[git] How can I view an old version of a file with Git?

Is there a command in Git to see (either dumped to stdout, or in $PAGER or $EDITOR) a particular version of a particular file?

Doing this by date looks like this if the commit happened within the last 90 days:

git show HEAD@{2013-02-25}:./fileInCurrentDirectory.txt

Note that HEAD@{2013-02-25} means "where HEAD was on 2013-02-25" in this repository (using the reflog), not "the last commit before 2013-02-25 in this branch in history".

This is important! It means that, by default, this method only works for history within the last 90 days. Otherwise, you need to do this:

git show $(git rev-list -1 --before="2013-02-26" HEAD):./fileInCurrentDirectory.txt

You can use a script like this to dump all the versions of a file to separate files:

e.g.

git_dump_all_versions_of_a_file.sh path/to/somefile.txt

Get the script here as an answer to another similar question

In addition to Jim Hunziker's answer,

you can export the file from the revision as,

git show HEAD@{2013-02-25}:./fileInCurrentDirectory.txt > old_fileInCurrentDirectory.txt

Hope this helps :)

Helper to fetch multiple files from a given revision

When trying to resolve merge conflicts, this helper is very useful:

#!/usr/bin/env python3

import argparse
import os
import subprocess

parser = argparse.ArgumentParser()
parser.add_argument('revision')
parser.add_argument('files', nargs='+')
args = parser.parse_args()
toplevel = subprocess.check_output(['git', 'rev-parse', '--show-toplevel']).rstrip().decode()
for path in args.files:
    file_relative = os.path.relpath(os.path.abspath(path), toplevel)
    base, ext = os.path.splitext(path)
    new_path = base + '.old' + ext
    with open(new_path, 'w') as f:
        subprocess.call(['git', 'show', '{}:./{}'.format(args.revision, path)], stdout=f)

GitHub upstream.

Usage:

git-show-save other-branch file1.c path/to/file2.cpp

Outcome: the following contain the alternate versions of the files:

file1.old.c
path/to/file2.old.cpp

This way, you keep the file extension so your editor won't complain, and can easily find the old file just next to the newer one.

You can also specify a commit hash (often also called commit ID) with the git show command.

In a nutshell

git show <commitHash>:/path/to/file

Step by step

1. Show the log of all the changes for a given file with git log /path/to/file
2. In the list of changes shown, it shows the commit hash such as commit 06c98... (06c98... being the commit hash)
3. Copy the commit hash
4. Run the command git show <commitHash>:/path/to/file using the commit hashof step 3 & the path/to/file of step 1.

Note: adding the ./ when specifying a relative path seems important, i.e. git show b2f8be577166577c59b55e11cfff1404baf63a84:./flight-simulation/src/main/components/nav-horiz.html.

You can use git show with a path from the root of the repository (./ or ../ for relative pathing):

$ git show REVISION:path/to/file

Replace REVISION with your actual revision (could be a Git commit SHA, a tag name, a branch name, a relative commit name, or any other way of identifying a commit in Git)

For example, to view the version of file <repository-root>/src/main.c from 4 commits ago, use:

$ git show HEAD~4:src/main.c

Git for Windows requires forward slashes even in paths relative to the current directory. For more information, check out the man page for git-show.

Helper to fetch multiple files from a given revision

When trying to resolve merge conflicts, this helper is very useful:

#!/usr/bin/env python3

import argparse
import os
import subprocess

parser = argparse.ArgumentParser()
parser.add_argument('revision')
parser.add_argument('files', nargs='+')
args = parser.parse_args()
toplevel = subprocess.check_output(['git', 'rev-parse', '--show-toplevel']).rstrip().decode()
for path in args.files:
    file_relative = os.path.relpath(os.path.abspath(path), toplevel)
    base, ext = os.path.splitext(path)
    new_path = base + '.old' + ext
    with open(new_path, 'w') as f:
        subprocess.call(['git', 'show', '{}:./{}'.format(args.revision, path)], stdout=f)

GitHub upstream.

Usage:

git-show-save other-branch file1.c path/to/file2.cpp

Outcome: the following contain the alternate versions of the files:

file1.old.c
path/to/file2.old.cpp

This way, you keep the file extension so your editor won't complain, and can easily find the old file just next to the newer one.

To quickly see the differences with older revisions of a file:

git show -1 filename.txt > to compare against the last revision of file

git show -2 filename.txt > to compare against the 2nd last revision

git show -3 fielname.txt > to compare against the last 3rd last revision

If you like GUIs, you can use gitk:

1. start gitk with:

   gitk /path/to/file
   

2. Choose the revision in the top part of the screen, e.g. by description or date. By default, the lower part of the screen shows the diff for that revision, (corresponding to the "patch" radio button).

3. To see the file for the selected revision:

   • Click on the "tree" radio button. This will show the root of the file tree at that revision.
   • Drill down to your file.

Doing this by date looks like this if the commit happened within the last 90 days:

git show HEAD@{2013-02-25}:./fileInCurrentDirectory.txt

Note that HEAD@{2013-02-25} means "where HEAD was on 2013-02-25" in this repository (using the reflog), not "the last commit before 2013-02-25 in this branch in history".

This is important! It means that, by default, this method only works for history within the last 90 days. Otherwise, you need to do this:

git show $(git rev-list -1 --before="2013-02-26" HEAD):./fileInCurrentDirectory.txt

You can use git show with a path from the root of the repository (./ or ../ for relative pathing):

$ git show REVISION:path/to/file

Replace REVISION with your actual revision (could be a Git commit SHA, a tag name, a branch name, a relative commit name, or any other way of identifying a commit in Git)

For example, to view the version of file <repository-root>/src/main.c from 4 commits ago, use:

$ git show HEAD~4:src/main.c

Git for Windows requires forward slashes even in paths relative to the current directory. For more information, check out the man page for git-show.

To quickly see the differences with older revisions of a file:

git show -1 filename.txt > to compare against the last revision of file

git show -2 filename.txt > to compare against the 2nd last revision

git show -3 fielname.txt > to compare against the last 3rd last revision

git log -p will show you not just the commit logs but also the diff of each commit (except merge commits). Then you can press /, enter filename and press enter. Press n or p to go to the next/previous occurrence. This way you will not just see the changes in the file but also the commit information.

WAY 1: (I prefer this way, no ability to lose uncommitted data)

1. Find commit id with: git reflog

2. List files from commit git diff-tree --no-commit-id --name-only -r <commitHash>

   Example:

   git diff-tree --no-commit-id --name-only -r d2f9ba4
d2f9ba4 is commit id from step 1.

3. Open required file with following command:

   git show <commitHash>:/path/to/file

   Example:

   git show d2f9ba4:Src/Ext/MoreSwiftUI/ListCustom.swift
Src/... is file path from step 2.

WAY 2: (Ability to lose uncommitted data)

1. Find commit id with: git reflog

2. Make hard reset to this commit: git reset --hard %commit ID%

   Example:

   git reset --hard c14809fa

3. Make necessary changes and do a new commit into required branch

You can use a script like this to dump all the versions of a file to separate files:

e.g.

git_dump_all_versions_of_a_file.sh path/to/somefile.txt

Get the script here as an answer to another similar question

You can use git show with a path from the root of the repository (./ or ../ for relative pathing):

$ git show REVISION:path/to/file

Replace REVISION with your actual revision (could be a Git commit SHA, a tag name, a branch name, a relative commit name, or any other way of identifying a commit in Git)

For example, to view the version of file <repository-root>/src/main.c from 4 commits ago, use:

$ git show HEAD~4:src/main.c

Git for Windows requires forward slashes even in paths relative to the current directory. For more information, check out the man page for git-show.

git log -p will show you not just the commit logs but also the diff of each commit (except merge commits). Then you can press /, enter filename and press enter. Press n or p to go to the next/previous occurrence. This way you will not just see the changes in the file but also the commit information.

You can also specify a commit hash (often also called commit ID) with the git show command.

In a nutshell

git show <commitHash>:/path/to/file

Step by step

1. Show the log of all the changes for a given file with git log /path/to/file
2. In the list of changes shown, it shows the commit hash such as commit 06c98... (06c98... being the commit hash)
3. Copy the commit hash
4. Run the command git show <commitHash>:/path/to/file using the commit hashof step 3 & the path/to/file of step 1.

Note: adding the ./ when specifying a relative path seems important, i.e. git show b2f8be577166577c59b55e11cfff1404baf63a84:./flight-simulation/src/main/components/nav-horiz.html.

WAY 1: (I prefer this way, no ability to lose uncommitted data)

1. Find commit id with: git reflog

2. List files from commit git diff-tree --no-commit-id --name-only -r <commitHash>

   Example:

   git diff-tree --no-commit-id --name-only -r d2f9ba4
d2f9ba4 is commit id from step 1.

3. Open required file with following command:

   git show <commitHash>:/path/to/file

   Example:

   git show d2f9ba4:Src/Ext/MoreSwiftUI/ListCustom.swift
Src/... is file path from step 2.

WAY 2: (Ability to lose uncommitted data)

1. Find commit id with: git reflog

2. Make hard reset to this commit: git reset --hard %commit ID%

   Example:

   git reset --hard c14809fa

3. Make necessary changes and do a new commit into required branch

If you like GUIs, you can use gitk:

1. start gitk with:

   gitk /path/to/file
   

2. Choose the revision in the top part of the screen, e.g. by description or date. By default, the lower part of the screen shows the diff for that revision, (corresponding to the "patch" radio button).

3. To see the file for the selected revision:

   • Click on the "tree" radio button. This will show the root of the file tree at that revision.
   • Drill down to your file.

In addition to Jim Hunziker's answer,

you can export the file from the revision as,

git show HEAD@{2013-02-25}:./fileInCurrentDirectory.txt > old_fileInCurrentDirectory.txt

Hope this helps :)