gene_name = no_headers.iloc[1:,[1]]
This creates a DataFrame because you passed a list of columns (single, but still a list). When you later do this:
gene_name[x]
you now have a Series object with a single value. You can't hash the Series.
The solution is to create Series from the start.
gene_type = no_headers.iloc[1:,0]
gene_name = no_headers.iloc[1:,1]
disease_name = no_headers.iloc[1:,2]
Also, where you have orph_dict[gene_name[x]] =+ 1
, I'm guessing that's a typo and you really mean orph_dict[gene_name[x]] += 1
to increment the counter.