Is there a unique Android device ID

Question

Do Android devices have a unique ID  and if so  what is a simple way to access it using Java

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Check for SystemInfo deviceUniqueIdentifier  Documentation  http   docs unity3d com Documentation ScriptReference SystemInfo-deviceUniqueIdentifier html  A unique device identifier  It is guaranteed to be unique for every device  Read Only    iOS  on pre-iOS7 devices it will return hash of MAC address  On iOS7 devices it will be UIDevice identifierForVendor or  if that fails for any reason  ASIdentifierManager advertisingIdentifier

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There are a lot of different approaches to work around those ANDROID ID issues  may be null sometimes or devices of a specific model always return the same ID  with pros and cons    Implementing a custom ID generation algorithm  based on device properties that are supposed to be static and won t change -  who knows  Abusing other IDs like IMEI  serial number  Wi-Fi Bluetooth-MAC address  they won t exist on all devices or additional permissions become necessary    I myself prefer using an existing OpenUDID implementation  see https   github com ylechelle OpenUDID  for Android  see https   github com vieux OpenUDID   It is easy to integrate and makes use of the ANDROID ID with fallbacks for those issues mentioned above

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Here is how I am generating the unique id   public static String getDeviceId Context ctx        TelephonyManager tm    TelephonyManager  ctx getSystemService Context TELEPHONY SERVICE        String tmDevice   tm getDeviceId        String androidId   Secure getString ctx getContentResolver    Secure ANDROID ID       String serial   null      if Build VERSION SDK INT  gt  Build VERSION CODES FROYO  serial   Build SERIAL       if tmDevice    null  return  01    tmDevice      if androidId    null  return  02    androidId      if serial    null  return  03    serial         other alternatives  i e  Wi-Fi MAC  Bluetooth MAC  etc        return null

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Another way is to use  sys class android usb android0 iSerial in an app without any permissions whatsoever   user creep    adb shell ls -l  sys class android usb android0 iSerial -rw-r--r-- root     root         4096 2013-01-10 21 08 iSerial user creep    adb shell cat  sys class android usb android0 iSerial 0A3CXXXXXXXXXX5   To do this in Java one would just use a FileInputStream to open the iSerial file and read out the characters  Just be sure you wrap it in an exception handler  because not all devices have this file    At least the following devices are known to have this file world-readable    Galaxy Nexus Nexus S Motorola Xoom 3G Toshiba AT300 HTC One V Mini MK802 Samsung Galaxy S II   You can also see my blog post Leaking Android hardware serial number to unprivileged apps where I discuss what other files are available for information

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As Dave Webb mentions  the Android Developer Blog has an article that covers this   Their preferred solution is to track app installs rather than devices  and that will work well for most use cases   The blog post will show you the necessary code to make that work  and I recommend you check it out   However  the blog post goes on to discuss solutions if you need a device identifier rather than an app installation identifier   I spoke with someone at Google to get some additional clarification on a few items in the event that you need to do so   Here s what I discovered about device identifiers that s NOT mentioned in the aforementioned blog post    ANDROID ID is the preferred device identifier   ANDROID ID is perfectly reliable on versions of Android  lt  2 1 or   2 3   Only 2 2 has the problems mentioned in the post  Several devices by several manufacturers are affected by the ANDROID ID bug in 2 2  As far as I ve been able to determine  all affected devices have the same ANDROID ID  which is 9774d56d682e549c   Which is also the same device id reported by the emulator  btw  Google believes that OEMs have patched the issue for many or most of their devices  but I was able to verify that as of the beginning of April 2011  at least  it s still quite easy to find devices that have the broken ANDROID ID    Based on Google s recommendations  I implemented a class that will generate a unique UUID for each device  using ANDROID ID as the seed where appropriate  falling back on TelephonyManager getDeviceId   as necessary  and if that fails  resorting to a randomly generated unique UUID that is persisted across app restarts  but not app re-installations    Note that for devices that have to fallback on the device ID  the unique ID WILL persist across factory resets   This is something to be aware of   If you need to ensure that a factory reset will reset your unique ID  you may want to consider falling back directly to the random UUID instead of the device ID   Again  this code is for a device ID  not an app installation ID   For most situations  an app installation ID is probably what you re looking for   But if you do need a device ID  then the following code will probably work for you   import android content Context  import android content SharedPreferences  import android provider Settings Secure  import android telephony TelephonyManager   import java io UnsupportedEncodingException  import java util UUID   public class DeviceUuidFactory        protected static final String PREFS FILE    device id xml       protected static final String PREFS DEVICE ID    device id       protected volatile static UUID uuid       public DeviceUuidFactory Context context            if  uuid    null                synchronized  DeviceUuidFactory class                    if  uuid    null                        final SharedPreferences prefs   context                              getSharedPreferences PREFS FILE  0                       final String id   prefs getString PREFS DEVICE ID  null                       if  id    null                               Use the ids previously computed and stored in the                            prefs file                         uuid   UUID fromString id                         else                           final String androidId   Secure getString                              context getContentResolver    Secure ANDROID ID                              Use the Android ID unless it s broken  in which case                            fallback on deviceId                             unless it s not available  then fallback on a random                            number which we store to a prefs file                         try                               if    9774d56d682e549c  equals androidId                                     uuid   UUID nameUUIDFromBytes androidId                                          getBytes  utf8                                   else                                   final String deviceId                                          TelephonyManager  context                                      getSystemService Context TELEPHONY SERVICE                                        getDeviceId                                    uuid   deviceId    null   UUID                                      nameUUIDFromBytes deviceId                                              getBytes  utf8      UUID                                      randomUUID                                                            catch  UnsupportedEncodingException e                                throw new RuntimeException e                                                        Write the value out to the prefs file                         prefs edit                                    putString PREFS DEVICE ID  uuid toString                                     commit                                                                                          Returns a unique UUID for the current android device  As with all UUIDs         this unique ID is  very highly likely  to be unique across all Android        devices  Much more so than ANDROID ID is                 The UUID is generated by using ANDROID ID as the base key if appropriate         falling back on TelephonyManager getDeviceID   if ANDROID ID is known to        be incorrect  and finally falling back on a random UUID that s persisted        to SharedPreferences if getDeviceID   does not return a usable value                 In some rare circumstances  this ID may change  In particular  if the        device is factory reset a new device ID may be generated  In addition  if        a user upgrades their phone from certain buggy implementations of Android        2 2 to a newer  non-buggy version of Android  the device ID may change         Or  if a user uninstalls your app on a device that has neither a proper        Android ID nor a Device ID  this ID may change on reinstallation                 Note that if the code falls back on using TelephonyManager getDeviceId           the resulting ID will NOT change after a factory reset  Something to be        aware of                 Works around a bug in Android 2 2 for many devices when using ANDROID ID        directly                  see http   code google com p android issues detail id 10603                 return a UUID that may be used to uniquely identify your device for most                purposes              public UUID getDeviceUuid             return uuid

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Yes  every Android device have a unique serial numbers you can able to get it from this code  Build SERIAL  Note that it was only added in API level 9  and it may not be present on all devices  To get a unique ID on earlier platforms  you ll need to read something like the MAC address or IMEI

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There are 30  answers here and some are same and some are unique  This answer is based on few of those answers  One of them being  Lenn Dolling s answer   It combines 3 IDs and creates a 32-digit hex string  It has worked very well for me     3 IDs are  Pseudo-ID - It is generated based on physical device specifications ANDROID ID - Settings Secure ANDROID ID Bluetooth Address - Bluetooth adapter address  It will return something like this   551F27C060712A72730B0A0F734064B1  Note  You can always add more IDs to the longId string  For example  Serial    wifi adapter address  IMEI  This way you are making it more unique per device    SuppressWarnings  deprecation    SuppressLint  HardwareIds   public static String generateDeviceIdentifier Context context             String pseudoId    35                    Build BOARD length     10                   Build BRAND length     10                   Build CPU ABI length     10                   Build DEVICE length     10                   Build DISPLAY length     10                   Build HOST length     10                   Build ID length     10                   Build MANUFACTURER length     10                   Build MODEL length     10                   Build PRODUCT length     10                   Build TAGS length     10                   Build TYPE length     10                   Build USER length     10           String androidId   Settings Secure getString context getContentResolver    Settings Secure ANDROID ID            BluetoothAdapter bluetoothAdapter   BluetoothAdapter getDefaultAdapter            String btId                if  bluetoothAdapter    null                btId   bluetoothAdapter getAddress                       String longId   pseudoId   androidId   btId           try               MessageDigest messageDigest   MessageDigest getInstance  MD5                messageDigest update longId getBytes    0  longId length                     get md5 bytes             byte md5Bytes     messageDigest digest                    creating a hex string             String identifier                    for  byte md5Byte   md5Bytes                    int b    0xFF  amp  md5Byte                       if it is a single digit  make sure it have 0 in front  proper padding                  if  b  lt   0xF                        identifier     0                                         add number to string                 identifier    Integer toHexString b                                 hex string to uppercase             identifier   identifier toUpperCase                return identifier            catch  Exception e                Log e  TAG   e toString                       return

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The unique device ID of an Android OS device as String  using TelephonyManager and ANDROID ID  is obtained by  String deviceId  final TelephonyManager mTelephony    TelephonyManager  getSystemService Context TELEPHONY SERVICE   if  mTelephony getDeviceId      null        deviceId   mTelephony getDeviceId      else       deviceId   Secure getString                     getApplicationContext   getContentResolver                       Secure ANDROID ID      But I strongly recommend a method suggested by Google  see Identifying App Installations

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In order to include Android 9 I have only one idea that could still work that  probably  doesn t violate any terms  requires permissions  and works across installations and apps    Fingerprinting involving a server should be able to identify a device uniquely  The combination of hardware information   installed apps and the installation times should do the trick   First installation times do not change unless an app is uninstalled and installed again  But this would have to be done for all apps on device in order to not be able to identify the device  ie  after a factory reset      This is how I would go about it    Extract hardware information  application package names and first installation times     This is how you extract all applications from Android  no permissions needed    final PackageManager pm   application getPackageManager    List lt ApplicationInfo gt  packages    pm getInstalledApplications PackageManager GET META DATA    for  ApplicationInfo packageInfo   packages        try           Log d TAG   Installed package      packageInfo packageName           Log d TAG   Installed      pm getPackageInfo packageInfo packageName  0  firstInstallTime         catch  PackageManager NameNotFoundException e            e printStackTrace               You may want to make a hash of the each package name and installation timestamp combination  before sending it to the server  as it may or may not be any of your business what the user has installed on the device  Some apps  a lot actually  are system apps  These are likely to have the same installation timestamp  matching the latest system update after a factory reset  Because they have the same installation timestamp they are cannot be installed by the user  and can be filtered out  Send the info to the server and let it look for nearest match amongst previously stored info  You need to make a threshold when comparing with previously stored device info as apps are installed and uninstalled  But my guess is that this threshold can be very low  as any package name and first time installation timestamp combination alone will be pretty unique for a device  and apps are not that frequently installed and uninstalled  Having multiple apps just increases the probability of being unique    Return the generated unique id for the match  or generate a unique id  store with device info and return this new id    NB  This is a non-tested and non-proved method  I am confident it will work  but I am also pretty sure that if this catches on  they will close it down one way or another

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Also you might consider the Wi-Fi adapter s MAC address  Retrieved like this   WifiManager wm    WifiManager Ctxt getSystemService Context WIFI SERVICE   return wm getConnectionInfo   getMacAddress      Requires permission android permission ACCESS WIFI STATE in the manifest   Reported to be available even when Wi-Fi is not connected  If Joe from the answer above gives this one a try on his many devices  that d be nice   On some devices  it s not available when Wi-Fi is turned off   NOTE  From Android 6 x  it returns consistent fake mac address  02 00 00 00 00 00

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Here is a simple answer to get AAID  tested working properly June 2019   AsyncTask lt Void  Void  String gt  task   new AsyncTask lt Void  Void  String gt               Override         protected String doInBackground Void    params                String token   null              Info adInfo   null              try                   adInfo   AdvertisingIdClient getAdvertisingIdInfo getApplicationContext                   catch  IOException e                                         catch   GooglePlayServicesRepairableException e                                         catch  GooglePlayServicesNotAvailableException e                                                     String android id   adInfo getId                Log d  DEVICE ID  android id                return android id                      Override         protected void onPostExecute String token                Log i TAG   DEVICE ID Access token retrieved     token                         task execute      read full answer in detail here

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I use the following code to get the IMEI or use Secure ANDROID ID as an alternative  when the device doesn t have phone capabilities   String identifier   null  TelephonyManager tm    TelephonyManager context getSystemService Context TELEPHONY SERVICE    if  tm    null        identifier   tm getDeviceId    if  identifier    null    identifier  length      0        identifier   Secure getString activity getContentResolver   Secure ANDROID ID

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To understand the available Unique Ids in Android devices  Use this official guide    Best practices for unique identifiers   IMEI  Mac Addresses  Instance Id  GUIDs  SSAID  Advertising Id  Safety Net API to verify devices    https   developer android com training articles user-data-ids

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For detailed instructions on how to get a unique identifier for each Android device your application is installed from  see the official Android Developers Blog posting Identifying App Installations   It seems the best way is for you to generate one yourself upon installation and subsequently read it when the application is re-launched   I personally find this acceptable but not ideal  No one identifier provided by Android works in all instances as most are dependent on the phone s radio states  Wi-Fi on off  cellular on off  Bluetooth on off   The others  like Settings Secure ANDROID ID must be implemented by the manufacturer and are not guaranteed to be unique   The following is an example of writing data to an installation file that would be stored along with any other data the application saves locally   public class Installation       private static String sID   null      private static final String INSTALLATION    INSTALLATION        public synchronized static String id Context context            if  sID    null                File installation   new File context getFilesDir    INSTALLATION               try                   if   installation exists                        writeInstallationFile installation                   sID   readInstallationFile installation                              catch  Exception e                    throw new RuntimeException e                                   return sID             private static String readInstallationFile File installation  throws IOException           RandomAccessFile f   new RandomAccessFile installation   r            byte   bytes   new byte  int  f length             f readFully bytes           f close            return new String bytes              private static void writeInstallationFile File installation  throws IOException           FileOutputStream out   new FileOutputStream installation           String id   UUID randomUUID   toString            out write id getBytes             out close

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My two cents - NB this is for a device  err  unique ID - not the installation one as discussed in the Android developers s blog   Of note that the solution provided by  emmby falls back in a per application ID as the SharedPreferences are not synchronized across processes  see here and here   So I avoided this altogether   Instead  I encapsulated the various strategies for getting a  device  ID in an enum - changing the order of the enum constants affects the priority of the various ways of getting the ID  The first non-null ID is returned or an exception is thrown  as per good Java practices of not giving null a meaning   So for instance I have the TELEPHONY one first - but a good default choice would be the ANDROID ID beta   import android Manifest permission  import android bluetooth BluetoothAdapter  import android content Context  import android content pm PackageManager  import android net wifi WifiManager  import android provider Settings Secure  import android telephony TelephonyManager  import android util Log      TODO   hash public final class DeviceIdentifier        private DeviceIdentifier                see http   code google com p android issues detail id 10603        private static final String ANDROID ID BUG MSG    The device suffers from              the Android ID bug - its ID is the emulator ID               IDs BUGGY ANDROID ID      private static volatile String uuid     volatile needed - see EJ item 71        need lazy initialization to get a context                 Returns a unique identifier for this device  The first  in the order the        enums constants as defined in the IDs enum  non null identifier is        returned or a DeviceIDException is thrown  A DeviceIDException is also        thrown if ignoreBuggyAndroidID is false and the device has the Android ID        bug                param ctx                   an Android constant  to retrieve system services          param ignoreBuggyAndroidID                   if false  on a device with the android ID bug  the buggy                   android ID is not returned instead a DeviceIDException is                   thrown         return a  device  ID - null is never returned  instead a                DeviceIDException is thrown         throws DeviceIDException                    if none of the enum methods manages to return a device ID             public static String getDeviceIdentifier Context ctx              boolean ignoreBuggyAndroidID  throws DeviceIDException           String result   uuid          if  result    null                synchronized  DeviceIdentifier class                    result   uuid                  if  result    null                        for  IDs id   IDs values                              try                               result   uuid   id getId ctx                             catch  DeviceIDNotUniqueException e                                if   ignoreBuggyAndroidID                                  throw new DeviceIDException e                                                     if  result    null  return result                                            throw new DeviceIDException                                                      return result             private static enum IDs           TELEPHONY ID                 Override             String getId Context ctx                       TODO   add a SIM based mechanism   tm getSimSerialNumber                    final TelephonyManager tm    TelephonyManager  ctx                          getSystemService Context TELEPHONY SERVICE                   if  tm    null                        w  Telephony Manager not available                        return null                                    assertPermission ctx  permission READ PHONE STATE                   return tm getDeviceId                                     ANDROID ID                 Override             String getId Context ctx  throws DeviceIDException                      no permission needed                   final String andoidId   Secure getString                      ctx getContentResolver                        android provider Settings Secure ANDROID ID                   if  BUGGY ANDROID ID equals andoidId                         e ANDROID ID BUG MSG                       throw new DeviceIDNotUniqueException                                      return andoidId                                   WIFI MAC                 Override             String getId Context ctx                    WifiManager wm    WifiManager  ctx                          getSystemService Context WIFI SERVICE                   if  wm    null                        w  Wifi Manager not available                        return null                                    assertPermission ctx  permission ACCESS WIFI STATE      I guess                    getMacAddress   has no java doc                     return wm getConnectionInfo   getMacAddress                                     BLUETOOTH MAC                 Override             String getId Context ctx                    BluetoothAdapter ba   BluetoothAdapter getDefaultAdapter                    if  ba    null                        w  Bluetooth Adapter not available                        return null                                    assertPermission ctx  permission BLUETOOTH                   return ba getAddress                                       TODO PSEUDO ID            http   www pocketmagic net 2011 02 android-unique-device-id                     static final String BUGGY ANDROID ID    9774d56d682e549c           private final static String TAG   IDs class getSimpleName             abstract String getId Context ctx  throws DeviceIDException           private static void w String msg                Log w TAG  msg                      private static void e String msg                Log e TAG  msg                        private static void assertPermission Context ctx  String perm            final int checkPermission   ctx getPackageManager   checkPermission              perm  ctx getPackageName             if  checkPermission    PackageManager PERMISSION GRANTED                throw new SecurityException  Permission     perm     is required                                                                                                             Exceptions                                                                                      public static class DeviceIDException extends Exception            private static final long serialVersionUID   -8083699995384519417L          private static final String NO ANDROID ID    Could not retrieve a                  device ID            public DeviceIDException Throwable throwable                super NO ANDROID ID  throwable                      public DeviceIDException String detailMessage                super detailMessage                      public DeviceIDException                 super NO ANDROID ID                        public static final class DeviceIDNotUniqueException extends             DeviceIDException            private static final long serialVersionUID   -8940090896069484955L           public DeviceIDNotUniqueException                 super ANDROID ID BUG MSG

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Using the code below  you can get the unique device ID of an Android OS device as a string   deviceId   Secure getString getApplicationContext   getContentResolver    Secure ANDROID ID

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Google now has an Advertising ID  This can also be used  but note that       The advertising ID is a user-specific  unique  resettable ID    and     enables users to reset their identifier or opt out of interest-based ads within Google Play apps    So though this id may change  it seems that soon we may not have a choice  depends on the purpose of this id   More info   develper android  Copy-paste code here  HTH

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Serial Number is a unique device ID available via android os Build SERIAL   public static String getSerial         String serial           if  Build VERSION SDK INT  gt   Build VERSION CODES O           serial   Build getSerial         else           serial   Build SERIAL                return serial      Make sure you have READ PHONE STATE permission before calling getSerial     NOTE - It is Not available with Devices without telephony  like wifi only tablets

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Google Instance ID  Released at I O 2015  on Android requires play services 7 5   https   developers google com instance-id  https   developers google com instance-id guides android-implementation  InstanceID iid   InstanceID getInstance  context         Google docs are wrong - this requires context String id   iid getId        blocking call   It seems that Google intends for this ID to be used to identify installations across Android  Chrome  and iOS   It identifies an installation rather then a device  but then again  ANDROID ID  which is the accepted answer  now no longer identifies devices either   With the ARC runtime a new ANDROID ID is generated for every installation  details here   just like this new instance ID   Also  I think that identifying installations  not devices  is what most of us are actually looking for   The advantages of instance ID  It appears to me that Google intends for it to be used for this purpose  identifying your installations   it is cross-platform  and can be used for a number of other purposes  see the links above    If you use GCM  then you will eventually need to use this instance ID because you need it in order to get the GCM token  which replaces the old GCM registration ID    The disadvantages issues  In the current implementation  GPS 7 5  the instance ID is retrieved from a server when your app requests it   This means that the call above is a blocking call - in my unscientific testing it takes 1-3 seconds if the device is online  and 0 5 - 1 0 seconds if off-line  presumably this is how long it waits before giving up and generating a random ID    This was tested in North America on Nexus 5 with Android 5 1 1 and GPS 7 5   If you use the ID for the purposes they intend - eg  app authentication  app identification  GCM - I think this 1-3 seconds could be a nuisance  depending on your app  of course

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To get a user id you can use Google Play Licensing Library   To download this library open SDK Manager    SDK Tools  The path to downloaded library files is       path to android sdk on your pc extras google market licensing library   Include the library in your project  you can simply copy its files    Next you need some implementation of Policy interface  you can simply use one of two files from the library  ServerManagedPolicy or StrictPolicy    User id will be provided for you inside processServerResponse   function   public void processServerResponse int response  ResponseData rawData        if rawData    null            String userId   rawData userId            use save the value                      Next you need to construct the LicenseChecker with a policy and call checkAccess   function  Use MainActivity java as an example of how to do it  MainActivity java is located inside this folder      path to android sdk on your pc extras google market licensing sample src com example android market licensing   Don t forget to add CHECK LICENSE permission to your AndroidManifest xml    More about Licensing Library  https   developer android com google play licensing

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Get the device ID only once  and then store it in a database or a file  In this case  if it is the first boot of the app  it generates an ID and stores it  Next time  it will only take the ID stored in the file

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Add Below code in class file   final TelephonyManager tm    TelephonyManager  getBaseContext                getSystemService SplashActivity TELEPHONY SERVICE       final String tmDevice  tmSerial  androidId      tmDevice        tm getDeviceId        Log v  DeviceIMEI        tmDevice       tmSerial        tm getSimSerialNumber        Log v  GSM devices Serial Number simcard          tmSerial       androidId        android provider Settings Secure getString getContentResolver                android provider Settings Secure ANDROID ID       Log v  androidId CDMA devices        androidId       UUID deviceUuid   new UUID androidId hashCode                  long  tmDevice hashCode    lt  lt  32    tmSerial hashCode         String deviceId   deviceUuid toString        Log v  deviceIdUUID universally unique identifier        deviceId       String deviceModelName   android os Build MODEL      Log v  Model Name        deviceModelName       String deviceUSER   android os Build USER      Log v  Name USER        deviceUSER       String devicePRODUCT   android os Build PRODUCT      Log v  PRODUCT        devicePRODUCT       String deviceHARDWARE   android os Build HARDWARE      Log v  HARDWARE        deviceHARDWARE       String deviceBRAND   android os Build BRAND      Log v  BRAND        deviceBRAND       String myVersion   android os Build VERSION RELEASE      Log v  VERSION RELEASE        myVersion       int sdkVersion   android os Build VERSION SDK INT      Log v  VERSION SDK INT        sdkVersion     Add in AndroidManifest xml    lt uses-permission android name  android permission READ PHONE STATE    gt

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I think this is sure fire way of building a skeleton for a unique ID     check it out   Pseudo-Unique ID  that works on all Android devices Some devices don t have a phone  eg  Tablets  or for some reason  you don t want to include the READ PHONE STATE permission  You can still read details like ROM Version  Manufacturer name  CPU type  and other hardware details  that will be well suited if you want to use the ID for a serial key check  or other general purposes  The ID computed in this way won t be unique  it is possible to find two devices with the same ID  based on the same hardware and ROM image  but the changes in real-world applications are negligible  For this purpose you can use the Build class   String m szDevIDShort    35      we make this look like a valid IMEI             Build BOARD length   10  Build BRAND length   10               Build CPU ABI length   10   Build DEVICE length   10               Build DISPLAY length   10   Build HOST length   10               Build ID length   10   Build MANUFACTURER length   10               Build MODEL length   10   Build PRODUCT length   10               Build TAGS length   10   Build TYPE length   10               Build USER length   10     13 digits   Most of the Build members are strings  what we re doing here is to take their length and transform it via modulo in a digit  We have 13 such digits and we are adding two more in front  35  to have the same size ID as the IMEI  15 digits   There are other possibilities here are well  just have a look at these strings  Returns something like 355715565309247  No special permission is required  making this approach very convenient      Extra info  The technique given above was copied from an article on Pocket Magic

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At Google I O Reto Meier released a robust answer to how to approach this which should meet most developers needs to track users across installations  Anthony Nolan shows the direction in his answer  but I thought I d write out the full approach so that others can easily see how to do it  it took me a while to figure out the details    This approach will give you an anonymous  secure user ID which will be persistent for the user across different devices  based on the primary Google account  and across installs  The basic approach is to generate a random user ID and to store this in the apps  shared preferences  You then use Google s backup agent to store the shared preferences linked to the Google account in the cloud   Let s go through the full approach  First  we need to create a backup for our SharedPreferences using the Android Backup Service  Start by registering your app via http   developer android com google backup signup html   Google will give you a backup service key which you need to add to the manifest  You also need to tell the application to use the BackupAgent as follows    lt application android label  MyApplication           android backupAgent  MyBackupAgent  gt               lt meta-data android name  com google android backup api key          android value  your backup service key    gt   lt  application gt    Then you need to create the backup agent and tell it to use the helper agent for sharedpreferences   public class MyBackupAgent extends BackupAgentHelper          The name of the SharedPreferences file     static final String PREFS    user preferences           A key to uniquely identify the set of backup data     static final String PREFS BACKUP KEY    prefs           Allocate a helper and add it to the backup agent      Override     public void onCreate             SharedPreferencesBackupHelper helper   new SharedPreferencesBackupHelper this           PREFS           addHelper PREFS BACKUP KEY  helper             To complete the backup you need to create an instance of BackupManager in your main Activity   BackupManager backupManager   new BackupManager context     Finally create a user ID  if it doesn t already exist  and store it in the SharedPreferences     public static String getUserID Context context                private static String uniqueID   null          private static final String PREF UNIQUE ID    PREF UNIQUE ID       if  uniqueID    null            SharedPreferences sharedPrefs   context getSharedPreferences                  MyBackupAgent PREFS  Context MODE PRIVATE           uniqueID   sharedPrefs getString PREF UNIQUE ID  null           if  uniqueID    null                uniqueID   UUID randomUUID   toString                Editor editor   sharedPrefs edit                editor putString PREF UNIQUE ID  uniqueID               editor commit                   backup the changes             BackupManager mBackupManager   new BackupManager context               mBackupManager dataChanged                         return uniqueID      This User ID will now be persistent across installations  even if the user moves device   For more information on this approach see Reto s talk   And for full details of how to implement the backup agent see Data Backup  I particularly recommend the section at the bottom on testing as the backup does not happen instantaneously and so to test you have to force the backup

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1 Use the telephony manager  which provides a unique id i e  IMEI   See the example   import android telephony TelephonyManager  import android content Context         TelephonyManager telephonyManager  telephonyManager    TelephonyManager  getSystemService Context                  TELEPHONY SERVICE        getDeviceId   returns the unique device ID    For example the IMEI for GSM and the MEID or ESN for CDMA phones     String deviceId   telephonyManager getDeviceId         getSubscriberId   returns the unique subscriber ID     String subscriberId   telephonyManager getSubscriberId      This requires android permission READ PHONE STATE to your user which can be hard to justify following the type of application you have made    Devices without telephony services like tablets must report a unique device ID that is available via android os Build SERIAL since Android 2 3 Gingerbread  Some phones having telephony services can also define a serial number  Like not all Android devices have a Serial Number  this solution is not reliable  On a device first boot  a random value is generated and stored  This value is available via Settings Secure ANDROID ID  It   s a 64-bit number that should remain constant for the lifetime of a device  ANDROID ID seems a good choice for a unique device identifier because it   s available for smartphones and tablets  To retrieve the value  you can use the following code   String androidId   Settings Secure getString getContentResolver                     Settings Secure ANDROID ID     However  the value may change if a factory reset is performed on the device  There is also a known bug with a popular handset from a manufacturer where every instance has the same ANDROID ID  Clearly  the solution is not 100  reliable    Use UUID  As the requirement for most of the applications is to identify a particular installation and not a physical device  a good solution to get the unique id for a user if to use UUID class  The following solution has been presented by Reto Meier from Google in a Google I O presentation    SharedPreferences sharedPrefs   context getSharedPreferences           PREF UNIQUE ID  Context MODE PRIVATE   uniqueID   sharedPrefs getString PREF UNIQUE ID  null        Update   The option  1 and  2 are no longer available after android 10 as the privacy updates by google  as option 2 and 3 requires critical permission

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android telephony TelephonyManager getDeviceId     This will return whatever string uniquely identifies the device  IMEI on GSM  MEID for CDMA    You ll need the following permission in your AndroidManifest xml    lt uses-permission android name  android permission READ PHONE STATE    gt

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The following code returns the device serial number using a hidden Android API  But  this code don t works on Samsung Galaxy Tab because  ro serialno  isn t set on this device   String serial   null   try       Class lt   gt  c   Class forName  android os SystemProperties        Method get   c getMethod  get   String class       serial    String  get invoke c   ro serialno      catch  Exception ignored

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For hardware recognition of a specific Android device you could check the MAC Addresses   you can do it that way   in AndroidManifest xml   lt uses-permission android name  android permission INTERNET    gt   now in your code   List lt NetworkInterface gt  interfacesList   Collections list NetworkInterface getNetworkInterfaces      for  NetworkInterface interface   interfacesList          This will give you the interface MAC ADDRESS    interface getHardwareAddress        In every Android device their is at least a  wlan0  Interface witch is the WI-FI chip  This code works even when WI-FI is not turned on   P S  Their are a bunch of other Interfaces you will get from the list containing MACS But this can change between phones

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Normally  I use device unique id for my apps  But sometime I use IMEI  Both are unique numbers   to get IMEI  international mobile equipment identifier   public String getIMEI Activity activity        TelephonyManager telephonyManager    TelephonyManager  activity              getSystemService Context TELEPHONY SERVICE       return telephonyManager getDeviceId        to get device unique id  public String getDeviceUniqueID Activity activity       String device unique id   Secure getString activity getContentResolver                Secure ANDROID ID       return device unique id

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If you add     Settings Secure getString context contentResolver      Settings Secure ANDROID ID    Android Lint will give you the following warning      Using getString to get device identifiers is not recommended    Inspection info  Using these device identifiers is not recommended   other than for high value fraud prevention and advanced telephony   use-cases  For advertising use-cases  use   AdvertisingIdClient Info getId and for analytics  use   InstanceId getId     So  you should avoid using this   As mentioned in Android Developer documentation        1  Avoid using hardware identifiers       In most use cases  you can avoid using hardware identifiers  such as SSAID  Android ID  and IMEI    without limiting required functionality       2  Only use an Advertising ID for user profiling or ads use cases       When using an Advertising ID  always respect users  selections   regarding ad tracking  Also  ensure that the identifier cannot be   connected to personally identifiable information  PII   and avoid   bridging Advertising ID resets       3  Use an Instance ID or a privately stored GUID whenever possible for all other use cases  except for payment fraud prevention and telephony       For the vast majority of non-ads use cases  an Instance ID   or GUID should be sufficient       4  Use APIs that are appropriate for your use case to minimize privacy risk       Use the DRM API for high-value content protection and   the SafetyNet APIs for abuse protection  The SafetyNet APIs are the   easiest way to determine whether a device is genuine without incurring   privacy risk

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Here is the code that Reto Meier used in the Google I O presentation this year to get a unique id for the user   private static String uniqueID   null  private static final String PREF UNIQUE ID    PREF UNIQUE ID    public synchronized static String id Context context        if  uniqueID    null            SharedPreferences sharedPrefs   context getSharedPreferences                  PREF UNIQUE ID  Context MODE PRIVATE           uniqueID   sharedPrefs getString PREF UNIQUE ID  null           if  uniqueID    null                uniqueID   UUID randomUUID   toString                Editor editor   sharedPrefs edit                editor putString PREF UNIQUE ID  uniqueID               editor commit                        return uniqueID      If you couple this with a backup strategy to send preferences to the cloud  also described in Reto s talk  you should have an id that ties to a user and sticks around after the device has been wiped  or even replaced  I plan to use this in analytics going forward  in other words  I have not done that bit yet

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I have came across this question several years ago  and have learn to implement a generalized solution based on various answers   I have used the generalized solution for several years  in a real-world product  It serves me quite well so far  Here s the code snippet  based on various provided answers   Note  getEmail will return null most of the time  as we didn t ask for permission explicitly   private static UniqueId getUniqueId         MyApplication app   MyApplication instance            Our prefered method of obtaining unique id in the following order          1  Advertising id         2  Email         2  ANDROID ID         3  Instance ID - new id value  when reinstall the app                                                                                                           ADVERTISING ID                                                                                                      AdvertisingIdClient Info adInfo   null      try           adInfo   AdvertisingIdClient getAdvertisingIdInfo app         catch  IOException e            Log e TAG      e         catch  GooglePlayServicesNotAvailableException e            Log e TAG      e         catch  GooglePlayServicesRepairableException e            Log e TAG      e              if  adInfo    null            String aid   adInfo getId            if   Utils isNullOrEmpty aid                 return UniqueId newInstance aid  UniqueId Type aid                                                                                                                            EMAIL                                                                                                      final String email   Utils getEmail        if   Utils isNullOrEmpty email             return UniqueId newInstance email  UniqueId Type eid                                                                                                                  ANDROID ID                                                                                                      final String sid   Settings Secure getString app getContentResolver    Settings Secure ANDROID ID       if   Utils isNullOrEmpty sid             return UniqueId newInstance sid  UniqueId Type sid                                                                                                                  INSTANCE ID                                                                                                      final String iid   com google android gms iid InstanceID getInstance MyApplication instance    getId        if   Utils isNullOrEmpty iid             return UniqueId newInstance iid  UniqueId Type iid              return null     public final class UniqueId implements Parcelable       public enum Type implements Parcelable           aid          sid          iid          eid                                                                                                   Handling Parcelable nicely           public static final Parcelable Creator lt Type gt  CREATOR   new Parcelable Creator lt Type gt                  public Type createFromParcel Parcel in                    return Type valueOf in readString                                public Type   newArray int size                    return new Type size                                      Override         public int describeContents                 return 0                      Override         public void writeToParcel Parcel parcel  int flags                parcel writeString this name                           Handling Parcelable nicely                                                                                                  public static boolean isValid UniqueId uniqueId            if  uniqueId    null                return false                    return uniqueId isValid               private boolean isValid             return  org yccheok jstock gui Utils isNullOrEmpty id   amp  amp  type    null             private UniqueId String id  Type type            if  org yccheok jstock gui Utils isNullOrEmpty id     type    null                throw new java lang IllegalArgumentException                      this id   id          this type   type             public static UniqueId newInstance String id  Type type            return new UniqueId id  type               Override     public int hashCode             int result   17          result   31   result   id hashCode            result   31   result   type hashCode            return result              Override     public boolean equals Object o            if  o    this                return true                     if    o instanceof UniqueId                 return false                     UniqueId uniqueId    UniqueId o          return this id equals uniqueId id   amp  amp  this type    uniqueId type              Override     public String toString             return type         id                                                                                                 Handling Parcelable nicely       public static final Parcelable Creator lt UniqueId gt  CREATOR   new Parcelable Creator lt UniqueId gt              public UniqueId createFromParcel Parcel in                return new UniqueId in                      public UniqueId   newArray int size                return new UniqueId size                         private UniqueId Parcel in            this id   in readString            this type   in readParcelable Type class getClassLoader                 Override     public int describeContents             return 0              Override     public void writeToParcel Parcel parcel  int flags            parcel writeString this id           parcel writeParcelable this type  0                 Handling Parcelable nicely                                                                                        public final String id      public final Type type     public static String getEmail         Pattern emailPattern   Patterns EMAIL ADDRESS     API level 8      AccountManager accountManager   AccountManager get MyApplication instance         Account   accounts   accountManager getAccountsByType  com google        for  Account account   accounts            if  emailPattern matcher account name  matches                  String possibleEmail   account name              return possibleEmail                       accounts   accountManager getAccounts        for  Account account   accounts            if  emailPattern matcher account name  matches                  String possibleEmail   account name              return possibleEmail                       return null

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You will get the wifi mac address by using the following code  regardless whether you used a randomized address when you tried to connect to the wifi or not  and regardless whether the wifi was turned on or off  I used a method from the link below  and added a small modification to get the exact address instead of the randomized one  Getting MAC address in Android 6 0 public static String getMacAddr     StringBuilder res1   new StringBuilder    try   List lt NetworkInterface gt  all        Collections list NetworkInterface getNetworkInterfaces     for  NetworkInterface nif   all        if   nif getName   equalsIgnoreCase  quot p2p0 quot    continue           byte   macBytes   nif getHardwareAddress            if  macBytes    null                continue                     res1   new StringBuilder            for  byte b   macBytes                res1 append String format  quot  02X  quot  b                       if  res1 length    gt  0                res1 deleteCharAt res1 length   - 1                     catch  Exception ex      return res1 toString

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It s a simple question  with no simple answer  More over  all of the existing answers here are whether out of date or unreliable  So if you re searching for a solution in 2020  Here are a few things to take in mind  All the hardware based identifiers  SSAID  IMEI  MAC  etc  are unreliable for non-google s devices  Everything except Pixels and Nexuses   which are more than 50  of active devices worldwide  Therefore official Android identifiers best practices clearly states   Avoid using hardware identifiers  such as SSAID  Android ID   IMEI  MAC address  etc     That makes most of the answers above invalid  Also due to different android security updates  some of them require newer and stricter runtime permissions  which can be simply denied by user  As example CVE-2018-9489 which affects all the WIFI based techniques mentioned above  That makes those identifiers not only unreliable  but also unaccessible in many cases  So in simpler words  don t use those techniques  Many other answers here are suggesting to use the AdvertisingIdClient  which is also incompatible  as its by design should be used only for ads profiling  It s also stated in the official reference  Only use an Advertising ID for user profiling or ads use cases  It s not only unreliable for device identification  but you also must follow the user privacy regarding ad tracking policy  which states clearly that user can reset or block it at any moment  So don t use it either  Since you cannot have the desired static globally unique and reliable device identifier  Android s official reference suggest   Use a FirebaseInstanceId or a privately stored GUID whenever possible for all other use cases  except for payment fraud prevention and telephony   It s unique for the application installation on the device  so when the user uninstall the app - it s wiped out  so it s not 100  reliable  but it s the next best thing  To use FirebaseInstanceId add the latest firebase-messaging dependency into your gradle implementation  com google firebase firebase-messaging 20 2 4   And use the code below in a background thread  String reliableIdentifier   FirebaseInstanceId getInstance   getId     If you need to store the device identification on your remote server  then don t store it as is  plain text   but a hash with salt  Today it s not only a best practice  you actually must to do it by law according to GDPR - identifiers and similar regulations

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Android device mac id is also a unique id  It won t change even if the device itself is formatted  Use the following code to get the mac id  WifiManager manager    WifiManager  getSystemService Context WIFI SERVICE   WifiInfo info   manager getConnectionInfo    String address   info getMacAddress     Also  don t forget to add the appropriate permissions into your AndroidManifest xml   lt uses-permission android name  quot android permission ACCESS WIFI STATE quot   gt

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String SERIAL NUMER   Build SERIAL    Returns SERIAL NUMBER as a string which unique in each device

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TelephonyManger getDeviceId   Returns the unique device ID  for example  the IMEI for GSM and the MEID or ESN for CDMA phones   final TelephonyManager mTelephony    TelephonyManager  getSystemService Context TELEPHONY SERVICE               String myAndroidDeviceId   mTelephony getDeviceId       But i recommend to use   Settings Secure ANDROID ID that returns the Android ID as an unique 64-bit hex string       String   myAndroidDeviceId   Secure getString getApplicationContext   getContentResolver    Secure ANDROID ID      Sometimes TelephonyManger getDeviceId   will return null  so to assure an unique id you will use this method   public String getUniqueID            String myAndroidDeviceId           TelephonyManager mTelephony    TelephonyManager  getSystemService Context TELEPHONY SERVICE       if  mTelephony getDeviceId      null           myAndroidDeviceId   mTelephony getDeviceId          else           myAndroidDeviceId   Secure getString getApplicationContext   getContentResolver    Secure ANDROID ID              return myAndroidDeviceId

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Not recommended as deviceId can be used as tracking in 3rd party hands  but this is another way    SuppressLint  HardwareIds   private String getDeviceID         deviceId   Settings Secure getString getApplicationContext   getContentResolver                        Settings Secure ANDROID ID       return deviceId

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How about the IMEI  That is unique for Android or other mobile devices

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One thing I ll add - I have one of those unique situations   Using   deviceId   Secure getString this getContext   getContentResolver    Secure ANDROID ID     Turns out that even though my Viewsonic G Tablet reports a DeviceID that is not Null  every single G Tablet reports the same number   Makes it interesting playing  Pocket Empires  which gives you instant access to someone s account based on the  unique  DeviceID   My device does not have a cell radio

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For completeness  here is how you can get the Id in Xamarin Android and C    var id   Settings Secure GetString ContentResolver  Settings Secure AndroidId     Or if you are not within an Activity   var id   Settings Secure GetString context ContentResolver  Settings Secure AndroidId     Where context is the passed in context

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Just a heads up for everyone reading looking for more up to date info  With Android O there are some changes to how the system manages these ids    https   android-developers googleblog com 2017 04 changes-to-device-identifiers-in html  tl dr Serial will require PHONE permission and Android ID will change for different apps  based on their package name and signature   And also Google has put together a nice document which provides suggestions about when to use the hardware and software ids   https   developer android com training articles user-data-ids html

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Get Device UUID  model number with brand name and its version number with the help of below function   Work in Android 10 perfectly and no need to allow read phone state permission   Code Snippets   private void fetchDeviceInfo         String uniquePseudoID    35                Build BOARD length     10               Build BRAND length     10               Build DEVICE length     10               Build DISPLAY length     10               Build HOST length     10               Build ID length     10               Build MANUFACTURER length     10               Build MODEL length     10               Build PRODUCT length     10               Build TAGS length     10               Build TYPE length     10               Build USER length     10       String serial   Build getRadioVersion        String uuid new UUID uniquePseudoID hashCode    serial hashCode    toString        String brand Build BRAND      String modelno Build MODEL      String version Build VERSION RELEASE      Log e TAG   fetchDeviceInfo   n                  n uuid is     uuid                n brand is    brand                n model is    modelno                n version is    version       Call Above function and to check output of above code  please see your log cat in android studio  It look likes below

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There   s rather useful info here   It covers five different ID types    IMEI  only for Android devices with Phone use  needs android permission READ PHONE STATE  Pseudo-Unique ID  for all Android devices  Android ID  can be null  can change upon factory reset  can be altered on rooted phone  WLAN MAC Address string  needs android permission ACCESS WIFI STATE  BT MAC Address string  devices with Bluetooth  needs android permission BLUETOOTH

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UPDATE  As of recent versions of Android  many of the issues with ANDROID ID have been resolved  and I believe this approach is no longer necessary  Please take a look at Anthony s answer  Full disclosure  my app used the below approach originally but no longer uses this approach  and we now use the approach outlined in the Android Developer Blog entry that emmby s answer links to  namely  generating and saving a UUID randomUUID      There are many answers to this question  most of which will only work  quot some quot  of the time  and unfortunately  that s not good enough  Based on my tests of devices  all phones  at least one of which is not activated    All devices tested returned a value for TelephonyManager getDeviceId   All GSM devices  all tested with a SIM  returned a value for TelephonyManager getSimSerialNumber   All CDMA devices returned null for getSimSerialNumber    as expected  All devices with a Google account added returned a value for ANDROID ID All CDMA devices returned the same value  or derivation of the same value  for both ANDROID ID and TelephonyManager getDeviceId   -- as long as a Google account has been added during setup  I did not yet have a chance to test GSM devices with no SIM  a GSM device with no Google account added  or any of the devices in airplane mode   So if you want something unique to the device itself  TM getDeviceId   should be sufficient   Obviously  some users are more paranoid than others  so it might be useful to hash 1 or more of these identifiers  so that the string is still virtually unique to the device  but does not explicitly identify the user s actual device   For example  using String hashCode    combined with a UUID  final TelephonyManager tm    TelephonyManager  getBaseContext   getSystemService Context TELEPHONY SERVICE    final String tmDevice  tmSerial  androidId  tmDevice    quot  quot    tm getDeviceId    tmSerial    quot  quot    tm getSimSerialNumber    androidId    quot  quot    android provider Settings Secure getString getContentResolver    android provider Settings Secure ANDROID ID    UUID deviceUuid   new UUID androidId hashCode      long tmDevice hashCode    lt  lt  32    tmSerial hashCode     String deviceId   deviceUuid toString     might result in something like  00000000-54b3-e7c7-0000-000046bffd97 It works well enough for me  As Richard mentions below  don t forget that you need permission to read the TelephonyManager properties  so add this to your manifest   lt uses-permission android name  quot android permission READ PHONE STATE quot    gt   import libraries import android content Context  import android telephony TelephonyManager  import android view View

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Settings Secure ANDROID ID returns the Android ID as an unique for each user 64-bit hex string  import android provider Settings Secure   private String android id   Secure getString getContext   getContentResolver                                                            Secure ANDROID ID    Also read Best practices for unique identifiers  https   developer android com training articles user-data-ids

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Last Updated  6 2 15    After reading every Stack Overflow post about creating a unique ID  the Google developer blog and Android documentation  I feel as if the  Pseudo ID  is the best possible option   Main Issue  Hardware vs Software  Hardware   Users can change their hardware  Android tablet or phone  so unique IDs based on hardware are not good ideas for TRACKING USERS For TRACKING HARDWARE  this is a great idea   Software   Users can wipe change their ROM if they are rooted You can track users across platforms  iOS  Android  Windows  and Web  The best want to TRACK AN INDIVIDUAL USER with their consent is to simply have them login  make this seamless using OAuth      Overall breakdown with Android  - Guarantee uniqueness  include rooted devices  for API    9 10  99 5  of Android devices   - No extra permissions  Psuedo code   if API  gt   9 10   99 5  of devices   return unique ID containing serial id  rooted devices may be different   else  return the unique ID of build information  may overlap data - API  lt  9    Thanks to  stansult for posting all of our options  in this Stack Overflow question    List of options - reasons why  why not to use them    User Email - Software   User could change email - HIGHLY unlikely API 5   lt uses-permission android name  android permission GET ACCOUNTS    gt  or API 14   lt uses-permission android name  android permission READ PROFILE    gt   lt uses-permission android name  android permission READ CONTACTS    gt   How to get the Android device  39 s primary e-mail address   User Phone Number - Software   Users could change phone numbers - HIGHLY unlikely  lt uses-permission android name  android permission READ PHONE STATE    gt   IMEI - Hardware  only phones  needs android permission READ PHONE STATE    Most users hate the fact that it says  Phone Calls  in the permission  Some users give bad ratings  because they believe you are simply stealing their personal information when all you really want to do is track device installs  It is obvious that you are collecting data   lt uses-permission android name  android permission READ PHONE STATE    gt   Android ID - Hardware  can be null  can change upon factory reset  can be altered on a rooted device    Since it can be  null   we can check for  null  and change its value  but this means it will no longer be unique  If you have a user with a factory reset device  the value may have changed or altered on the rooted device so there may be duplicates entries if you are tracking user installs   WLAN MAC Address - Hardware  needs android permission ACCESS WIFI STATE    This could be the second best option  but you are still collecting and storing a unique identifier that comes directly from a user  This is obvious that you are collecting data   lt uses-permission android name  android permission ACCESS WIFI STATE    gt   Bluetooth MAC Address - Hardware  devices with Bluetooth  needs android permission BLUETOOTH    Most applications on the market do not use Bluetooth  and so if your application doesn t use Bluetooth and you are including this  the user could become suspicious   lt uses-permission android name  android permission BLUETOOTH    gt   Pseudo-Unique ID - Software  for all Android devices    Very possible  may contain collisions - See my method posted below  This allows you to have an  almost unique  ID from the user without taking anything that is private  You can create your own anonymous ID from device information       I know there isn t any  perfect  way of getting a unique ID without using permissions  however  sometimes we only really need to track the device installation  When it comes to creating a unique ID  we can create a  pseudo unique id  based solely off of information that the Android API gives us without using extra permissions  This way  we can show the user respect and try to offer a good user experience as well   With a pseudo-unique id  you really only run into the fact that there may be duplicates based on the fact that there are similar devices  You can tweak the combined method to make it more unique  however  some developers need to track device installs and this will do the trick or performance based on similar devices   API    9   If their Android device is API 9 or over  this is guaranteed to be unique because of the  Build SERIAL  field   REMEMBER  you are technically only missing out on around 0 5  of users who have API  lt  9  So you can focus on the rest  This is 99 5  of the users   API  lt  9   If the user s Android device is lower than API 9  hopefully  they have not done a factory reset and their  Secure ANDROID ID  will be preserved or not  null    see http   developer android com about dashboards index html   If all else fails   If all else fails  if the user does have lower than API 9  lower than Gingerbread   has reset their device or  Secure ANDROID ID  returns  null   then simply the ID returned will be solely based off their Android device information  This is where the collisions can happen   Changes    Removed  Android SECURE ID  because of factory resets could cause the value to change Edited the code to change on API Changed the Pseudo   Please take a look at the method below          Return pseudo unique ID     return ID     public static String getUniquePsuedoID            If all else fails  if the user does have lower than API 9  lower        than Gingerbread   has reset their device or  Secure ANDROID ID         returns  null   then simply the ID returned will be solely based        off their Android device information  This is where the collisions        can happen         Thanks http   www pocketmagic net  p 1662         Try not to use DISPLAY  HOST or ID - these items could change         If there are collisions  there will be overlapping data     String m szDevIDShort    35     Build BOARD length     10     Build BRAND length     10     Build CPU ABI length     10     Build DEVICE length     10     Build MANUFACTURER length     10     Build MODEL length     10     Build PRODUCT length     10           Thanks to  Roman SL         https   stackoverflow com a 4789483 950427        Only devices with API  gt   9 have android os Build SERIAL        http   developer android com reference android os Build html SERIAL        If a user upgrades software or roots their device  there will be a duplicate entry     String serial   null      try           serial   android os Build class getField  SERIAL   get null  toString                Go ahead and return the serial for api   gt  9         return new UUID m szDevIDShort hashCode    serial hashCode    toString          catch  Exception exception               String needs to be initialized         serial    serial      some value               Thanks  Joe         https   stackoverflow com a 2853253 950427        Finally  combine the values we have found by using the UUID class to create a unique identifier     return new UUID m szDevIDShort hashCode    serial hashCode    toString          New  for apps with ads AND Google Play Services    From the Google Play Developer s console      Beginning August 1st  2014  the Google Play Developer Program Policy   requires all new app uploads and updates to use the advertising ID in   lieu of any other persistent identifiers for any advertising purposes    Learn more   Implementation   Permission    lt uses-permission android name  android permission INTERNET    gt    Code   import com google android gms ads identifier AdvertisingIdClient  import com google android gms ads identifier AdvertisingIdClient Info  import com google android gms common GooglePlayServicesAvailabilityException  import com google android gms common GooglePlayServicesNotAvailableException  import java io IOException          Do not call this function from the main thread  Otherwise      an IllegalStateException will be thrown  public void getIdThread        Info adInfo   null    try       adInfo   AdvertisingIdClient getAdvertisingIdInfo mContext        catch  IOException exception           Unrecoverable error connecting to Google Play services  e g          the old version of the service doesn t support getting AdvertisingId        catch  GooglePlayServicesAvailabilityException exception           Encountered a recoverable error connecting to Google Play services        catch  GooglePlayServicesNotAvailableException exception           Google Play services is not available entirely        final String id   adInfo getId      final boolean isLAT   adInfo isLimitAdTrackingEnabled        Source Docs   http   developer android com google play-services id html http   developer android com reference com google android gms ads identifier AdvertisingIdClient html  Important      It is intended that the advertising ID completely replace existing   usage of other identifiers for ads purposes  such as the use of ANDROID ID   in Settings Secure  when Google Play Services is available  Cases   where Google Play Services is unavailable are indicated by a   GooglePlayServicesNotAvailableException being thrown by   getAdvertisingIdInfo      Warning  users can reset   http   en kioskea net faq 34732-android-reset-your-advertising-id  I have tried to reference every link that I took information from  If you are missing and need to be included  please comment   Google Player Services InstanceID  https   developers google com instance-id

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A Serial field was added to the Build class in API level 9  Android 2 3 - Gingerbread   Documentation says it represents the hardware serial number  Thus it should be unique  if it exists on the device    I don t know whether it is actually supported   not null  by all devices with API level    9 though

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The official Android Developers Blog now has a full article just about this very subject  Identifying App Installations

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Android restricts the hardware related Id after Android O  therefore    Android Id is the solution for unique id but it has an issue when   reflector the device it will generate new android id to overcome this   problem we can use the DRUMID    val WIDEVINE UUID   UUID -0x121074568629b532L  -0x5c37d8232ae2de13L  val drumIDByteArray   MediaDrm WIDEVINE UUID  getPropertyByteArray MediaDrm PROPERTY DEVICE UNIQUE ID   val drumID   android util Base64 encodeToString drumIDByteArray android util Base64 DEFAULT

[android] Is there a unique Android device ID?

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