How to determine MIME type of file in android

Question

Suppose I have a full path of file like   sdcard tlogo png    I want to know its mime type   I created a function for it   public static String getMimeType File file  Context context            Uri uri   Uri fromFile file       ContentResolver cR   context getContentResolver        MimeTypeMap mime   MimeTypeMap getSingleton        String type   mime getExtensionFromMimeType cR getType uri        return type      but when i call it  it returns null   File file   new File filePath   String fileType CommonFunctions getMimeType file  context

User · Accepted Answer

First and foremost  you should consider calling MimeTypeMap getMimeTypeFromExtension    like this      url   file path or whatever suitable URL you want  public static String getMimeType String url        String type   null      String extension   MimeTypeMap getFileExtensionFromUrl url       if  extension    null            type   MimeTypeMap getSingleton   getMimeTypeFromExtension extension             return type

User · Answer

its works for me and flexible both for content and file public static String getMimeType Context context  Uri uri        String extension         Check uri format to avoid null     if  uri getScheme   equals ContentResolver SCHEME CONTENT               If scheme is a content         final MimeTypeMap mime   MimeTypeMap getSingleton            extension   mime getExtensionFromMimeType context getContentResolver   getType uri          else             If scheme is a File           This will replace white spaces with  20 and also other special characters  This will avoid returning null values on file name with spaces and special characters          extension   MimeTypeMap getFileExtensionFromUrl Uri fromFile new File uri getPath     toString                 return extension

User · Answer

The MimeTypeMap solution above returned null in my usage   This works  and is easier   Uri uri   Uri fromFile file   ContentResolver cR   context getContentResolver    String mime   cR getType uri

User · Answer

Pay super close attention to umerk44 s solution above  getMimeTypeFromExtension invokes guessMimeTypeTypeFromExtension and is CASE SENSITIVE  I spent an afternoon on this then took a closer look - getMimeTypeFromExtension will return NULL if you pass it  JPG  whereas it will return  image jpeg  if you pass it  jpg

User · Answer

Sometimes Jeb s and Jens s answers don t work and return null  In this case I use follow solution  Head of file usually contains type signature  I read it and compare with known in list of signatures              param is InputStream on start of file  Otherwise signature can not be defined      return int id of signature or -1  if unknown signature was found  See SIGNATURE ID  type  constants to         identify signature by its id      throws IOException in cases of read errors      public static int getSignatureIdFromHeader InputStream is  throws IOException          read signature from head of source and compare with known signatures     int signatureId   -1      int sigCount   SIGNATURES length      int   byteArray   new int MAX SIGNATURE LENGTH       StringBuilder builder   new StringBuilder        for  int i   0  i  lt  MAX SIGNATURE LENGTH  i              byteArray i    is read            builder append Integer toHexString byteArray i               if  DEBUG            Log d TAG   head bytes     builder toString               for  int i   0  i  lt  MAX SIGNATURE LENGTH  i                  check each bytes with known signatures         int bytes   byteArray i           int lastSigId   -1          int coincidences   0           for  int j   0  j  lt  sigCount  j                  int   sig   SIGNATURES j                if  DEBUG                    Log d TAG   compare    i          Integer toHexString bytes      with     sig i                              if  bytes    sig i                     lastSigId   j                  coincidences                                        signature is unknown         if  coincidences    0                break                       if first bytes of signature is known we check signature for full coincidence         if  coincidences    1                int   sig   SIGNATURES lastSigId               int sigLength   sig length              boolean isSigKnown   true              for    i  lt  MAX SIGNATURE LENGTH  amp  amp  i  lt  sigLength  i                      bytes   byteArray i                   if  bytes    sig i                         isSigKnown   false                      break                                              if  isSigKnown                    signatureId   lastSigId                            break                      return signatureId      signatureId is an index of signature in array of signatures  For example   private static final int   SIGNATURE PNG   hexStringToIntArray  89504E470D0A1A0A    private static final int   SIGNATURE JPEG   hexStringToIntArray  FFD8FF    private static final int   SIGNATURE GIF   hexStringToIntArray  474946     public static final int SIGNATURE ID JPEG   0  public static final int SIGNATURE ID PNG   1  public static final int SIGNATURE ID GIF   2  private static final int     SIGNATURES   new int 3      static       SIGNATURES SIGNATURE ID JPEG    SIGNATURE JPEG      SIGNATURES SIGNATURE ID PNG    SIGNATURE PNG      SIGNATURES SIGNATURE ID GIF    SIGNATURE GIF      Now I have file type even if URI of file haven t  Next I get mime type by file type  If you don t know which mime type to get  you can find proper in this table   It works for a lot of file types  But for video it doesn t work  because you need to known video codec to get a mime type  To get video s mime type I use MediaMetadataRetriever

User · Answer

mime from local file   String url   file getAbsolutePath    FileNameMap fileNameMap   URLConnection getFileNameMap    String mime   fileNameMap getContentTypeFor  file     url

User · Answer

Solution September 2020 Using Kotlin fun File getMimeType context  Context   String        if  this isDirectory            return null            fun fallbackMimeType uri  Uri   String            return if  uri scheme    ContentResolver SCHEME CONTENT                context contentResolver getType uri            else               val extension   MimeTypeMap getFileExtensionFromUrl uri toString                MimeTypeMap getSingleton   getMimeTypeFromExtension extension toLowerCase Locale getDefault                          fun catchUrlMimeType    String            val uri   Uri fromFile this           return if  Build VERSION SDK INT  gt   Build VERSION CODES O                val path   Paths get uri toString                try                   Files probeContentType path     fallbackMimeType uri                catch  ignored  IOException                    fallbackMimeType uri                          else               fallbackMimeType uri                       return try           URLConnection guessContentTypeFromStream this inputStream       catchUrlMimeType         catch  ignored  IOException            catchUrlMimeType            That seems like the best option as it combines the previous answers  First it tries to get the type using URLConnection guessContentTypeFromStream but if this fails or returns null it tries to get the mimetype on Android O and above using java nio file Files java nio file Paths  Otherwise if the Android Version is below O or the method fails it returns the type using ContentResolver and MimeTypeMap

User · Answer

I tried to use standard methods to determine the mime type  but I cannot retain the file extension using MimeTypeMap getFileExtensionFromUrl uri getPath     This method returned me an empty string  So I made a non-trivial solution to retain the file extension   Here is the method returning the file extension   private String getExtension String fileName       char   arrayOfFilename   fileName toCharArray        for int i   arrayOfFilename length-1  i  gt  0  i--           if arrayOfFilename i                       return fileName substring i 1  fileName length                         return         And having retained the file extension  it is possible to get mime type like below   public String getMimeType File file        String mimeType           String extension   getExtension file getName         if  MimeTypeMap getSingleton   hasExtension extension             mimeType   MimeTypeMap getSingleton   getMimeTypeFromExtension extension             return mimeType

User · Answer

new processing the mime type out of Uri which may return null in some cases String mimeType   getContentResolver   getType uri      old processing the mime type out of path using the extension part if new way returned null if  mimeType    null  mimeType URLConnection guessContentTypeFromName path

User · Answer

Optimized version of Jens  answere with null-safety and fallback-type    NonNull static String getMimeType  NonNull File file        String type   null      final String url   file toString        final String extension   MimeTypeMap getFileExtensionFromUrl url       if  extension    null            type   MimeTypeMap getSingleton   getMimeTypeFromExtension extension toLowerCase               if  type    null            type    image        fallback type  You might set it to               return type         Important  getFileExtensionFromUrl   only works with lowercase      Update  19 03 2018   Bonus  Above methods as a less verbose Kotlin extension function   fun File getMimeType fallback  String    image      String       return MimeTypeMap getFileExtensionFromUrl toString                  run   MimeTypeMap getSingleton   getMimeTypeFromExtension toLowerCase                     fallback    You might set it to

User · Answer

Detect mime type of any file public String getMimeType Uri uri                   String mimeType   null      if  ContentResolver SCHEME CONTENT equals uri getScheme               ContentResolver cr   getAppContext   getContentResolver            mimeType   cr getType uri         else           String fileExtension   MimeTypeMap getFileExtensionFromUrl uri                  toString             mimeType   MimeTypeMap getSingleton   getMimeTypeFromExtension                  fileExtension toLowerCase               return mimeType

User · Answer

File file   new File path  name        MimeTypeMap mime   MimeTypeMap getSingleton        int index   file getName   lastIndexOf      1      String ext   file getName   substring index  toLowerCase        String type   mime getMimeTypeFromExtension ext        intent setDataAndType Uri fromFile file   type       try             context startActivity intent             catch ActivityNotFoundException ex                ex printStackTrace

User · Answer

None of the answers here are perfect  Here is an answer combining the best elements of all the top answers   public final class FileUtil           By default  Android doesn t provide support for JSON     public static final String MIME TYPE JSON    application json         Nullable     public static String getMimeType  NonNull Context context   NonNull Uri uri             String mimeType   null          if  uri getScheme   equals ContentResolver SCHEME CONTENT                 ContentResolver cr   context getContentResolver                mimeType   cr getType uri             else               String fileExtension   getExtension uri toString                  if fileExtension    null                   return null                             mimeType   MimeTypeMap getSingleton   getMimeTypeFromExtension                      fileExtension toLowerCase                  if mimeType    null                      Handle the misc file extensions                 return handleMiscFileExtensions fileExtension                                   return mimeType              Nullable     private static String getExtension  Nullable String fileName            if fileName    null    TextUtils isEmpty fileName                return null                     char   arrayOfFilename   fileName toCharArray            for int i   arrayOfFilename length-1  i  gt  0  i--               if arrayOfFilename i                           return fileName substring i 1  fileName length                                     return null              Nullable     private static String handleMiscFileExtensions  NonNull String extension            if extension equals  json                 return MIME TYPE JSON                    else              return null

User · Answer

Has also return null value in my case path was       storage emulated 0 Music 01 - Ghost on the Dance Floor mp3   as work around use      val url   inUrl replace           so method looks like   JvmStatic     fun getMimeType inUrl  String    String           if  inUrl    null  return             val url   inUrl replace                 var type  String    null          val extension   MimeTypeMap getFileExtensionFromUrl url          if  extension    null                type   MimeTypeMap getSingleton   getMimeTypeFromExtension extension toLowerCase                       if type   null               val cR   WifiTalkie getApplicationContext   contentResolver             type   cR getType Uri parse url                      if  type    null                type            fallback method type  You might set it to                       return type         as result it return success result       audio mpeg   Hope it helps anybody

User · Answer

you have multiple choice to get extension of file like  1-String filename   uri getLastPathSegment    see this link  2-you can use this code also   filePath  substring filePath lastIndexOf      1     but this not good aproch  3-if you have URI of file then use this Code  String   projection     MediaStore MediaColumns DATA  MediaStore MediaColumns MIME TYPE      4-if you have URL then use this code    public static String getMimeType String url    String type   null  String extension   MimeTypeMap getFileExtensionFromUrl url   if  extension    null         type   MimeTypeMap getSingleton   getMimeTypeFromExtension extension          return type      enjoy your code

User · Answer

get file object     File file   new File filePath    then    pass as a parameter to     getMimeType file       here is    public String getMimeType File file            String mimetype   MimeTypeMap getSingleton   getMimeTypeFromExtension MimeTypeMap getFileExtensionFromUrl Uri fromFile file  toString    toLowerCase             if  mimetype    null                return                          return mimetype    return the mimeType

User · Answer

I don t realize why MimeTypeMap getFileExtensionFromUrl   has problems with spaces and some other characters  that returns     but I just wrote this method to change the file name to an admit-able one  It s just playing with Strings  However  It kind of works  Through the method  the spaces existing in the file name is turned into a desirable character  which  here  is  x   via replaceAll       x   and other unsuitable characters are turned into a suitable one via URLEncoder  so the usage  according to the codes presented in the question and the selected answer  should be something like getMimeType reviseUrl url     private String reviseUrl String url             String revisedUrl               int fileNameBeginning   url lastIndexOf               int fileNameEnding   url lastIndexOf                String cutFileNameFromUrl   url substring fileNameBeginning   1  fileNameEnding  replaceAll       x             revisedUrl   url                  substring 0  fileNameBeginning   1                    java net URLEncoder encode cutFileNameFromUrl                    url substring fileNameEnding  url length              return revisedUrl

User · Answer

I faced similar problem  So far I know result may different for different names  so finally came to this solution   public String getMimeType String filePath        String type   null      String extension   null      int i   filePath lastIndexOf           if  i  gt  0          extension   filePath substring i 1       if  extension    null          type   MimeTypeMap getSingleton   getMimeTypeFromExtension extension       return type

User · Answer

MimeTypeMap may not recognize some file extensions like flv mpeg 3gpp cpp  So you need to think how to expand the MimeTypeMap for maintaining your code  Here is such an example    http   grepcode com file repo1 maven org maven2 com google okhttp okhttp 20120626 libcore net MimeUtils java MimeUtils  Plus  here is a complete list of mime types http    www sitepoint com web-foundations mime-types-complete-list

User · Answer

public static String getFileType Uri file        try               if  file getScheme   equals ContentResolver SCHEME CONTENT               return subStringFromLastMark SystemMaster getContentResolver   getType file                 else             return MimeTypeMap getFileExtensionFromUrl file toString    toLowerCase              catch Exception e                return null           public static String getMimeType Uri file        try               return MimeTypeMap getSingleton   getMimeTypeFromExtension getFileType file              catch Exception e                return null           public static String subStringFromLastMark String str String mark        int l   str lastIndexOf mark       int end   str length        if l    -1          return str       return str substring l   1  end

User · Answer

I consider the easiest way is to refer to this Resource file  https   android googlesource com platform libcore   master luni src main java libcore net android mime types

User · Answer

Intent myIntent   new Intent android content Intent ACTION VIEW                           File file   new File filePatch                            Uri uris   Uri fromFile file                           String mimetype   null                          if   uris getScheme   equals ContentResolver SCHEME CONTENT                                 ContentResolver cr    getApplicationContext   getContentResolver                                mimetype   cr getType uris                             else                               String fileExtension    MimeTypeMap getFileExtensionFromUrl uris toString     mimetype    MimeTypeMap getSingleton   getMimeTypeFromExtension fileExtension toLowerCase

User · Answer

The above solution returned null in case of  rar file  using URLConnection guessContentTypeFromName url  worked in this case

User · Answer

While from asset file Note that few cases missing from the MimeTypeMap     private String getMimeType String path        if  null    path  return             String extension   path      int lastDot   extension lastIndexOf           if  lastDot    -1            extension   extension substring lastDot   1                 Convert the URI string to lower case to ensure compatibility with MimeTypeMap  see CB-2185       extension   extension toLowerCase Locale getDefault         if  extension equals  3ga              return  audio 3gpp         else if  extension equals  js              return  text javascript         else if  extension equals  woff              return  application x-font-woff         else              TODO            anyting missing from the map  http   www sitepoint com web-foundations mime-types-complete-list              reference  http   grepcode com file repo1 maven org maven2 com google okhttp okhttp 20120626 libcore net MimeUtils java MimeUtils            return MimeTypeMap getSingleton   getMimeTypeFromExtension extension          While use ContentResolver   contentResolver getType uri       While http https request       try           HttpURLConnection conn   httpClient open new URL uri toString              conn setDoInput false           conn setRequestMethod  HEAD            return conn getHeaderField  Content-Type          catch  IOException e

User · Answer

This will return the mimeType      for eg  xyz png it will return image png      here uri is the file that we were picked using intent from ext internal storage  private String getMimeType Uri uri          This class provides applications access to the content model       ContentResolver contentResolver   getContentResolver           getType Uri url -Return the MIME type of the given content URL      return contentResolver getType uri

User · Answer

Here is the solution which I used in my Android app   public static String getMimeType String url                String extension   url substring url lastIndexOf                String mimeTypeMap   MimeTypeMap getFileExtensionFromUrl extension           String mimeType   MimeTypeMap getSingleton   getMimeTypeFromExtension mimeTypeMap           return mimeType

User · Answer

For Xamarin Android  From  HoaLe s answer above   public String getMimeType Uri uri        String mimeType   null      if  uri Scheme Equals ContentResolver SchemeContent                 ContentResolver cr   Application Context ContentResolver          mimeType   cr GetType uri             else               String fileExtension   MimeTypeMap GetFileExtensionFromUrl uri ToString             mimeType   MimeTypeMap Singleton GetMimeTypeFromExtension          fileExtension ToLower               return mimeType

[android] How to determine MIME type of file in android?

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