Is there an equivalent of which on the Windows command line

Question

As I sometimes have path problems  where one of my own cmd scripts is hidden  shadowed  by another program  earlier on the path   I would like to be able to find the full path to a program on the Windows command line  given just its name   Is there an equivalent to the UNIX command  which    On UNIX  which command prints the full path of the given command to easily find and repair these shadowing problems

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Just have to post this Windows  one liner batch file   C  gt type wh cmd  for   f in      do for   e in   PATHEXT   dll  lnk  do for   b in    f  e  do for   d in   PATH   do if exist   d   b echo   d   b   A test   C  gt wh ssh C  cygwin64 bin ssh EXE C  Windows System32 OpenSSH  ssh EXE   Not quite a one-liner if you wrap the code in setlocal enableextensions and endlocal

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If you can find a free Pascal compiler  you can compile this  At least it works and shows the algorithm necessary   program Whence  input  output     Uses Dos  my funk    Const program version    1 00           program date       17 March 1994     VAR   path str            string          command name        NameStr          command extension   ExtStr          command directory   DirStr          search dir          DirStr          result              DirStr      procedure Check for  file name   string         Check existence of the passed parameter  If exists  then state so           and exit                                                                begin     if Fsearch file name       lt  gt     then     begin       WriteLn  DOS command      Fexpand file name          Halt 0        structured   whaddayamean structured         end    end     function Get next dir   DirStr        Returns the next directory from the path variable  truncating the           variable every time  Implicit input  but not passed as parameter            is  therefore  path str                                                   var  semic pos   Byte     begin       semic pos    Pos      path str         if  semic pos   0  then       begin         Get next dir                Exit        end         result    Copy Path str  1   semic pos - 1       return result             Hmm  although  I  never reference a Root drive  my directory tree            is 1 2 way structured   some network logon software which I run              does  it adds Z   to the path   This means that I have to allow              path entries with  amp  without a terminating backslash  I ll delete             anysuch here since I always add one in the main program below              if  Copy result   Length result    1         then          Delete result  Length result   1          path str    Copy path str  semic pos   1                           length path str  - semic pos          Get next dir    result    end     Of function get next dir    begin     The following is a kludge which makes the function Get next dir easier        to implement  By appending a semi-colon to the end of the path               Get next dir doesn t need to handle the special case of the last entry       which normally doesn t have a semic afterwards  It may be a kludge           but it s a documented kludge  you might even call it a refinement          path str    GetEnv  Path             if  paramCount   0  then   begin     WriteLn  Whence  V   program version    from    program date       Writeln      WriteLn  Usage  WHENCE command  extension         WriteLn      WriteLn  Whence is a   find file  type utility witha difference        Writeln  There are are already more than enough of those  -         Write    Use Whence when you  re not sure where a command which you         WriteLn  want to invoke        WriteLn  actually resides         Write    If you intend to invoke the command with an extension e g         Writeln   my cmd exe param         Write    then invoke Whence with the same extension e g         WriteLn   Whence my cmd exe         Write    otherwise a simple  Whence my cmd  will suffice  Whence will         Write    then search the current directory and each directory in the         Write    for My cmd com  then My cmd exe and lastly for my cmd bat          Write    just as DOS does        Halt 0     end     Fsplit paramStr 1   command directory  command name  command extension     if  command directory  lt  gt      then   begin WriteLn  directory detected     command directory            Halt 0     end     if  command extension  lt  gt      then   begin     path str    Fsearch paramstr 1             Current directory       if    path str  lt  gt      then WriteLn  Dos command       Fexpand path str            else     begin       path str    Fsearch paramstr 1   GetEnv  path           if  path str  lt  gt      then WriteLn  Dos command       Fexpand path str                                  else Writeln  command not found in path         end    end   else   begin       O K  the way it works  DOS looks for a command firstly in the current          directory  then in each directory in the Path  If no extension is              given and several commands of the same name exist  then  COM has               priority over  EXE  has priority over  BAT                                    Check for paramstr 1      com          won t return if file is found       Check for paramstr 1      exe        Check for paramstr 1      bat           Not in current directory  search through path            search dir    Get next dir       while  search dir  lt  gt      do     begin        Check for search dir         paramstr 1      com           Check for search dir         paramstr 1      exe           Check for search dir         paramstr 1      bat           search dir    Get next dir      end       WriteLn  DOS command not found     paramstr 1      end  end

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Windows Server 2003 and later  i e  anything after Windows XP 32 bit  provide the where exe program which does some of what which does  though it matches all types of files  not just executable commands    It does not match built-in shell commands like cd    It will even accept wildcards  so where nt  finds all files in your  PATH  and current directory whose names start with nt   Try where    for help   Note that Windows PowerShell defines where as an alias for the Where-Object cmdlet  so if you want where exe  you need to type the full name instead of omitting the  exe extension

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The GnuWin32 tools have which  along with a whole slew of other Unix tools

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TCC and TCC LE from JPSoft are CMD EXE replacements that add significant functionality   Relevant to the OP s question  which is a builtin command for TCC family command processors

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Windows Server 2003 and later  i e  anything after Windows XP 32 bit  provide the where exe program which does some of what which does  though it matches all types of files  not just executable commands    It does not match built-in shell commands like cd    It will even accept wildcards  so where nt  finds all files in your  PATH  and current directory whose names start with nt   Try where    for help   Note that Windows PowerShell defines where as an alias for the Where-Object cmdlet  so if you want where exe  you need to type the full name instead of omitting the  exe extension

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Go get unxutils from here  http   sourceforge net projects unxutils   gold on windows platforms  puts all the nice unix utilities on a standard windows DOS  Been using it for years   It has a  which  included  Note that it s case sensitive though   NB  to install it explode the zip somewhere and add     UnxUtils usr local wbin  to your system path env variable

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While later versions of Windows have a where command  you can also do this with Windows XP by using the environment variable modifiers  as follows   c   gt  for  i in  cmd exe  do  echo       PATH i    C  WINDOWS system32 cmd exe  c   gt  for  i in  python exe  do  echo       PATH i    C  Python25 python exe   You don t need any extra tools and it s not limited to PATH since you can substitute any environment variable  in the path format  of course  that you wish to use     And  if you want one that can handle all the extensions in PATHEXT  as Windows itself does   this one does the trick    echo off setlocal enableextensions enabledelayedexpansion     Needs an argument   if  x 1    x        echo Usage  which   lt progName  gt      goto  end       First try the unadorned filenmame   set fullspec  call  find it  1     Then try all adorned filenames in order   set mypathext  pathext   loop1        Stop if found or out of extensions       if  x mypathext     x  goto  loop1end         Get the next extension and try it       for  f  delims      j in    mypathext    do set myext   j     call  find it  1 myext      Remove the extension  not overly efficient but it works     loop2     if not  x myext     x            set myext  myext  1          set mypathext  mypathext  1          goto  loop2           if not  x mypathext     x  set mypathext  mypathext  1       goto  loop1  loop1end   end endlocal goto  eof     Function to find and print a file in the path    find it     for   i in   1  do set fullspec     PATH i     if not  x fullspec     x   echo     fullspec      goto  eof   It actually returns all possibilities but you can tweak it quite easily for specific search rules

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You can first install Git from Downloading Git  and then open Git Bash and type   which app-name

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Here is a function which I made to find executable similar to the Unix command  WHICH  app path func cmd   ECHO OFF CLS  FOR  F  quot skip 2 tokens 1 2  USEBACKQ quot    N IN   reg query  quot HKLM SOFTWARE Microsoft Windows CurrentVersion App Paths   1 quot   t REG SZ   v  quot Path quot    DO    IF  I  quot   N quot      quot Path quot      SET wherepath   P  1   GoTo Found       FOR  F  quot tokens   USEBACKQ quot    F IN   where exe   1   DO    SET wherepath   F  GoTo Found    FOR  F  quot tokens   USEBACKQ quot    F IN   where exe  R  quot  PROGRAMFILES  quot    1   DO    SET wherepath   F  GoTo Found    FOR  F  quot tokens   USEBACKQ quot    F IN   where exe  R  quot  PROGRAMFILES x86   quot    1   DO    SET wherepath   F  GoTo Found    FOR  F  quot tokens   USEBACKQ quot    F IN   where exe  R  quot  WINDIR  quot    1   DO    SET wherepath   F  GoTo Found     Found SET  2  wherepath   End  Test   ECHO OFF CLS  CALL  quot app path func cmd quot  WINWORD EXE PROGPATH ECHO  PROGPATH   PAUSE  Result  C  Program Files  x86  Microsoft Office Office15  Press any key to continue        https   www freesoftwareservers com display FREES Find Executable via Batch - Microsoft Office Example - WINWORD - Find Microsoft Office Path

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I have created tool similar to Ned Batchelder   Searching  dll and  exe files in PATH  While my tool is primarly for searching of various dll versions it shows more info  date  size  version  but it do not use PATHEXT  I hope to update my tool soon

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I am using GOW  GNU on Windows  which is a light version of Cygwin  You can grab it from GitHub here      GOW  GNU on Windows  is the lightweight alternative to Cygwin  It uses   a convenient Windows installer that installs about 130 extremely   useful open source UNIX applications compiled as native win32   binaries  It is designed to be as small as possible  about 10 MB  as   opposed to Cygwin which can run well over 100 MB depending upon   options  - About Description Brent R  Matzelle    A screenshot of a list of commands included in GOW

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While later versions of Windows have a where command  you can also do this with Windows XP by using the environment variable modifiers  as follows   c   gt  for  i in  cmd exe  do  echo       PATH i    C  WINDOWS system32 cmd exe  c   gt  for  i in  python exe  do  echo       PATH i    C  Python25 python exe   You don t need any extra tools and it s not limited to PATH since you can substitute any environment variable  in the path format  of course  that you wish to use     And  if you want one that can handle all the extensions in PATHEXT  as Windows itself does   this one does the trick    echo off setlocal enableextensions enabledelayedexpansion     Needs an argument   if  x 1    x        echo Usage  which   lt progName  gt      goto  end       First try the unadorned filenmame   set fullspec  call  find it  1     Then try all adorned filenames in order   set mypathext  pathext   loop1        Stop if found or out of extensions       if  x mypathext     x  goto  loop1end         Get the next extension and try it       for  f  delims      j in    mypathext    do set myext   j     call  find it  1 myext      Remove the extension  not overly efficient but it works     loop2     if not  x myext     x            set myext  myext  1          set mypathext  mypathext  1          goto  loop2           if not  x mypathext     x  set mypathext  mypathext  1       goto  loop1  loop1end   end endlocal goto  eof     Function to find and print a file in the path    find it     for   i in   1  do set fullspec     PATH i     if not  x fullspec     x   echo     fullspec      goto  eof   It actually returns all possibilities but you can tweak it quite easily for specific search rules

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For you Windows nbsp XP users  who have no where command built-in   I have written a  where like  command as a rubygem called whichr   To install it  install Ruby   Then  gem install whichr   Run it like   C   whichr cmd here

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I have used the which module from npm for quite a while  and it works very well  https   www npmjs com package which It is a great multi platform alternative   Now I switched to the which that comes with Git  Just add to your path the  usr bin path from Git  which is usually at C  Program Files Git usr bin which exe  The which binary will be at C  Program Files Git usr bin which exe  It is faster and also works as expected

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Not in stock Windows but it is provided by Services for Unix and there are several simple batch scripts floating around that accomplish the same thing such this this one

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Windows Server 2003 and later  i e  anything after Windows XP 32 bit  provide the where exe program which does some of what which does  though it matches all types of files  not just executable commands    It does not match built-in shell commands like cd    It will even accept wildcards  so where nt  finds all files in your  PATH  and current directory whose names start with nt   Try where    for help   Note that Windows PowerShell defines where as an alias for the Where-Object cmdlet  so if you want where exe  you need to type the full name instead of omitting the  exe extension

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You can first install Git from Downloading Git  and then open Git Bash and type   which app-name

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None of the Win32 ports of Unix which that I could find on the Internet are satistactory  because they all have one or more of these shortcomings    No support for Windows PATHEXT variable   Which defines the list of extensions implicitely added to each command before scanning the path  and in which order    I use a lot of tcl scripts  and no publicly available which tool could find them   No support for cmd exe code pages  which makes them display paths with non-ascii characters incorrectly   I m very sensitive to that  with the    in my first name  -   No support for the distinct search rules in cmd exe and the PowerShell command line   No publicly available tool will find  ps1 scripts in a PowerShell window  but not in a cmd window     So I eventually wrote my own which  that suports all the above correctly   Available there  http   jf larvoire free fr progs which exe

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Here is a function which I made to find executable similar to the Unix command  WHICH  app path func cmd   ECHO OFF CLS  FOR  F  quot skip 2 tokens 1 2  USEBACKQ quot    N IN   reg query  quot HKLM SOFTWARE Microsoft Windows CurrentVersion App Paths   1 quot   t REG SZ   v  quot Path quot    DO    IF  I  quot   N quot      quot Path quot      SET wherepath   P  1   GoTo Found       FOR  F  quot tokens   USEBACKQ quot    F IN   where exe   1   DO    SET wherepath   F  GoTo Found    FOR  F  quot tokens   USEBACKQ quot    F IN   where exe  R  quot  PROGRAMFILES  quot    1   DO    SET wherepath   F  GoTo Found    FOR  F  quot tokens   USEBACKQ quot    F IN   where exe  R  quot  PROGRAMFILES x86   quot    1   DO    SET wherepath   F  GoTo Found    FOR  F  quot tokens   USEBACKQ quot    F IN   where exe  R  quot  WINDIR  quot    1   DO    SET wherepath   F  GoTo Found     Found SET  2  wherepath   End  Test   ECHO OFF CLS  CALL  quot app path func cmd quot  WINWORD EXE PROGPATH ECHO  PROGPATH   PAUSE  Result  C  Program Files  x86  Microsoft Office Office15  Press any key to continue        https   www freesoftwareservers com display FREES Find Executable via Batch - Microsoft Office Example - WINWORD - Find Microsoft Office Path

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This batch file uses CMD variable handling to find the command that would be executed in the path  Note  that the current directory is always done before the path  and depending on which API call is used other locations are searched before after the path    echo off echo   echo PathFind - Finds the first file in in a path echo                                              echo   echo Searching for  1 in  path  echo   set a    PATH 1 If   a        Echo  1 not found  else  echo  1 found at  a     See set    for help

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Under PowerShell  Get-Command will find executables anywhere in  Env PATH   Get-Command eventvwr  CommandType   Name          Definition -----------   ----          ---------- Application   eventvwr exe  c  windows system32 eventvwr exe Application   eventvwr msc  c  windows system32 eventvwr msc   It also finds PowerShell cmdlets  functions  aliases  files with custom executables extensions via  Env PATHEXT  etc  defined for the current shell  quite akin to Bash s type -a foo  - making it a better go-to than other tools like where exe  which exe  etc which are unaware of these PowerShell commands   Finding executables using only part of the name  gcm  disk   CommandType     Name                             Version    Source -----------     ----                             -------    ------ Alias           Disable-PhysicalDiskIndication   2 0 0 0    Storage Alias           Enable-PhysicalDiskIndication    2 0 0 0    Storage Function        Add-PhysicalDisk                 2 0 0 0    Storage Function        Add-VirtualDiskToMaskingSet      2 0 0 0    Storage Function        Clear-Disk                       2 0 0 0    Storage Cmdlet          Get-PmemDisk                     1 0 0 0    PersistentMemory Cmdlet          New-PmemDisk                     1 0 0 0    PersistentMemory Cmdlet          Remove-PmemDisk                  1 0 0 0    PersistentMemory Application     diskmgmt msc                     0 0 0 0    C  WINDOWS system32 diskmgmt msc Application     diskpart exe                     10 0 17    C  WINDOWS system32 diskpart exe Application     diskperf exe                     10 0 17    C  WINDOWS system32 diskperf exe Application     diskraid exe                     10 0 17    C  WINDOWS system32 diskraid exe       Finding custom executables  To find other non-windows executables  python  ruby  perl  etc   file extensions for those executables need to be added to the PATHEXT environmental variable  defaults to  COM  EXE  BAT  CMD  VBS  VBE  JS  JSE  WSF  WSH  MSC  CPL  to identify files with these extensions in the PATH as executable  As Get-Command also honours this variable  it can be extended to list custom executables  e g    Env PATHEXT   Env PATHEXT  dll  ps1  psm1  py        temporary assignment  only for this shell s process  gcm user32 kernel32  WASM   http py  CommandType     Name                        Version    Source -----------     ----                        -------    ------ ExternalScript  Invoke-WASMProfiler ps1                C  WINDOWS System32 WindowsPowerShell v1 0 Invoke-WASMProfiler ps1 Application     http-server py              0 0 0 0    C  Users ME AppData Local Microsoft WindowsApps http-server py Application     kernel32 dll                10 0 17    C  WINDOWS system32 kernel32 dll Application     user32 dll                  10 0 17    C  WINDOWS system32 user32 dll   You can quickly set up an alias with sal which gcm  short form of set-alias which get-command    More information and examples can be found under the online help for Get-Command

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In Windows PowerShell   set-alias which where exe

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I have used the which module from npm for quite a while  and it works very well  https   www npmjs com package which It is a great multi platform alternative   Now I switched to the which that comes with Git  Just add to your path the  usr bin path from Git  which is usually at C  Program Files Git usr bin which exe  The which binary will be at C  Program Files Git usr bin which exe  It is faster and also works as expected

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try this  set a    dir 1 If   for        Echo  1 not found  else  echo  1 found at  a

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In Windows PowerShell   set-alias which where exe

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While later versions of Windows have a where command  you can also do this with Windows XP by using the environment variable modifiers  as follows   c   gt  for  i in  cmd exe  do  echo       PATH i    C  WINDOWS system32 cmd exe  c   gt  for  i in  python exe  do  echo       PATH i    C  Python25 python exe   You don t need any extra tools and it s not limited to PATH since you can substitute any environment variable  in the path format  of course  that you wish to use     And  if you want one that can handle all the extensions in PATHEXT  as Windows itself does   this one does the trick    echo off setlocal enableextensions enabledelayedexpansion     Needs an argument   if  x 1    x        echo Usage  which   lt progName  gt      goto  end       First try the unadorned filenmame   set fullspec  call  find it  1     Then try all adorned filenames in order   set mypathext  pathext   loop1        Stop if found or out of extensions       if  x mypathext     x  goto  loop1end         Get the next extension and try it       for  f  delims      j in    mypathext    do set myext   j     call  find it  1 myext      Remove the extension  not overly efficient but it works     loop2     if not  x myext     x            set myext  myext  1          set mypathext  mypathext  1          goto  loop2           if not  x mypathext     x  set mypathext  mypathext  1       goto  loop1  loop1end   end endlocal goto  eof     Function to find and print a file in the path    find it     for   i in   1  do set fullspec     PATH i     if not  x fullspec     x   echo     fullspec      goto  eof   It actually returns all possibilities but you can tweak it quite easily for specific search rules

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In Windows CMD which calls where     where php C  Program Files PHP php exe

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Go get unxutils from here  http   sourceforge net projects unxutils   gold on windows platforms  puts all the nice unix utilities on a standard windows DOS  Been using it for years   It has a  which  included  Note that it s case sensitive though   NB  to install it explode the zip somewhere and add     UnxUtils usr local wbin  to your system path env variable

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The best version of this I ve found on Windows is Joseph Newcomer s  whereis  utility  which is available  with source  from his site   The article about the development of  whereis  is worth reading

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If you have PowerShell installed  which I recommend   you can use the following command as a rough equivalent  substitute programName for your executable s name      Env Path  Split        Get-ChildItem -filter programName    More is here  My Manwich  PowerShell Which

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Not in stock Windows but it is provided by Services for Unix and there are several simple batch scripts floating around that accomplish the same thing such this this one

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The best version of this I ve found on Windows is Joseph Newcomer s  whereis  utility  which is available  with source  from his site   The article about the development of  whereis  is worth reading

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This batch file uses CMD variable handling to find the command that would be executed in the path  Note  that the current directory is always done before the path  and depending on which API call is used other locations are searched before after the path    echo off echo   echo PathFind - Finds the first file in in a path echo                                              echo   echo Searching for  1 in  path  echo   set a    PATH 1 If   a        Echo  1 not found  else  echo  1 found at  a     See set    for help

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It is possible to download all of the UNIX commands compiled for Windows  including which from this GitHub repository  https   github com George-Ogden UNIX

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In PowerShell  it is gcm  which gives formatted information about other commands  If you want to retrieve only path to executable  use  Source   For instance  gcm git or  gcm git  Source  Tidbits    Available for Windows XP  Available since PowerShell 1 0  gcm is an alias of Get-Command cmdlet  Without any parameters  it lists down all the available commands offered by the host shell  You can create a custom alias with Set-Alias which gcm and use it like   which git  Source  Official docs  https   technet microsoft com en-us library ee176842 aspx

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While later versions of Windows have a where command  you can also do this with Windows XP by using the environment variable modifiers  as follows   c   gt  for  i in  cmd exe  do  echo       PATH i    C  WINDOWS system32 cmd exe  c   gt  for  i in  python exe  do  echo       PATH i    C  Python25 python exe   You don t need any extra tools and it s not limited to PATH since you can substitute any environment variable  in the path format  of course  that you wish to use     And  if you want one that can handle all the extensions in PATHEXT  as Windows itself does   this one does the trick    echo off setlocal enableextensions enabledelayedexpansion     Needs an argument   if  x 1    x        echo Usage  which   lt progName  gt      goto  end       First try the unadorned filenmame   set fullspec  call  find it  1     Then try all adorned filenames in order   set mypathext  pathext   loop1        Stop if found or out of extensions       if  x mypathext     x  goto  loop1end         Get the next extension and try it       for  f  delims      j in    mypathext    do set myext   j     call  find it  1 myext      Remove the extension  not overly efficient but it works     loop2     if not  x myext     x            set myext  myext  1          set mypathext  mypathext  1          goto  loop2           if not  x mypathext     x  set mypathext  mypathext  1       goto  loop1  loop1end   end endlocal goto  eof     Function to find and print a file in the path    find it     for   i in   1  do set fullspec     PATH i     if not  x fullspec     x   echo     fullspec      goto  eof   It actually returns all possibilities but you can tweak it quite easily for specific search rules

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In PowerShell  it is gcm  which gives formatted information about other commands  If you want to retrieve only path to executable  use  Source   For instance  gcm git or  gcm git  Source  Tidbits    Available for Windows XP  Available since PowerShell 1 0  gcm is an alias of Get-Command cmdlet  Without any parameters  it lists down all the available commands offered by the host shell  You can create a custom alias with Set-Alias which gcm and use it like   which git  Source  Official docs  https   technet microsoft com en-us library ee176842 aspx

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If you have PowerShell installed  which I recommend   you can use the following command as a rough equivalent  substitute programName for your executable s name      Env Path  Split        Get-ChildItem -filter programName    More is here  My Manwich  PowerShell Which

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I have a function in my PowerShell profile named  which   function which       get-command  args 0   format-list     Here s what the output looks like   PS C  Users fez gt  which python   Name              python exe CommandType       Application Definition        C  Python27 python exe Extension          exe Path              C  Python27 python exe FileVersionInfo   File              C  Python27 python exe                   InternalName                    OriginalFilename                    FileVersion                    FileDescription                    Product                    ProductVersion                    Debug             False                   Patched           False                   PreRelease        False                   PrivateBuild      False                   SpecialBuild      False                   Language

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If you can find a free Pascal compiler  you can compile this  At least it works and shows the algorithm necessary   program Whence  input  output     Uses Dos  my funk    Const program version    1 00           program date       17 March 1994     VAR   path str            string          command name        NameStr          command extension   ExtStr          command directory   DirStr          search dir          DirStr          result              DirStr      procedure Check for  file name   string         Check existence of the passed parameter  If exists  then state so           and exit                                                                begin     if Fsearch file name       lt  gt     then     begin       WriteLn  DOS command      Fexpand file name          Halt 0        structured   whaddayamean structured         end    end     function Get next dir   DirStr        Returns the next directory from the path variable  truncating the           variable every time  Implicit input  but not passed as parameter            is  therefore  path str                                                   var  semic pos   Byte     begin       semic pos    Pos      path str         if  semic pos   0  then       begin         Get next dir                Exit        end         result    Copy Path str  1   semic pos - 1       return result             Hmm  although  I  never reference a Root drive  my directory tree            is 1 2 way structured   some network logon software which I run              does  it adds Z   to the path   This means that I have to allow              path entries with  amp  without a terminating backslash  I ll delete             anysuch here since I always add one in the main program below              if  Copy result   Length result    1         then          Delete result  Length result   1          path str    Copy path str  semic pos   1                           length path str  - semic pos          Get next dir    result    end     Of function get next dir    begin     The following is a kludge which makes the function Get next dir easier        to implement  By appending a semi-colon to the end of the path               Get next dir doesn t need to handle the special case of the last entry       which normally doesn t have a semic afterwards  It may be a kludge           but it s a documented kludge  you might even call it a refinement          path str    GetEnv  Path             if  paramCount   0  then   begin     WriteLn  Whence  V   program version    from    program date       Writeln      WriteLn  Usage  WHENCE command  extension         WriteLn      WriteLn  Whence is a   find file  type utility witha difference        Writeln  There are are already more than enough of those  -         Write    Use Whence when you  re not sure where a command which you         WriteLn  want to invoke        WriteLn  actually resides         Write    If you intend to invoke the command with an extension e g         Writeln   my cmd exe param         Write    then invoke Whence with the same extension e g         WriteLn   Whence my cmd exe         Write    otherwise a simple  Whence my cmd  will suffice  Whence will         Write    then search the current directory and each directory in the         Write    for My cmd com  then My cmd exe and lastly for my cmd bat          Write    just as DOS does        Halt 0     end     Fsplit paramStr 1   command directory  command name  command extension     if  command directory  lt  gt      then   begin WriteLn  directory detected     command directory            Halt 0     end     if  command extension  lt  gt      then   begin     path str    Fsearch paramstr 1             Current directory       if    path str  lt  gt      then WriteLn  Dos command       Fexpand path str            else     begin       path str    Fsearch paramstr 1   GetEnv  path           if  path str  lt  gt      then WriteLn  Dos command       Fexpand path str                                  else Writeln  command not found in path         end    end   else   begin       O K  the way it works  DOS looks for a command firstly in the current          directory  then in each directory in the Path  If no extension is              given and several commands of the same name exist  then  COM has               priority over  EXE  has priority over  BAT                                    Check for paramstr 1      com          won t return if file is found       Check for paramstr 1      exe        Check for paramstr 1      bat           Not in current directory  search through path            search dir    Get next dir       while  search dir  lt  gt      do     begin        Check for search dir         paramstr 1      com           Check for search dir         paramstr 1      exe           Check for search dir         paramstr 1      bat           search dir    Get next dir      end       WriteLn  DOS command not found     paramstr 1      end  end

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I have a function in my PowerShell profile named  which   function which       get-command  args 0   format-list     Here s what the output looks like   PS C  Users fez gt  which python   Name              python exe CommandType       Application Definition        C  Python27 python exe Extension          exe Path              C  Python27 python exe FileVersionInfo   File              C  Python27 python exe                   InternalName                    OriginalFilename                    FileVersion                    FileDescription                    Product                    ProductVersion                    Debug             False                   Patched           False                   PreRelease        False                   PrivateBuild      False                   SpecialBuild      False                   Language

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For you Windows nbsp XP users  who have no where command built-in   I have written a  where like  command as a rubygem called whichr   To install it  install Ruby   Then  gem install whichr   Run it like   C   whichr cmd here

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I am using GOW  GNU on Windows  which is a light version of Cygwin  You can grab it from GitHub here      GOW  GNU on Windows  is the lightweight alternative to Cygwin  It uses   a convenient Windows installer that installs about 130 extremely   useful open source UNIX applications compiled as native win32   binaries  It is designed to be as small as possible  about 10 MB  as   opposed to Cygwin which can run well over 100 MB depending upon   options  - About Description Brent R  Matzelle    A screenshot of a list of commands included in GOW

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The GnuWin32 tools have which  along with a whole slew of other Unix tools

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Not in stock Windows but it is provided by Services for Unix and there are several simple batch scripts floating around that accomplish the same thing such this this one

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I have created tool similar to Ned Batchelder   Searching  dll and  exe files in PATH  While my tool is primarly for searching of various dll versions it shows more info  date  size  version  but it do not use PATHEXT  I hope to update my tool soon

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TCC and TCC LE from JPSoft are CMD EXE replacements that add significant functionality   Relevant to the OP s question  which is a builtin command for TCC family command processors

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Just have to post this Windows  one liner batch file   C  gt type wh cmd  for   f in      do for   e in   PATHEXT   dll  lnk  do for   b in    f  e  do for   d in   PATH   do if exist   d   b echo   d   b   A test   C  gt wh ssh C  cygwin64 bin ssh EXE C  Windows System32 OpenSSH  ssh EXE   Not quite a one-liner if you wrap the code in setlocal enableextensions and endlocal

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The GnuWin32 tools have which  along with a whole slew of other Unix tools

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I have created tool similar to Ned Batchelder   Searching  dll and  exe files in PATH  While my tool is primarly for searching of various dll versions it shows more info  date  size  version  but it do not use PATHEXT  I hope to update my tool soon

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Windows Server 2003 and later  i e  anything after Windows XP 32 bit  provide the where exe program which does some of what which does  though it matches all types of files  not just executable commands    It does not match built-in shell commands like cd    It will even accept wildcards  so where nt  finds all files in your  PATH  and current directory whose names start with nt   Try where    for help   Note that Windows PowerShell defines where as an alias for the Where-Object cmdlet  so if you want where exe  you need to type the full name instead of omitting the  exe extension

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The best version of this I ve found on Windows is Joseph Newcomer s  whereis  utility  which is available  with source  from his site   The article about the development of  whereis  is worth reading

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Cygwin is a solution  If you don t mind using a third-party solution  then Cygwin is the way to go   Cygwin gives you the comfort of  nix in the Windows environment  and you can use it in your Windows command shell  or use a  nix shell of your choice   It gives you a whole host of  nix commands  like which  for Windows  and you can just include that directory in your PATH

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try this  set a    dir 1 If   for        Echo  1 not found  else  echo  1 found at  a

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If you have PowerShell installed  which I recommend   you can use the following command as a rough equivalent  substitute programName for your executable s name      Env Path  Split        Get-ChildItem -filter programName    More is here  My Manwich  PowerShell Which

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Not in stock Windows but it is provided by Services for Unix and there are several simple batch scripts floating around that accomplish the same thing such this this one

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Cygwin is a solution  If you don t mind using a third-party solution  then Cygwin is the way to go   Cygwin gives you the comfort of  nix in the Windows environment  and you can use it in your Windows command shell  or use a  nix shell of your choice   It gives you a whole host of  nix commands  like which  for Windows  and you can just include that directory in your PATH

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In Windows CMD which calls where     where php C  Program Files PHP php exe

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The GnuWin32 tools have which  along with a whole slew of other Unix tools

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It is possible to download all of the UNIX commands compiled for Windows  including which from this GitHub repository  https   github com George-Ogden UNIX

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The best version of this I ve found on Windows is Joseph Newcomer s  whereis  utility  which is available  with source  from his site   The article about the development of  whereis  is worth reading

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I have created tool similar to Ned Batchelder   Searching  dll and  exe files in PATH  While my tool is primarly for searching of various dll versions it shows more info  date  size  version  but it do not use PATHEXT  I hope to update my tool soon

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Under PowerShell  Get-Command will find executables anywhere in  Env PATH   Get-Command eventvwr  CommandType   Name          Definition -----------   ----          ---------- Application   eventvwr exe  c  windows system32 eventvwr exe Application   eventvwr msc  c  windows system32 eventvwr msc   It also finds PowerShell cmdlets  functions  aliases  files with custom executables extensions via  Env PATHEXT  etc  defined for the current shell  quite akin to Bash s type -a foo  - making it a better go-to than other tools like where exe  which exe  etc which are unaware of these PowerShell commands   Finding executables using only part of the name  gcm  disk   CommandType     Name                             Version    Source -----------     ----                             -------    ------ Alias           Disable-PhysicalDiskIndication   2 0 0 0    Storage Alias           Enable-PhysicalDiskIndication    2 0 0 0    Storage Function        Add-PhysicalDisk                 2 0 0 0    Storage Function        Add-VirtualDiskToMaskingSet      2 0 0 0    Storage Function        Clear-Disk                       2 0 0 0    Storage Cmdlet          Get-PmemDisk                     1 0 0 0    PersistentMemory Cmdlet          New-PmemDisk                     1 0 0 0    PersistentMemory Cmdlet          Remove-PmemDisk                  1 0 0 0    PersistentMemory Application     diskmgmt msc                     0 0 0 0    C  WINDOWS system32 diskmgmt msc Application     diskpart exe                     10 0 17    C  WINDOWS system32 diskpart exe Application     diskperf exe                     10 0 17    C  WINDOWS system32 diskperf exe Application     diskraid exe                     10 0 17    C  WINDOWS system32 diskraid exe       Finding custom executables  To find other non-windows executables  python  ruby  perl  etc   file extensions for those executables need to be added to the PATHEXT environmental variable  defaults to  COM  EXE  BAT  CMD  VBS  VBE  JS  JSE  WSF  WSH  MSC  CPL  to identify files with these extensions in the PATH as executable  As Get-Command also honours this variable  it can be extended to list custom executables  e g    Env PATHEXT   Env PATHEXT  dll  ps1  psm1  py        temporary assignment  only for this shell s process  gcm user32 kernel32  WASM   http py  CommandType     Name                        Version    Source -----------     ----                        -------    ------ ExternalScript  Invoke-WASMProfiler ps1                C  WINDOWS System32 WindowsPowerShell v1 0 Invoke-WASMProfiler ps1 Application     http-server py              0 0 0 0    C  Users ME AppData Local Microsoft WindowsApps http-server py Application     kernel32 dll                10 0 17    C  WINDOWS system32 kernel32 dll Application     user32 dll                  10 0 17    C  WINDOWS system32 user32 dll   You can quickly set up an alias with sal which gcm  short form of set-alias which get-command    More information and examples can be found under the online help for Get-Command

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None of the Win32 ports of Unix which that I could find on the Internet are satistactory  because they all have one or more of these shortcomings    No support for Windows PATHEXT variable   Which defines the list of extensions implicitely added to each command before scanning the path  and in which order    I use a lot of tcl scripts  and no publicly available which tool could find them   No support for cmd exe code pages  which makes them display paths with non-ascii characters incorrectly   I m very sensitive to that  with the    in my first name  -   No support for the distinct search rules in cmd exe and the PowerShell command line   No publicly available tool will find  ps1 scripts in a PowerShell window  but not in a cmd window     So I eventually wrote my own which  that suports all the above correctly   Available there  http   jf larvoire free fr progs which exe

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If you have PowerShell installed  which I recommend   you can use the following command as a rough equivalent  substitute programName for your executable s name      Env Path  Split        Get-ChildItem -filter programName    More is here  My Manwich  PowerShell Which

[windows] Is there an equivalent of 'which' on the Windows command line?

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