What are Makefile am and Makefile in

Question

These two files are mostly seen in open source projects   What are they for  and how do they work

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reference    Makefile am -- a user input file to automake  configure in -- a user input file to autoconf    autoconf generates configure from configure in  automake gererates Makefile in from Makefile am  configure generates Makefile from Makefile in  For ex      configure in Makefile in    sudo autoconf configure configure in Makefile in         sudo   configure Makefile Makefile in

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Simple example  Shamelessly adapted from  http   www gnu org software automake manual html node Creating-amhello html and tested on Ubuntu 14 04 Automake 1 14 1    Makefile am  SUBDIRS   src dist doc DATA   README md   README md  Some doc    configure ac  AC INIT  automake hello world    1 0    bug-automake gnu org   AM INIT AUTOMAKE  -Wall -Werror foreign   AC PROG CC AC CONFIG HEADERS  config h   AC CONFIG FILES    Makefile  src Makefile    AC OUTPUT   src Makefile am  bin PROGRAMS   autotools hello world autotools hello world SOURCES   main c   src main c   include  lt config h gt   include  lt stdio h gt   int main  void      puts   Hello world from   PACKAGE STRING     return 0      Usage  autoreconf --install mkdir build cd build    configure make sudo make install autoconf hello world sudo make uninstall   This outputs   Hello world from automake hello world 1 0   Notes   autoreconf --install generates several template files which should be tracked by Git  including Makefile in  It only needs to be run the first time  make install installs    the binary to  usr local bin README md to  usr local share doc automake hello world    On GitHub for you to try it out

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Makefile am is a programmer-defined file and is used by automake to generate the Makefile in file  the  am stands for automake   The configure script typically seen in source tarballs will use the Makefile in to generate a Makefile   The configure script itself is generated from a programmer-defined file named either configure ac or configure in  deprecated   I prefer  ac  for autoconf  since it differentiates it from the generated Makefile in files and that way I can have rules such as make dist-clean which runs rm -f   in  Since it is a generated file  it is not typically stored in a revision system such as Git  SVN  Mercurial or CVS  rather the  ac file would be   Read more on GNU Autotools  Read about make and Makefile first  then learn about automake  autoconf  libtool  etc

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DEVELOPER runs autoconf and automake   autoconf  -- creates shippable configure script  which the installer will later run to make the Makefile       autoconf    is a macro processor   It converts configure ac  which is a shell script using macro instructions  into configure  a full-fledged shell script    automake  - creates shippable Makefile in data file  which configure will later read to make the Makefile    Automake helps with creating portable and GNU-standard compliant Makefiles     automake    creates complex Makefile ins from simple Makefile ams   INSTALLER runs configure  make and sudo make install    configure         Creates  Makefile         from     Makefile in     make                Creates  the application  from the Makefile just created      sudo make install   Installs the application                        Often  by default its files are installed into  usr local    INPUT OUTPUT MAP Notation below is roughly  inputs -- gt  programs -- gt  outputs DEVELOPER runs these  configure ac - gt  autoconf - gt  configure  script  ---    ac   autoconf  configure in -- gt  autoconf - gt  configure  script   ---  configure in depreciated   Use configure ac  Makefile am - gt  automake - gt  Makefile in -----------    am   automake  INSTALLER runs these  Makefile in - gt  configure - gt  Makefile    in   input file  Makefile - gt  make ---------- gt   puts new software in your downloads or temporary directory  Makefile - gt  make install - gt   puts new software in system directories    quot autoconf is an extensible package of M4 macros that produce shell scripts to automatically configure software source code packages  These scripts can adapt the packages to many kinds of UNIX-like systems without manual user intervention  Autoconf creates a configuration script for a package from a template file that lists the operating system features that the package can use  in the form of M4 macro calls  quot   quot automake is a tool for automatically generating Makefile in files compliant with the GNU Coding Standards  Automake requires the use of Autoconf  quot  Manuals   GNU AutoTools  The definitive manual on this stuff   m4  used by autoconf   autoconf  automake   Free online tutorials   Using GNU Autotools   Example  The main configure ac used to build LibreOffice is over 12k lines of code   but there are also 57 other configure ac files in subfolders   From this my generated configure is over 41k lines of code  And while the Makefile in and Makefile are both only 493 lines of code    But  there are also 768 more Makefile in s in subfolders

[makefile] What are Makefile.am and Makefile.in?

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