Invariant Violation Objects are not valid as a React child

Question

In my component s render function I have   render         const items     EN    IT    FR    GR    RU   map  item    gt          return   lt li onClick  this onItemClick bind this  item   key  item  gt  item  lt  li gt                return          lt div gt                               lt ul gt                     items                   lt  ul gt                      lt  div gt               everything renders fine  however when clicking the  lt li gt  element I receive the following error      Uncaught Error  Invariant Violation  Objects are not valid as a React   child  found  object with keys  dispatchConfig  dispatchMarker    nativeEvent  target  currentTarget  type  eventPhase  bubbles    cancelable  timeStamp  defaultPrevented  isTrusted  view  detail    screenX  screenY  clientX  clientY  ctrlKey  shiftKey  altKey    metaKey  getModifierState  button  buttons  relatedTarget  pageX    pageY  isDefaultPrevented  isPropagationStopped   dispatchListeners     dispatchIDs    If you meant to render a collection of children  use an array instead or wrap the object using createFragment object  from   the React add-ons  Check the render method of Welcome    If I change to this onItemClick bind this  item  to  e    gt  onItemClick e  item  inside the map function everything works as expected   If someone could explain what I am doing wrong and explain why do I get this error  would be great  UPDATE 1  onItemClick function is as follows and removing this setState results in error disappearing   onItemClick e  item        this setState         lang  item              But I cannot remove this line as I need to update state of this component

User · Answer

Found  object with keys   Which means you passing something is a key-value  So you need to modify your handler   from  onItemClick e  item       this setState        lang  item             to  onItemClick  e  item       this setState       lang  item            You missed out the braces

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Mine had to do with unnecessarily putting curly braces around a variable holding a HTML element inside the return statement of the render   function  This made React treat it as an object rather than an element   render       let element          lt div className  some-class  gt         lt span gt Some text lt  span gt       lt  div gt          return        element          Once I removed the curly braces from the element  the error was gone  and the element was rendered correctly

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I also have the same problem but my mistake is so stupid  I was trying to access object directly   class App extends Component       state             name  xyz           age 10           render             return                lt div className  App  gt                     this is what I am using which gives the error                  lt p gt I am inside the  state   lt  p gt                      Correct Way is                   lt p gt I am inside the  this state name   lt  p gt                lt  div gt

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I got this error any time I was calling async on a renderItem function in my FlatList  I had to create a new function to set my Firestore collection to my state before calling said state data inside my FlatList

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I have the same issue  in my case   I update the redux state  and new data parameters did not match old parameters  So when I want to access some parameters it through this Error   Maybe this experience help someone

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I too was getting this  Objects are not valid as a React child  error and for me the cause was due to calling an asynchronous function in my JSX   See below   class App extends React Component       showHello   async      gt            const response   await someAPI get   api endpoint                Even with response ignored in JSX below  this JSX is not immediately returned              causing  Objects are not valid as a React child  error          return   lt div gt Hello  lt  div gt               render             return                lt div gt                   this showHello                 lt  div gt                       What I learned is that asynchronous rendering is not supported in React   The React team is working on a solution as documented here

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My error was because of writing it this way   props allinfo map  stuff  i   gt     return   lt p key  i  gt  I am  stuff   lt  p gt          instead of   props allinfo map  stuff  i   gt     return   lt p key  i  gt  I am  stuff name   lt  p gt        It meant I was trying to render object instead of the value within it   edit  this is for react not native

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My issue was simple when i faced the following error   objects are not valid as a react child  found object with keys         was just that I was passing an object with keys specified in the error while trying to render the object directly in a component using  object  expecting it to be a string  object        key1   key1       key2   key2      while rendering on a React Component  I used something like below  render         return this props object      but it should have been  render         return this props object key1

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Something like this has just happened to me     I wrote    response isDisplayOptions  amp  amp   element      Placing it inside a div fixed it    response isDisplayOptions  amp  amp       lt div gt           element       lt  div gt

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I got the same error  I changed this  export default withAlert Alerts    to this     export default withAlert   Alerts    In older versions the former code was ok   but in later versions it throws an error  So use the later code to avoid the errror

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Mine had to do with forgetting the curly braces around props being sent to a presentational component   Before   const TypeAheadInput    name  options  onChange  value  error    gt      After  const TypeAheadInput     name  options  onChange  value  error     gt

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React child singular  should be type of primitive data type not object or it could be JSX tag which is not in our case   Use Proptypes package in development to make sure validation happens   Just a quick code snippet JSX  comparision to represent you with idea     Error   With object being passed into child   lt div gt      item is object with user s name and its other details on it       items map  item  index    gt      return  lt div key  index  gt  --item object invalid as react child--- gt  gt  gt  item  lt  div gt         lt  div gt   Without error   With object s property which should be primitive  i e  a string value or integer value  being passed into child    lt div gt       item is object with user s name and its other details on it        items map  item  index    gt       return  lt div key  index  gt  --note the name property is primitive--- gt  item name  lt  div gt          lt  div gt     TLDR   From the source below    Make sure all of the items you re rendering in JSX are primitives and not objects when using React  This error usually happens because a function involved in dispatching an event has been given an unexpected object type  i e passing an object when you should be passing a string  or part of the JSX in your component is not referencing a primitive  i e  this props vs this props name    Source - codingbismuth com

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In case of using Firebase  if it doesn t work by putting at the end of import statements then you can try to put that inside one of the life-cycle method  that is  you can put it inside componentWillMount     componentWillMount         const firebase   require  firebase        firebase initializeApp             Credentials

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In my case it was because of a dynamic array which had to  be injected at runtime   I just added the null checks for object and it worked fine   Before        render           lt div gt   props data roles 0    lt  div gt           After       let items    props  amp  amp  props data  amp  amp  props data roles   props data roles      render           lt div gt   items i    lt  div gt

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If for some reason you imported firebase  Then try running npm i --save firebase 5 0 3  This is because firebase break react-native  so running this will fix it

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Just thought I would add to this as I had the same problem today  turns out that it was because I was returning just the function  when I wrapped it in a  lt div gt  tag it started working  as below  renderGallery       const gallerySection   galleries map  gallery  i    gt        return          lt div gt                     lt  div gt                 return        gallerySection           The above caused the error  I fixed the problem by changing the return   section to   return      lt div gt       gallerySection     lt  div gt          or simply   return gallerySection

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I got this error rendering something in a ternary operator   What I did    render      const bar    lt div gt asdfasdf lt  div gt    return   this state foo    bar     lt div gt blahblah lt  div gt        Turns out it should be bar without the brackets  like    render      const bar    lt div gt asdfasdf lt  div gt    return   this state foo   bar    lt div gt blahblah lt  div gt

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Invariant Violation  Objects are not valid as a React child happened to me when using a component that needed a renderItem props  like   renderItem  this renderItem    and my mistake was to make my renderItem method async

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I was having this error and it turned out to be that I was unintentionally including an Object in my JSX code that I had expected to be a string value   return        lt BreadcrumbItem href  routeString  gt           breadcrumbElement       lt  BreadcrumbItem gt      breadcrumbElement used to be a string but due to a refactor had become an Object  Unfortunately  React s error message didn t do a good job in pointing me to the line where the problem existed  I had to follow my stack trace all the way back up until I recognized the  props  being passed into a component and then I found the offending code   You ll need to either reference a property of the object that is a string value or convert the Object to a string representation that is desirable  One option might be JSON stringify if you actually want to see the contents of the Object

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try      throw new Error  lt p gt An error occured lt  p gt    catch e       return  e      The above code produced the error  I then rewrote it like this   try      throw  lt p gt An error occured lt  p gt    catch e       return  e      Take note of the removal of new Error   in the try block     A better way to write the code in order to avoid this error message Expected an object to be thrown no-throw-literal is to pass a string into throw new Error   instead of JSX and return JSX in your catch block  something like this   try      throw new Error  An error occurred    catch e       return            lt p gt  e message  lt  p gt

User · Answer

Try this   items  amp  amp  items title   items title    No item

User · Answer

Obviously  as others have mentioned previously in this thread  in React JSX props children cannot be of type Object   This is NOT the root cause for the issue in your specific question   If you carefully read the error text  you will see that React has produced the error while trying to render an Object that matches the signature of a SyntheticEvent   Uncaught Error  Invariant Violation  Objects are not valid as a React child  found  object with keys  dispatchConfig  dispatchMarker  nativeEvent  target  currentTarget  type  eventPhase  bubbles  cancelable  timeStamp  defaultPrevented  isTrusted  view  detail  screenX  screenY  clientX  clientY  ctrlKey  shiftKey  altKey  metaKey  getModifierState  button  buttons  relatedTarget  pageX  pageY  isDefaultPrevented  isPropagationStopped   dispatchListeners   dispatchIDs    If you meant to render a collection of children  use an array instead or wrap the object using createFragment object  from the React add-ons  Check the render method of Welcome    However  one wonders why you are trying to render a SyntheticEvent  and this is where the real answer to your question resides   You obviously have no intention of rendering a SyntheticEvent  but you ve got your event handler parameters out of order   In your render method  you are binding the onItemClick event handler to the this of your class component and passing in item as an argument   render         const items     EN    IT    FR    GR    RU   map  item    gt          return   lt li onClick  this onItemClick bind this  item   key  item  gt  item  lt  li gt                     According to the documentation for Function prototype bind  all arguments passed after the thisArg are prepended to any arguments subsequently passed when the target function is later invoked      arg1  arg2            Arguments to prepend to arguments provided to the   bound function when invoking the target function    If we then look at the event handler  we see that the parameter e is listed before the parameter item     onItemClick e  item        this setState         lang  item              When onItemClick e  item  is invoked  the item passed in during the bind invocation will precede the triggering event  so parameter e will be set to the mapped and bound item  and parameter item will be set to the event   When setState is called  lang will be set to the SyntheticEvent representing the triggering onClick event  and when you try to render the value in this state lang elsewhere  you will receive the Invariant Violation error you ve seen

User · Answer

If in case your using Firebase any of the files within your project  Then just place that import firebase statement at the end    I know this sounds crazy but try it

User · Answer

For those who mentioned Stringify   and toString   as solution  I will say that worked for me but we have to understand the problem and why did it occur  In my code it was simple issue  I had 2 buttons which call same function but one button was not passing the argument to that function properly

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If you are using Firebase and seeing this error  it s worth to check if you re importing it right  As of version 5 0 4 you have to import it like this   import firebase from   firebase app  import   firebase auth   import   firebase database   import   firebase storage     Yes  I know  I lost 45 minutes on this  too

User · Answer

Just create a valid JSX element  In my case I assigned a component to an object   const AwesomeButtonComponent        gt   lt button gt AwesomeButton lt  button gt  const next       link   http   awesomeLink com     text   Awesome text     comp  AwesomeButtonComponent     Somewhere else in my Code I wanted to dynamically assign that button   return      lt div gt       next comp   next comp    lt DefaultAwesomeButtonComp  gt      lt  div gt      I solve this by declaring a JSX comp which I initialized via the props comp   const AwesomeBtnFromProps   next comp return      lt div gt       next comp    lt AwesomeBtnFromProps  gt     lt DefaultAwesomeButtonComp  gt      lt  div gt

User · Answer

This was my code  class App extends Component     constructor props       super props      this state           value  null        getDatacall   null           this getData   this getData bind this        getData            if  this state getDatacall     false        sleep 4000      returnData  quot what is the time quot   then value   gt  this setState  value  getDatacall true                   componentDidMount         sleep 4000       this getData         render         this getData       sleep 4000      console log this state value      return          lt p gt    this state value    lt  p gt               and I was running into this error  I had to change it to  render         this getData       sleep 4000      console log this state value      return          lt p gt    JSON stringify this state value     lt  p gt             Hope this helps someone

User · Answer

I had the same problem because I didn t put the props in the curly braces   export default function Hero children  hero         return            lt header className  hero  gt               children           lt  header gt             So if your code is similar to the above one then you will get this error  To resolve this just put curly braces around the props   export default function Hero   children  hero          return            lt header className  hero  gt               children           lt  header gt

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Thanks to a comment by zerkms  I was able to notice my stupid mistake   I had onItemClick e  item  when I should have had onItemClick item  e

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I just put myself through a really silly version of this error  which I may as well share here for posterity   I had some JSX like this                  lt Foo   gt                I needed to comment this out to debug something  I used the keyboard shortcut in my IDE  which resulted in this                       lt Foo   gt                     Which is  of course  invalid -- objects are not valid as react children

User · Answer

What s happening is the onClick function you are trying to implement gets executed immediately  As our code is not HTML it is javascript so it is interpreted as a function execution  onClick function takes a function as argument not an function execution    const items     EN    IT    FR    GR    RU   map  item    gt          return   lt li onClick   e    gt  onItemClick e  item   key  item  gt  item  lt  li gt             this will define an onClick function on List Item that will get executed after clicking on it not as soon as our component renders

User · Answer

Typically this pops up because you don t destructure properly  Take this code for example   const Button   text   gt   lt button gt  text  lt  button gt   const SomeForm        gt       lt Button text  Save    gt      We re declaring it with the   text   gt  param  But really  React is expecting this to be an all-encompassing props object   So we should really be doing something like this   const Button   props   gt   lt button gt  props text  lt  button gt   const SomeForm        gt       lt Button text  Save    gt      Notice the difference  The props param here could be named anything  props is just the convention that matches the nomenclature   React is just expecting an object with keys and vals   With object destructuring you can do  and will frequently see  something like this   const Button      text      gt   lt button gt  text  lt  button gt   const SomeForm        gt       lt Button text  Save    gt         which works   Chances are  anyone stumbling upon this just accidentally declared their component s props param without destructuring

User · Answer

I just got the same error but due to a different mistake  I used double braces like     count     to insert the value of count instead of the correct    count    which the compiler presumably turned into   count  count    i e  trying to insert an Object as a React child

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For anybody using Firebase with Android  this only breaks Android   My iOS emulation ignores it   And as posted by Apoorv Bankey above     Anything above Firebase V5 0 3  for Android  atm is a bust   Fix   npm i --save firebase 5 0 3   Confirmed numerous times here https   github com firebase firebase-js-sdk issues 871

User · Answer

In my case  I added a async to my child function component and encountered this error  Don t use async with child component

User · Answer

If using stateless components  follow this kind of format   const Header     pageTitle     gt       lt h1 gt  pageTitle  lt  h1 gt     export  Header     This seemed to work for me

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My issue was very particular  in my  env file  I put a comment in the line that had my api url   API URL https   6ec1259f ngrok io  comment   I d get the Invariant violation error when trying to log in sign up  as the api url was wrong

User · Answer

So I got this error when trying to display the createdAt property which is a Date object   If you concatenate  toString   on the end like this  it will do the conversion and eliminate the error   Just posting this as a possible answer in case anyone else ran into the same problem    this props task createdAt toString

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In my case it was i forgot to return a html element frm the render function and i was returning an object   What i did was i just wrapped the  items  with a html element - a simple div like below   x000D   x000D   lt ul gt  items  lt  ul gt  x000D   x000D   x000D

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I d like to add another solution to this list   Specs     react     16 2 0    react-dom     16 2 0    react-redux     5 0 6    react-scripts     1 0 17    redux     3 7 2    I encountered the same error      Uncaught Error  Objects are not valid as a React child  found  object   with keys  XXXXX    If you meant to render a collection of children    use an array instead    This was my code   let payload           guess  this userInput value     this props dispatch checkAnswer payload      Solution        let payload            guess  this userInput value          this props dispatch checkAnswer this userInput value      The problem was occurring because the payload was sending the item as an object  When I removed the payload variable and put the userInput value into the dispatch everything started working as expected

User · Answer

You were just using the keys of object  instead of the whole object   More details can be found here  https   github com gildata RAIO issues 48   x000D   x000D  import React    Component   from  react   x000D  import PropTypes from  prop-types   x000D   x000D  class SCT extends Component   x000D      constructor props  context    x000D          super props  context   x000D          this state     x000D              data  this props data  x000D              new data     x000D             x000D        x000D      componentDidMount     x000D          let new data   this state data  x000D          console log  new data   new data   x000D          this setState  x000D                x000D                  new data  Object assign     new data  x000D                x000D            x000D        x000D      render     x000D          return   x000D               lt div gt  x000D                  this state data    JSON stringify this state data   x000D                   lt hr  gt  x000D                   lt div style   color   red    gt  x000D                       this state new data name  lt br   gt  x000D                       this state new data description  lt br   gt  x000D                       this state new data dependtables  lt br   gt  x000D                   lt  div gt  x000D               lt  div gt  x000D             x000D        x000D    x000D   x000D  SCT propTypes     x000D      test  PropTypes string  x000D      data  PropTypes object isRequired x000D     x000D   x000D  export  SCT   x000D  export default SCT  x000D   lt script src  https   cdnjs cloudflare com ajax libs react 15 1 0 react min js  gt  lt  script gt  x000D   lt script src  https   cdnjs cloudflare com ajax libs react 15 1 0 react-dom min js  gt  lt  script gt  x000D   x000D   x000D

User · Answer

In my case the error was happening because I returned elements array in curly braces instead of just returning the array itself   Code with error     render             var rows   this props products map product   gt   lt tr key  product id  gt  lt td gt  product name  lt  td gt  lt td gt  product price  lt  td gt  lt  tr gt                     return  rows           Correct code   render         var rows   this props products map product   gt   lt tr key  product id  gt  lt td gt  product name  lt  td gt  lt td gt  product price  lt  td gt  lt  tr gt             return rows

[javascript] Invariant Violation: Objects are not valid as a React child

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