I have some models that have after_save callbacks. Usually that's fine, but in some situations, like when creating development data, I want to save the models without having the callbacks run. Is there a simple way to do that? Something akin to...
Person#save( :run_callbacks => false )
or
Person#save_without_callbacks
I looked in the Rails docs and didn't find anything. However in my experience the Rails docs don't always tell the whole story.
UPDATE
I found a blog post that explains how you can remove callbacks from a model like this:
Foo.after_save.clear
I couldn't find where that method is documented but it seems to work.
This question is related to
ruby-on-rails
ruby
rails-activerecord
I wrote a plugin that implements update_without_callbacks in Rails 3:
http://github.com/dball/skip_activerecord_callbacks
The right solution, I think, is to rewrite your models to avoid callbacks in the first place, but if that's impractical in the near term, this plugin may help.
The only way to prevent all after_save callbacks is to have the first one return false.
Perhaps you could try something like (untested):
class MyModel < ActiveRecord::Base
attr_accessor :skip_after_save
def after_save
return false if @skip_after_save
... blah blah ...
end
end
...
m = MyModel.new # ... etc etc
m.skip_after_save = true
m.save
Something that should work with all versions of ActiveRecord without depending on options or activerecord methods that may or may not exist.
module PlainModel
def self.included(base)
plainclass = Class.new(ActiveRecord::Base) do
self.table_name = base.table_name
end
base.const_set(:Plain, plainclass)
end
end
# usage
class User < ActiveRecord::Base
include PlainModel
validates_presence_of :email
end
User.create(email: "") # fail due to validation
User::Plain.create(email: "") # success. no validation, no callbacks
user = User::Plain.find(1)
user.email = ""
user.save
TLDR: use a "different activerecord model" over the same table
For creating test data in Rails you use this hack:
record = Something.new(attrs)
ActiveRecord::Persistence.instance_method(:create_record).bind(record).call
When I need full control over the callback, I create another attribute that is used as a switch. Simple and effective:
Model:
class MyModel < ActiveRecord::Base
before_save :do_stuff, unless: :skip_do_stuff_callback
attr_accessor :skip_do_stuff_callback
def do_stuff
puts 'do stuff callback'
end
end
Test:
m = MyModel.new()
# Fire callbacks
m.save
# Without firing callbacks
m.skip_do_stuff_callback = true
m.save
# Fire callbacks again
m.skip_do_stuff_callback = false
m.save
Use update_column (Rails >= v3.1) or update_columns (Rails >= 4.0) to skip callbacks and validations. Also with these methods, updated_at is not updated.
#Rails >= v3.1 only
@person.update_column(:some_attribute, 'value')
#Rails >= v4.0 only
@person.update_columns(attributes)
http://api.rubyonrails.org/classes/ActiveRecord/Persistence.html#method-i-update_column
#2: Skipping callbacks that also works while creating an object
class Person < ActiveRecord::Base
attr_accessor :skip_some_callbacks
before_validation :do_something
after_validation :do_something_else
skip_callback :validation, :before, :do_something, if: :skip_some_callbacks
skip_callback :validation, :after, :do_something_else, if: :skip_some_callbacks
end
person = Person.new(person_params)
person.skip_some_callbacks = true
person.save
UPDATE (2020)
Apparently Rails has always supported :if and :unless options, so above code can be simplified as:
class Person < ActiveRecord::Base
attr_accessor :skip_some_callbacks
before_validation :do_something, unless: :skip_some_callbacks
after_validation :do_something_else, unless: :skip_some_callbacks
end
person = Person.new(person_params)
person.skip_some_callbacks = true
person.save
Why would you want to be able to do this in development? Surely this will mean you are building your application with invalid data and as such it will behave strangely and not as you expect in production.
If you want to populate your dev db with data a better approach would be to build a rake task that used the faker gem to build valid data and import it into the db creating as many or few records as you desire, but if you are heel bent on it and have a good reason I guess that update_without_callbacks and create_without_callbacks will work fine, but when you are trying to bend rails to your will, ask yourself you have a good reason and if what you are doing is really a good idea.
rails 3:
MyModel.send("_#{symbol}_callbacks") # list
MyModel.reset_callbacks symbol # reset
A solution that should work across all versions of Rails without the use of a gem or plugin is simply to issue update statements directly. eg
ActiveRecord::Base.connection.execute "update table set foo = bar where id = #{self.id}"
This may (or may not) be an option depending on how complex your update is. This works well for eg updating flags on a record from within an after_save callback (without retriggering the callback).
I needed a solution for Rails 4, so I came up with this:
app/models/concerns/save_without_callbacks.rb
module SaveWithoutCallbacks
def self.included(base)
base.const_set(:WithoutCallbacks,
Class.new(ActiveRecord::Base) do
self.table_name = base.table_name
end
)
end
def save_without_callbacks
new_record? ? create_without_callbacks : update_without_callbacks
end
def create_without_callbacks
plain_model = self.class.const_get(:WithoutCallbacks)
plain_record = plain_model.create(self.attributes)
self.id = plain_record.id
self.created_at = Time.zone.now
self.updated_at = Time.zone.now
@new_record = false
true
end
def update_without_callbacks
update_attributes = attributes.except(self.class.primary_key)
update_attributes['created_at'] = Time.zone.now
update_attributes['updated_at'] = Time.zone.now
update_columns update_attributes
end
end
in any model:
include SaveWithoutCallbacks
then you can:
record.save_without_callbacks
or
Model::WithoutCallbacks.create(attributes)
Looks like one way to handle this in Rails 2.3 (since update_without_callbacks is gone, etc.), would be to use update_all, which is one of the methods that skips callbacks as per section 12 of the Rails Guide to validations and callbacks.
Also, note that if you are doing something in your after_ callback, that does a calculation based on many association (i.e. a has_many assoc, where you also do accepts_nested_attributes_for), you will need to reload the association, in case as part of the save, one of its members was deleted.
If you are using Rails 2. You could use SQL query for updating your column without running callbacks and validations.
YourModel.connection.execute("UPDATE your_models SET your_models.column_name=#{value} WHERE your_models.id=#{ym.id}")
I think it should work in any rails versions.
You can use sneaky-save gem: https://rubygems.org/gems/sneaky-save.
Note this cannot help in saving associations along without validations. It throws error 'created_at cannot be null' as it directly inserts the sql query unlike a model. To implement this, we need to update all auto generated columns of db.
None of these points to without_callbacks plugin that just does what you need ...
class MyModel < ActiveRecord::Base
before_save :do_something_before_save
def after_save
raise RuntimeError, "after_save called"
end
def do_something_before_save
raise RuntimeError, "do_something_before_save called"
end
end
o = MyModel.new
MyModel.without_callbacks(:before_save, :after_save) do
o.save # no exceptions raised
end
http://github.com/cjbottaro/without_callbacks works with Rails 2.x
You can use update_columns:
User.first.update_columns({:name => "sebastian", :age => 25})
Updates the given attributes of an object, without calling save, hence skipping validations and callbacks.
https://gist.github.com/576546
just dump this monkey-patch into config/initializers/skip_callbacks.rb
then
Project.skip_callbacks { @project.save }
or the like.
all credit to the author
You could try something like this in your Person model:
after_save :something_cool, :unless => :skip_callbacks
def skip_callbacks
ENV[RAILS_ENV] == 'development' # or something more complicated
end
EDIT: after_save is not a symbol, but that's at least the 1,000th time I've tried to make it one.
One option is to have a separate model for such manipulations, using the same table:
class NoCallbacksModel < ActiveRecord::Base
set_table_name 'table_name_of_model_that_has_callbacks'
include CommonModelMethods # if there are
:
:
end
(Same approach might make things easier for bypassing validations)
Stephan
Another way would be to use validation hooks instead of callbacks. For example:
class Person < ActiveRecord::Base
validate_on_create :do_something
def do_something
"something clever goes here"
end
end
That way you can get the do_something by default, but you can easily override it with:
@person = Person.new
@person.save(false)
The most up-voted answer might seem confusing in some cases.
You can use just a simple if check if you would like to skip a callback, like this:
after_save :set_title, if: -> { !new_record? && self.name_changed? }
Updated:
@Vikrant Chaudhary's solution seems better:
#Rails >= v3.1 only
@person.update_column(:some_attribute, 'value')
#Rails >= v4.0 only
@person.update_columns(attributes)
My original answer :
see this link: How to skip ActiveRecord callbacks?
in Rails3,
assume we have a class definition:
class User < ActiveRecord::Base
after_save :generate_nick_name
end
Approach1:
User.send(:create_without_callbacks)
User.send(:update_without_callbacks)
Approach2: When you want to skip them in your rspec files or whatever, try this:
User.skip_callback(:save, :after, :generate_nick_name)
User.create!()
NOTE: once this is done, if you are not in rspec environment, you should reset the callbacks:
User.set_callback(:save, :after, :generate_nick_name)
works fine for me on rails 3.0.5
I faced the same problem when I wanted to run a Rake Task but without running the callbacks for every record I was saving. This worked for me (Rails 5), and it must work for almost every version of Rails:
class MyModel < ApplicationRecord
attr_accessor :skip_callbacks
before_create :callback1
before_update :callback2
before_destroy :callback3
private
def callback1
return true if @skip_callbacks
puts "Runs callback1"
# Your code
end
def callback2
return true if @skip_callbacks
puts "Runs callback2"
# Your code
end
# Same for callback3 and so on....
end
The way it works is that it just returns true in the first line of the method it skip_callbacks is true, so it doesn't run the rest of the code in the method. To skip callbacks you just need to set skip_callbacks to true before saving, creating, destroying:
rec = MyModel.new() # Or Mymodel.find()
rec.skip_callbacks = true
rec.save
If the goal is to simply insert a record without callbacks or validations, and you would like to do it without resorting to additional gems, adding conditional checks, using RAW SQL, or futzing with your exiting code in any way, consider using a "shadow object" pointing to your existing db table. Like so:
class ImportedPerson < ActiveRecord::Base
self.table_name = 'people'
end
This works with every version of Rails, is threadsafe, and completely eliminates all validations and callbacks with no modifications to your existing code. You can just toss that class declaration in right before your actual import, and you should be good to go. Just remember to use your new class to insert the object, like:
ImportedPerson.new( person_attributes )
Not the cleanest way, but you could wrap the callback code in a condition that checks the Rails environment.
if Rails.env == 'production'
...
# for rails 3
if !ActiveRecord::Base.private_method_defined? :update_without_callbacks
def update_without_callbacks
attributes_with_values = arel_attributes_values(false, false, attribute_names)
return false if attributes_with_values.empty?
self.class.unscoped.where(self.class.arel_table[self.class.primary_key].eq(id)).arel.update(attributes_with_values)
end
end
attr_accessor and an unless in the callback.Define your model as follows:
class Person << ActiveRecord::Base
attr_accessor :skip_after_save_callbacks
after_save :do_something, unless: :skip_after_save_callbacks
end
And then if you need to save the record without hitting the after_save callbacks you defined, set the skip_after_save_callbacks virtual attribute to true.
person.skip_after_save_callbacks #=> nil
person.save # By default, this *will* call `do_something` after saving.
person.skip_after_save_callbacks = true
person.save # This *will not* call `do_something` after saving.
person.skip_after_save_callbacks = nil # Always good to return this value back to its default so you don't accidentally skip callbacks.
Source: Stackoverflow.com