Here's a gist which does this: https://gist.github.com/dcollien/312bce1270a5f511bf4a
(an es6 version, and a .js version which can be included in a script tag)
You can use it as follows:
<input type="file" id="select">
<img id="preview">
<script>
document.getElementById('select').onchange = function(evt) {
ImageTools.resize(this.files[0], {
width: 320, // maximum width
height: 240 // maximum height
}, function(blob, didItResize) {
// didItResize will be true if it managed to resize it, otherwise false (and will return the original file as 'blob')
document.getElementById('preview').src = window.URL.createObjectURL(blob);
// you can also now upload this blob using an XHR.
});
};
</script>
It includes a bunch of support detection and polyfills to make sure it works on as many browsers as I could manage.
(it also ignores gif images - in case they're animated)