Get a file name from a path

Question

What is the simplest way to get the file name that from a path    string filename    C   MyDirectory  MyFile bat    In this example  I should get  MyFile   without extension

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I implemented a function that might meet your needs  It is based on string view s constexpr function find last of  since c  17  which can be calculated at compile time constexpr const char  base filename const char  p        const size t i   std  string view p  find last of           return std  string view  npos    i   p   p   i   1        in the file you used this function base filename   FILE

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Function    include  lt string gt   std  string basename const std  string  amp filename        if  filename empty              return                auto len   filename length        auto index   filename find last of              if  index    std  string  npos            return filename             if  index   1  gt   len             len--          index   filename substr 0  len  find last of                  if  len    0                return filename                     if  index    0                return filename substr 1  len - 1                      if  index    std  string  npos                return filename substr 0  len                      return filename substr index   1  len - index - 1              return filename substr index   1  len - index       Tests    define CATCH CONFIG MAIN  include  lt catch catch hpp gt   TEST CASE  basename         CHECK basename                 CHECK basename  no path       no path        CHECK basename  with ext       with ext        CHECK basename   no filename        no filename        CHECK basename  no filename        no filename        CHECK basename   no filename        filename        CHECK basename   absolute file ext       file ext        CHECK basename     relative file ext       file ext        CHECK basename                   CHECK basename  c   windows  path ext       path ext        CHECK basename  c   windows  no filename         no filename

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shlwapi lib dll uses the HKCU registry hive internally    It s best not to link to shlwapi lib if you re creating a library or the product does not have a UI   If you re writing a lib then your code can be used in any project including those that don t have UIs     If you re writing code that runs when a user is not logged in  e g  service  or other  set to start at boot or startup  then there s no HKCU   Lastly  shlwapi are settlement functions  and as a result high on the list to deprecate in later versions of Windows

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std  string getfilename std  string path        path   path substr path find last of          1       size t dot i   path find last of           return path substr 0  dot i

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You can also use the shell Path APIs PathFindFileName  PathRemoveExtension   Probably worse than  splitpath for this particular problem  but those APIs are very useful for all kinds of path parsing  jobs and they take UNC paths  forward slashes and other weird stuff into account     wstring filename   L C   MyDirectory  MyFile bat   wchar t  filepart   PathFindFileName filename c str     PathRemoveExtension filepart      http   msdn microsoft com en-us library windows desktop bb773589 v vs 85  aspx  The drawback is that you have to link to shlwapi lib  but I m not really sure why that s a drawback

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this is the only thing that actually finally worked for me    include  Shlwapi h   CString some string    c   path  hello txt   LPCSTR file path   some string GetString    LPCSTR filepart c   PathFindFileName file path   LPSTR filepart   LPSTR filepart c   PathRemoveExtension filepart     pretty much what Skrymsli suggested but doesn t work with wchar t    VS Enterprise 2015    splitpath worked as well  but I don t like having to guess at how many char    characters I m going to need  some people probably need this control  i guess   CString c model name    c   path  hello txt   char drive 200   char dir 200   char name 200   char ext 200    splitpath c model name  drive  dir  name  ext     I don t believe any includes were needed for  splitpath  No external libraries  like boost  were needed for either of these solutions

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This should work too       strPath    C   Dir  File bat  for example std  string getFileName const std  string amp  strPath        size t iLastSeparator   0      return strPath substr  iLastSeparator   strPath find last of           std  string  npos   iLastSeparator   1   0  strPath size   - strPath find last of            If you can use it  Qt provide QString  with split  trim etc   QFile  QPath  QFileInfo etc to manipulate files  filenames and directories  And of course it s also cross plaftorm

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A possible solution   string filename    C   MyDirectory  MyFile bat       Remove directory if present     Do this before extension removal incase directory has a period character  const size t last slash idx   filename find last of         if  std  string  npos    last slash idx        filename erase 0  last slash idx   1         Remove extension if present  const size t period idx   filename rfind       if  std  string  npos    period idx        filename erase period idx

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Dont use  splitpath   and  wsplitpath    They are not safe  and they are obsolete   Instead  use their safe versions  namely  splitpath s   and  wsplitpath s

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A slow but straight forward regex solution      std  string file   std  regex replace path  std  regex  quot                 quot     quot  quot

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From C   Docs - string  find last of   include  lt iostream gt           std  cout  include  lt string gt             std  string  void SplitFilename  const std  string amp  str      std  cout  lt  lt   Splitting     lt  lt  str  lt  lt    n     unsigned found   str find last of           std  cout  lt  lt    path     lt  lt  str substr 0 found   lt  lt    n     std  cout  lt  lt    file     lt  lt  str substr found 1   lt  lt    n      int main        std  string str1    usr bin man      std  string str2   c   windows  winhelp exe       SplitFilename  str1     SplitFilename  str2      return 0      Outputs   Splitting   usr bin man  path   usr bin  file  man Splitting  c  windows winhelp exe  path  c  windows  file  winhelp exe

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You can use the std  filesystem to do it quite nicely      include  lt filesystem gt  namespace fs   std  experimental  filesystem   fs  path myFilePath  C   MyDirectory  MyFile bat    fs  path filename   myFilePath stem

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splitpath should do what you need  You could of course do it manually but  splitpath handles all special cases as well   EDIT   As BillHoag mentioned it is recommended to use the more safe version of  splitpath called  splitpath s when available   Or if you want something portable you could just do something like this  std  vector lt std  string gt  splitpath    const std  string amp  str     const std  set lt char gt  delimiters      std  vector lt std  string gt  result     char const  pch   str c str      char const  start   pch    for    pch    pch          if  delimiters find  pch     delimiters end                if  start    pch                  std  string str start  pch           result push back str                 else                 result push back                    start   pch   1              result push back start      return result         std  set lt char gt  delims         std  vector lt std  string gt  path   splitpath  C   MyDirectory  MyFile bat   delims   cout  lt  lt  path back    lt  lt  endl

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The boost filesystem library is also available as the experimental filesystem library and was merged into ISO C   for C  17  You can use it like this    include  lt iostream gt   include  lt experimental filesystem gt   namespace fs   std  experimental  filesystem   int main          std  cout  lt  lt  fs  path   foo bar txt   filename    lt  lt    n      Output    bar txt    It also works for std  string objects

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The simplest solution is to use something like boost  filesystem   If for some reason this isn t an option     Doing this correctly will require some system dependent code  under Windows  either      or     can be a path separator  under Unix  only     works  and under other systems  who knows   The obvious solution would be something like   std  string basename  std  string const amp  pathname         return std  string           std  find if  pathname rbegin    pathname rend                          MatchPathSeparator     base            pathname end            with MatchPathSeparator being defined in a system dependent header  as either   struct MatchPathSeparator       bool operator    char ch   const               return ch                    for Unix  or   struct MatchPathSeparator       bool operator    char ch   const               return ch            ch                    for Windows  or something still different for some other unknown system    EDIT   I missed the fact that he also wanted to suppress the extention  For that  more of the same   std  string removeExtension  std  string const amp  filename         std  string  const reverse iterator                         pivot               std  find  filename rbegin    filename rend               return pivot    filename rend             filename           std  string  filename begin    pivot base   - 1        The code is a little bit more complex  because in this case  the base of the reverse iterator is on the wrong side of where we want to cut   Remember that the base of a reverse iterator is one behind the character the iterator points to    And even this is a little dubious  I don t like the fact that it can return an empty string  for example   If the only     is the first character of the filename  I d argue that you should return the full filename   This would require a little bit of extra code to catch the special case

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I would do it by     Search backwards from the end of the string until you find the first backslash forward slash   Then search backwards again from the end of the string until you find the first dot      You then have the start and end of the file name    Simples

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m szFilePath MakeLower    CFileFind finder  DWORD buffSize   MAX PATH  char longPath MAX PATH   DWORD result   GetLongPathName m szFilePath  longPath  MAX PATH     if  result    0        m bExists   FALSE      return    m szFilePath   CString longPath   m szFilePath Replace            m szFilePath Trim      check if it does not ends in     gt  remove it int length   m szFilePath GetLength    if  length  gt  0  amp  amp  m szFilePath length - 1                  m szFilePath Truncate  length - 1      BOOL bWorking   finder FindFile this- gt m szFilePath   if bWorking       bWorking   finder FindNextFile        finder GetCreationTime this- gt m CreationTime       m szFilePath   finder GetFilePath        m szFileName   finder GetFileName         this- gt m szFileExtension   this- gt GetExtension  m szFileName         m szFileTitle   finder GetFileTitle        m szFileURL   finder GetFileURL        finder GetLastAccessTime this- gt m LastAccesTime       finder GetLastWriteTime this- gt m LastWriteTime       m ulFileSize   static cast lt unsigned long gt  finder GetLength         m szRootDirectory   finder GetRoot        m bIsArchive   finder IsArchived        m bIsCompressed   finder IsCompressed        m bIsDirectory   finder IsDirectory        m bIsHidden   finder IsHidden        m bIsNormal   finder IsNormal        m bIsReadOnly   finder IsReadOnly        m bIsSystem   finder IsSystem        m bIsTemporary   finder IsTemporary        m bExists   TRUE      finder Close     else      m bExists   FALSE      The variable m szFileName contains the fileName

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The task is fairly simple as the base filename is just the part of the string starting at the last delimeter for folders   std  string base filename   path substr path find last of          1    If the extension is to be removed as well the only thing to do is find the last   and take a substr to this point  std  string  size type const p base filename find last of        std  string file without extension   base filename substr 0  p     Perhaps there should be a check to cope with files solely consisting of extensions  ie  bashrc      If you split this up into seperate functions you re flexible to reuse the single tasks   template lt class T gt  T base name T const  amp  path  T const  amp  delims              return path substr path find last of delims    1     template lt class T gt  T remove extension T const  amp  filename      typename T  size type const p filename find last of          return p  gt  0  amp  amp  p    T  npos   filename substr 0  p    filename      The code is templated to be able to use it with different std  basic string instances  i e  std  string  amp  std  wstring      The downside of the templation is the requirement to specify the template parameter if a const char   is passed to the functions   So you could either   A  Use only std  string instead of templating the code  std  string base name std  string const  amp  path      return path substr path find last of          1       B   Provide wrapping function using std  string  as intermediates which will likely be inlined   optimized away   inline std  string string base name std  string const  amp  path      return base name path       C  Specify the template parameter when calling with const char     std  string base   base name lt std  string gt   some path file ext      Result  std  string filepath    C   MyDirectory  MyFile bat   std  cout  lt  lt  remove extension base name filepath    lt  lt  std  endl    Prints  MyFile

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For long time I was looking for a function able to properly decompose file path  For me this code is working perfectly for both Linux and Windows   void decomposePath const char  filePath  char  fileDir  char  fileName  char  fileExt         if defined  WIN32         const char  lastSeparator   strrchr filePath              else         const char  lastSeparator   strrchr filePath             endif      const char  lastDot   strrchr filePath            const char  endOfPath   filePath   strlen filePath       const char  startOfName   lastSeparator   lastSeparator   1   filePath      const char  startOfExt   lastDot  gt  startOfName   lastDot   endOfPath       if fileDir           snprintf fileDir  MAX PATH      s   startOfName - filePath  filePath        if fileName           snprintf fileName  MAX PATH      s   startOfExt - startOfName  startOfName        if fileExt           snprintf fileExt  MAX PATH    s   startOfExt       Example results are        fileDir        fileName       fileExt         htaccess    fileDir        fileName    htaccess    fileExt        a exe    fileDir        fileName   a    fileExt     exe    a b c    fileDir    a     fileName   b    fileExt     c    git-archive    fileDir        fileName   git-archive    fileExt        git-archive exe    fileDir        fileName   git-archive    fileExt     exe    D  Git mingw64 libexec git-core  htaccess    fileDir    D  Git mingw64 libexec git-core     fileName    htaccess    fileExt        D  Git mingw64 libexec git-core a exe    fileDir    D  Git mingw64 libexec git-core     fileName   a    fileExt     exe    D  Git mingw64 libexec git-core git-archive exe    fileDir    D  Git mingw64 libexec git-core     fileName   git-archive    fileExt     exe    D  Git mingw64 libexec git core git-archive exe    fileDir    D  Git mingw64 libexec git core     fileName   git-archive    fileExt     exe    D  Git mingw64 libexec git-core git-archiveexe    fileDir    D  Git mingw64 libexec git-core     fileName   git-archiveexe    fileExt        D  Git mingw64 libexec git core git-archiveexe    fileDir    D  Git mingw64 libexec git core     fileName   git-archiveexe    fileExt        I hope this helps you also

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If you can use boost     include  lt boost filesystem hpp gt  path p  C   MyDirectory  MyFile bat    string basename   p filename   string      or    string basename   path  C   MyDirectory  MyFile bat   filename   string      This is all   I recommend you to use boost library  Boost gives you a lot of conveniences when you work with C    It supports almost all platforms  If you use Ubuntu  you can install boost library by only one line sudo apt-get install libboost-all-dev  ref  How to Install boost on Ubuntu

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C  11 variant  inspired by James Kanze s version  with uniform initialization and anonymous inline lambda   std  string basename const std  string amp  pathname        return  std  find if pathname rbegin    pathname rend                                char c    return c            base                pathname end         It does not remove the file extension though

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The Simplest way in C  17 is   use the  include  lt filesystem gt  and filename   for filename with extension and stem   without extension        include  lt iostream gt       include  lt filesystem gt      namespace fs   std  filesystem       int main                 string filename    C   MyDirectory  MyFile bat        std  cout  lt  lt  fs  path filename  filename    lt  lt    n           lt  lt  fs  path filename  stem    lt  lt    n           lt  lt  fs  path   foo bar txt   filename    lt  lt    n           lt  lt  fs  path   foo bar txt   stem    lt  lt    n           lt  lt  fs  path   foo  bar   filename    lt  lt    n           lt  lt  fs  path   foo bar    filename    lt  lt    n           lt  lt  fs  path   foo     filename    lt  lt    n           lt  lt  fs  path   foo      filename    lt  lt    n           lt  lt  fs  path      filename    lt  lt    n           lt  lt  fs  path       filename    lt  lt    n           lt  lt  fs  path      filename    lt  lt    n           output   MyFile bat MyFile  bar txt    bar                              Reference  cppreference

[c++] Get a file name from a path

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