You have to drop it and recreate it, but you don't have to incur the cost of revalidating the data if you don't want to.
alter table t drop constraint ck ;
alter table t add constraint ck check (n < 0) enable novalidate;
The enable novalidate
clause will force inserts or updates to have the constraint enforced, but won't force a full table scan against the table to verify all rows comply.