[python] How can I take a screenshot/image of a website using Python?

Here is my solution by grabbing help from various sources. It takes full web page screen capture and it crops it (optional) and generates thumbnail from the cropped image also. Following are the requirements:

Requirements:

1. Install NodeJS
2. Using Node's package manager install phantomjs: npm -g install phantomjs
3. Install selenium (in your virtualenv, if you are using that)
4. Install imageMagick
5. Add phantomjs to system path (on windows)

import os
from subprocess import Popen, PIPE
from selenium import webdriver

abspath = lambda *p: os.path.abspath(os.path.join(*p))
ROOT = abspath(os.path.dirname(__file__))


def execute_command(command):
    result = Popen(command, shell=True, stdout=PIPE).stdout.read()
    if len(result) > 0 and not result.isspace():
        raise Exception(result)


def do_screen_capturing(url, screen_path, width, height):
    print "Capturing screen.."
    driver = webdriver.PhantomJS()
    # it save service log file in same directory
    # if you want to have log file stored else where
    # initialize the webdriver.PhantomJS() as
    # driver = webdriver.PhantomJS(service_log_path='/var/log/phantomjs/ghostdriver.log')
    driver.set_script_timeout(30)
    if width and height:
        driver.set_window_size(width, height)
    driver.get(url)
    driver.save_screenshot(screen_path)


def do_crop(params):
    print "Croping captured image.."
    command = [
        'convert',
        params['screen_path'],
        '-crop', '%sx%s+0+0' % (params['width'], params['height']),
        params['crop_path']
    ]
    execute_command(' '.join(command))


def do_thumbnail(params):
    print "Generating thumbnail from croped captured image.."
    command = [
        'convert',
        params['crop_path'],
        '-filter', 'Lanczos',
        '-thumbnail', '%sx%s' % (params['width'], params['height']),
        params['thumbnail_path']
    ]
    execute_command(' '.join(command))


def get_screen_shot(**kwargs):
    url = kwargs['url']
    width = int(kwargs.get('width', 1024)) # screen width to capture
    height = int(kwargs.get('height', 768)) # screen height to capture
    filename = kwargs.get('filename', 'screen.png') # file name e.g. screen.png
    path = kwargs.get('path', ROOT) # directory path to store screen

    crop = kwargs.get('crop', False) # crop the captured screen
    crop_width = int(kwargs.get('crop_width', width)) # the width of crop screen
    crop_height = int(kwargs.get('crop_height', height)) # the height of crop screen
    crop_replace = kwargs.get('crop_replace', False) # does crop image replace original screen capture?

    thumbnail = kwargs.get('thumbnail', False) # generate thumbnail from screen, requires crop=True
    thumbnail_width = int(kwargs.get('thumbnail_width', width)) # the width of thumbnail
    thumbnail_height = int(kwargs.get('thumbnail_height', height)) # the height of thumbnail
    thumbnail_replace = kwargs.get('thumbnail_replace', False) # does thumbnail image replace crop image?

    screen_path = abspath(path, filename)
    crop_path = thumbnail_path = screen_path

    if thumbnail and not crop:
        raise Exception, 'Thumnail generation requires crop image, set crop=True'

    do_screen_capturing(url, screen_path, width, height)

    if crop:
        if not crop_replace:
            crop_path = abspath(path, 'crop_'+filename)
        params = {
            'width': crop_width, 'height': crop_height,
            'crop_path': crop_path, 'screen_path': screen_path}
        do_crop(params)

        if thumbnail:
            if not thumbnail_replace:
                thumbnail_path = abspath(path, 'thumbnail_'+filename)
            params = {
                'width': thumbnail_width, 'height': thumbnail_height,
                'thumbnail_path': thumbnail_path, 'crop_path': crop_path}
            do_thumbnail(params)
    return screen_path, crop_path, thumbnail_path


if __name__ == '__main__':
    '''
        Requirements:
        Install NodeJS
        Using Node's package manager install phantomjs: npm -g install phantomjs
        install selenium (in your virtualenv, if you are using that)
        install imageMagick
        add phantomjs to system path (on windows)
    '''

    url = 'http://stackoverflow.com/questions/1197172/how-can-i-take-a-screenshot-image-of-a-website-using-python'
    screen_path, crop_path, thumbnail_path = get_screen_shot(
        url=url, filename='sof.png',
        crop=True, crop_replace=False,
        thumbnail=True, thumbnail_replace=False,
        thumbnail_width=200, thumbnail_height=150,
    )

These are the generated images:

• Full web page screen
• Cropped image from captured screen
• Thumbnail of a cropped image