Expanding on plowman's answer, here is the non-deprecated version of changing the background image with java.
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
Bitmap bmp = BitmapFactory.decodeResource(getResources(),
R.drawable.texture);
BitmapDrawable bitmapDrawable = new BitmapDrawable(getResources(),bmp);
bitmapDrawable.setTileModeXY(Shader.TileMode.REPEAT,
Shader.TileMode.REPEAT);
setBackground(bitmapDrawable);
}