[postgresql] Getting the encoding of a Postgres database

I have a database, and I need to know the default encoding for the database. I want to get it from the command line.

A programmatic solution:

SELECT pg_encoding_to_char(encoding) FROM pg_database WHERE datname = 'yourdb';

Because there's more than one way to skin a cat:

psql -l

Shows all the database names, encoding, and more.

tl;dr

SELECT character_set_name 
FROM information_schema.character_sets 
;

Standard way: information_schema

From the SQL-standard schema information_schema present in every database/catalog, use the defined view named character_sets. This approach should be portable across all standard database systems.

SELECT * 
FROM information_schema.character_sets 
;

Despite the name being plural, it shows only a single row, reporting on the current database/catalog.

The third column is character_set_name:

Name of the character set, currently implemented as showing the name of the database encoding

Method 1:

If you're already logged in to the db server, just copy and paste this.

SHOW SERVER_ENCODING;

Result:

  server_encoding 
-----------------  
UTF8

For Client encoding :

 SHOW CLIENT_ENCODING;

Method 2:

Again if you are already logged in, use this to get the list based result

\l 

If you want to get database encodings:

psql  -U postgres -h somehost --list

You'll see something like:

List of databases
           Name         |  Owner   | Encoding
------------------------+----------+----------
db1                     | postgres | UTF8