[java] Java: Why is the Date constructor deprecated, and what do I use instead?

The Date constructor expects years in the format of years since 1900, zero-based months, one-based days, and sets hours/minutes/seconds/milliseconds to zero.

Date result = new Date(year, month, day);

So using the Calendar replacement (zero-based years, zero-based months, one-based days) for the deprecated Date constructor, we need something like:

Calendar calendar = Calendar.getInstance();
calendar.clear(); // Sets hours/minutes/seconds/milliseconds to zero
calendar.set(year + 1900, month, day);
Date result = calendar.getTime();

Or using Java 1.8 (which has zero-based year, and one-based months and days):

Date result = Date.from(LocalDate.of(year + 1900, month + 1, day).atStartOfDay(ZoneId.systemDefault()).toInstant());

Here are equal versions of Date, Calendar, and Java 1.8:

int year = 1985; // 1985
int month = 1; // January
int day = 1; // 1st

// Original, 1900-based year, zero-based month, one-based day
Date date1 = new Date(year - 1900, month - 1, day);

// Calendar, zero-based year, zero-based month, one-based day
Calendar calendar = Calendar.getInstance();
calendar.clear(); // Sets hours/minutes/seconds/milliseconds to zero
calendar.set(year, month - 1, day);
Date date2 = calendar.getTime();

// Java-time back to Date, zero-based year, one-based month, one-based day
Date date3 = Date.from(LocalDate.of(year, month, day).atStartOfDay(ZoneId.systemDefault()).toInstant());

SimpleDateFormat format = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MMM-dd HH:mm:ss.SSS");

// All 3 print "1985-Jan-01 00:00:00.000"
System.out.println(format.format(date1));
System.out.println(format.format(date2));
System.out.println(format.format(date3));

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