How can I check the extension of a file

Question

I m working on a certain program where I need to do different things depending on the extension of the file  Could I just use this   if m      mp3        elif m      flac

User · Answer

file  test xlsx  if file endswith   csv        print  file is CSV   elif file endswith   xlsx        print  file is excel   else      print  none of them

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Look at module fnmatch   That will do what you re trying to do   import fnmatch import os  for file in os listdir           if fnmatch fnmatch file     txt            print file

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or perhaps    from glob import glob     for files in glob  path   mp3       do something for files in glob  path   flac       do something else

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os path provides many functions for manipulating paths filenames   docs   os path splitext takes a path and splits the file extension from the end of it   import os  filepaths      folder soundfile mp3    folder1 folder soundfile flac    for fp in filepaths        Split the extension from the path and normalise it to lowercase      ext   os path splitext fp  -1  lower          Now we can simply use    to check for equality  no need for wildcards      if ext      mp3           print fp   is an mp3       elif ext      flac           print fp   is a flac file       else          print fp   is an unknown file format     Gives     folder soundfile mp3 is an mp3  folder1 folder soundfile flac is a flac file

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usr bin python  import shutil  os  source     test sound flac   ts mp3    for files in source    fileName fileExtension   os path splitext files     if fileExtension    flac        print  This file is flac file  s   files   elif  fileExtension    mp3       print  This file is mp3 file  s   files   else      print  Format is not valid

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An old thread  but may help future readers     I would avoid using  lower   on filenames if for no other reason than to make your code more platform independent   linux is case sensistive   lower   on a filename will surely corrupt your logic eventually    or worse  an important file    Why not use re    Although to be even more robust  you should check the magic file header of each file    How to check type of files without extensions in python     import re  def checkext fname          if re search    mp3   fname flags re IGNORECASE           return  mp3       if re search    flac   fname flags re IGNORECASE           return  flac       return  skip    flist     myfile mp3    myfile MP3   myfile mP3   myfile mp4   myfile flack   myfile FLAC         myfile Mov   myfile fLaC    for f in flist      print        gt      format f checkext f      Output   myfile mp3    gt  mp3 myfile MP3    gt  mp3 myfile mP3    gt  mp3 myfile mp4    gt  skip myfile flack    gt  skip myfile FLAC    gt  flac myfile Mov    gt  skip myfile fLaC    gt  flac

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one easy way could be   import os  if os path splitext file  1       mp3         do something   os path splitext file  will return a tuple with two values  the filename without extension   just the extension   The second index   1   will therefor give you just the extension  The cool thing is  that this way you can also access the filename pretty easily  if needed

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if  file split      1      mp3        print  its mp3  elif  file split      1      flac        print  its flac  else      print  not compat

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Use pathlib From Python3 4 onwards   from pathlib import Path Path  my file mp3   suffix      mp3

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Some of the answers above don t account for folder names with periods   folder mp3 is a valid folder name   You should make sure the  quot file quot  isn t actually a folder before checking the extension   Checking the extension of a file  import os  file path    quot C  folder file mp3 quot  if os path isfile file path       file extension   os path splitext file path  1      if file extension lower       quot  mp3 quot           print  quot It s an mp3 quot       if file extension lower       quot  flac quot           print  quot It s a flac quot    Output  It s an mp3   Checking the extension of all files in a folder  import os  directory    quot C  folder quot  for file in os listdir directory       file path   os path join directory  file      if os path isfile file path           file extension   os path splitext file path  1          print file   quot ends in quot   file extension   Output  abc txt ends in  txt file mp3 ends in  mp3 song flac ends in  flac   Comparing file extension against multiple types  import os  file path    quot C  folder file mp3 quot  if os path isfile file path       file extension   os path splitext file path  1      if file extension lower   in    mp3     flac     ogg            print  quot It s a music file quot       elif file extension lower   in    jpg     jpeg     png            print  quot It s an image file quot    Output  It s a music file

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import os source     test sound flac   ts mp3    for files in source     fileName fileExtension   os path splitext files     print fileExtension     Print File Extensions    print fileName     It print file name

User · Answer

Assuming m is a string  you can use endswith   if m endswith   mp3        elif m endswith   flac          To be case-insensitive  and to eliminate a potentially large else-if chain   m lower   endswith    png     jpg     jpeg

[python] How can I check the extension of a file?

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