

User · Answer

i had the same problem with my jar the solution  Create the MANIFEST MF file    Manifest-Version  1 0 Sealed  true Class-Path    lib jarX1 jar lib jarX2 jar lib jarX3 jar Main-Class  com MainClass   Right click on project  Select Export    select export all outpout folders for checked project   select using existing manifest from workspace and select the MANIFEST MF file  This worked for me

User · Answer

if you use external libraries in your program and you try to pack all together in a jar file it s not that simple  because of classpath issues etc   I d prefer to use OneJar for this issue

User · Answer

I have found when I am using a manifest that the listing of jars for the classpath need to have a space after the listing of each jar e g   required lib sun pop3 jar required lib sun smtp jar    Even if it is the last in the list

User · Answer

You can omit the -jar option and start the jar file like this   java -cp MyJar jar C  externalJars   mainpackage MyMainClass

User · Answer

if you use external libraries in your program and you try to pack all together in a jar file it s not that simple  because of classpath issues etc   I d prefer to use OneJar for this issue

User · Answer

This is the problem that is occurring   if the JAR file was loaded from  C  java apps appli jar   and your manifest file has the  Class-Path  reference  lib other jar   the class loader will look in  C  java apps lib   for  other jar    It won t look at the JAR file entry  lib other jar    Solution -   Right click on project  Select Export  Select Java Folder and in it select Runnable JAR File instead of JAR file  Select the proper options and in the Library Handling section select the 3rd option i e   Copy  required libraries into a sub-folder next to the generated JAR       EDIT   3rd option generates a folder in addition to the jar  2nd option   Package required libraries into generated JAR   can also be used as you have the jar      Click finish and your JAR is created at the specified position along with a folder that contains the JARS mentioned in the manifest file  open the terminal give the proper path to your jar and run it using this command  java -jar abc jar   Now what will happen is the class loader will look in the correct folder for the referenced JARS  since now they are present in the same folder that contains your app JAR  There is no  java lang NoClassDefFoundError  exception thrown now    This worked for me    Hope it works for you too

User · Answer

i had the same problem with my jar the solution  Create the MANIFEST MF file    Manifest-Version  1 0 Sealed  true Class-Path    lib jarX1 jar lib jarX2 jar lib jarX3 jar Main-Class  com MainClass   Right click on project  Select Export    select export all outpout folders for checked project   select using existing manifest from workspace and select the MANIFEST MF file  This worked for me

User · Answer

This is the problem that is occurring   if the JAR file was loaded from  C  java apps appli jar   and your manifest file has the  Class-Path  reference  lib other jar   the class loader will look in  C  java apps lib   for  other jar    It won t look at the JAR file entry  lib other jar    Solution -   Right click on project  Select Export  Select Java Folder and in it select Runnable JAR File instead of JAR file  Select the proper options and in the Library Handling section select the 3rd option i e   Copy  required libraries into a sub-folder next to the generated JAR       EDIT   3rd option generates a folder in addition to the jar  2nd option   Package required libraries into generated JAR   can also be used as you have the jar      Click finish and your JAR is created at the specified position along with a folder that contains the JARS mentioned in the manifest file  open the terminal give the proper path to your jar and run it using this command  java -jar abc jar   Now what will happen is the class loader will look in the correct folder for the referenced JARS  since now they are present in the same folder that contains your app JAR  There is no  java lang NoClassDefFoundError  exception thrown now    This worked for me    Hope it works for you too

User · Answer

You can omit the -jar option and start the jar file like this   java -cp MyJar jar C  externalJars   mainpackage MyMainClass

User · Answer

I have found when I am using a manifest that the listing of jars for the classpath need to have a space after the listing of each jar e g   required lib sun pop3 jar required lib sun smtp jar    Even if it is the last in the list

[java] NoClassDefFoundError while trying to run my jar with java.exe -jar...what's wrong?

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