Create a simple project with pom.xml only. Add your dependency and run:
mvn dependency:tree
Unfortunately dependency mojo must use pom.xml or you get following error:
Cannot execute mojo: tree. It requires a project with an existing pom.xml, but the build is not using one.
Dependencies are described In pom.xml of your artifact. Find it using maven infrastructure.
Go to https://search.maven.org/ and enter your groupId and artifactId.
Or you can go to https://repo1.maven.org/maven2/ and navigate first using plugins groupId, later using artifactId and finally using its version.
For example see org.springframework:spring-core
Part of dependency artifact is a pom.xml. That specifies it's dependency. And you can execute mvn dependency:tree on this pom.