How can two strings be concatenated

Question

How can I concatenate  merge  combine  two values  For example I have   tmp   cbind  GAD    AB   tmp          1     2     1    GAD   AB    My goal is to concatenate the two values in  tmp  to one string    tmp new    GAD AB    Which function can do this for me

User · Answer

For the first non-paste   answer  we can look at stringr  str c    and then toString   below   It hasn t been around as long as this question  so I think it s useful to mention that it also exists     Very simple to use  as you can see   tmp  lt - cbind  GAD    AB   library stringr  str c tmp  collapse           1   GAD AB    From its documentation file description  it fits this problem nicely      To understand how str c works  you need to imagine that you are building up a matrix of strings  Each input argument forms a column  and is expanded to the length of the longest argument  using the usual recyling rules  The sep string is inserted between each column  If collapse is NULL each row is collapsed into a single string  If non-NULL that string is inserted at the end of each row  and the entire matrix collapsed to a single string    Added 4 13 2016  It s not exactly the same as your desired output  extra space   but no one has mentioned it either   toString   is basically a version of paste   with collapse        hard-coded  so you can do  toString tmp     1   GAD  AB

User · Answer

You can create you own operator       amp     lt - function x  y paste0 x y   new    amp    operator   1  newoperator    You can also redefine  and    amp   operator      amp    lt - function x  y paste0 x y   dirty   amp   trick   dirtytrick    messing with baseline syntax is ugly  but so is using paste   paste0   if you work only with your own code you can  almost always  replace logical  amp  and operator with   and do multiplication of logical values instead of using logical  and  amp

User · Answer

paste     is the way to go  As the previous posters pointed out  paste can do two things   concatenate values into one  string   e g    gt  paste  Hello    world   sep       1   Hello world    where the argument sep specifies the character s  to be used between the arguments to concatenate  or collapse character vectors   gt  x  lt - c  Hello    World    gt  x  1   Hello   World   gt  paste x  collapse  --    1   Hello--World    where the argument collapse specifies the character s  to be used between the elements of the vector to be collapsed   You can even combine both    gt  paste x   and some more   sep   -    collapse  --    1   Hello - and some more--World - and some more    Hope this helps

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Consider the case where the strings are columns and the result should be a new column   df  lt - data frame a   letters 1 5   b   LETTERS 1 5   c   1 5   df new col  lt - do call paste  c df c  a    b     sep           df    a b c new col  1 a A 1    a  A  2 b B 2    b  B  3 c C 3    c  C  4 d D 4    d  D  5 e E 5    e  E   Optionally  skip the  c  a    b    subsetting if all columns needs to be pasted     you can also try str c from stringr package as mentioned by other users too  do call str c  c df c  a    b     sep

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Another way   sprintf   s you can add other static strings here  s  string1 string2    It sometimes useful than paste   function   s denotes the place where the subjective strings will be included   Note that this will come in handy as you try to build a path   sprintf    s   paste  this    is    a    path   sep         output   this is a path

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Given the matrix  tmp  that you created   paste tmp 1    collapse          I assume there is some reason why you re creating a matrix using cbind  as opposed to simply   tmp  lt -  GAD AB

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Another non-paste answer   x  lt - capture output cat data  sep         x  1   GAD AB    Where   data  lt - c  GAD    AB

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gt  tmp   paste  GAD    AB   sep         gt  tmp  1   GAD AB    I found this from Google by searching for R concatenate strings  http   stat ethz ch R-manual R-patched library base html paste html

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Alternatively  if your objective is to output directly to a file or stdout  you can use cat   cat s1  s2  sep

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glue is a new function  data class  and package that has been developed as part of the tidyverse  with a lot of extended functionality  It combines features from paste  sprintf  and the previous other answers    tmp  lt - tibble  tibble firststring    GAD   secondstring    AB    tmp new  lt - glue  glue data tmp    firststring   secondstring       gt  GAD AB   Created on 2019-03-06 by the reprex package  v0 2 1   Yes  it s overkill for the simple example in this question  but powerful for many situations   see https   glue tidyverse org    Quick example compared to paste with with below  The glue code was a bit easier to type and looks a bit easier to read    tmp  lt - tibble  tibble firststring   c  GAD    GAD2    GAD3    secondstring   c  AB1    AB2    AB3     tmp new  lt - glue  glue data tmp    firststring  and  secondstring  went to the park for a walk   firststring  forgot his keys       gt  GAD and AB1 went to the park for a walk  GAD forgot his keys    gt  GAD2 and AB2 went to the park for a walk  GAD2 forgot his keys    gt  GAD3 and AB3 went to the park for a walk  GAD3 forgot his keys   with tmp  paste firststring   and   secondstring   went to the park for a walk    firststring   forgot his keys        gt   1   GAD and AB1 went to the park for a walk  GAD forgot his keys       gt   2   GAD2 and AB2 went to the park for a walk  GAD2 forgot his keys     gt   3   GAD3 and AB3 went to the park for a walk  GAD3 forgot his keys     Created on 2019-03-06 by the reprex package  v0 2 1

User · Answer

As others have pointed out  paste   is the way to go  But it can get annoying to have to type paste str1  str2  str3  sep     everytime you want the non-default separator   You can very easily create wrapper functions that make life much simpler  For instance  if you find yourself concatenating strings with no separator really often  you can do   p  lt - function      sep           paste      sep sep  collapse sep      or if you often want to join strings from a vector  like implode   from PHP    implode  lt - function      sep            paste      collapse sep      Allows you do do this   p  a    b    c     1   abc  vec  lt - c  a    b    c   implode vec    1   abc  implode vec  sep         1   a  b  c    Also  there is the built-in paste0  which does the same thing as my implode  but without allowing custom separators  It s slightly more efficient than paste

User · Answer

help search   is a handy function  e g     gt  help search  concatenate     will lead you to paste

[r] How can two strings be concatenated?

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