Row was updated or deleted by another transaction or unsaved-value mapping was incorrect

Question

I have a java project that runs on a webserver  I always hit this exception  I read some documentation and found that pessimistic locking  or optimistic  but I read that pessimistic is better  is the best way to prevent this exception  But I couldn t find any clear example that explains how to use it  My method is like       Transactional     public void test Email email  String subject            getEmailById String id           email setSubject subject           updateEmail email          while   Email is a Hibernate class  it will be a table in the database  getEmailById String id  is a function that returns an email  this method is not annotated with  Transactional  updateEmail email   is a method that updates the email   Note  I use Hibernate for save  update  amp  so on  example  session getcurrentSession save email   The exception  ERROR 2011-12-21 15 29 24 910 Could not synchronize database state with session  myScheduler-1  org hibernate StaleObjectStateException  Row was updated or deleted by another transaction  or unsaved-value mapping was incorrect    email 21      at org hibernate persister entity AbstractEntityPersister check AbstractEntityPersister java 1792      at org hibernate persister entity AbstractEntityPersister update AbstractEntityPersister java 2435      at org hibernate persister entity AbstractEntityPersister updateOrInsert AbstractEntityPersister java 2335      at org hibernate persister entity AbstractEntityPersister update AbstractEntityPersister java 2635      at org hibernate action EntityUpdateAction execute EntityUpdateAction java 115      at org hibernate engine ActionQueue execute ActionQueue java 279      at org hibernate engine ActionQueue executeActions ActionQueue java 263      at org hibernate engine ActionQueue executeActions ActionQueue java 168      at org hibernate event def AbstractFlushingEventListener performExecutions AbstractFlushingEventListener java 321      at org hibernate event def DefaultFlushEventListener onFlush DefaultFlushEventListener java 50      at org hibernate impl SessionImpl flush SessionImpl java 1027      at org hibernate impl SessionImpl managedFlush SessionImpl java 365      at org hibernate transaction JDBCTransaction commit JDBCTransaction java 137      at org springframework orm hibernate3 HibernateTransactionManager doCommit HibernateTransactionManager java 656      at org springframework transaction support AbstractPlatformTransactionManager processCommit AbstractPlatformTransactionManager java 754      at org springframework transaction support AbstractPlatformTransactionManager commit AbstractPlatformTransactionManager java 723      at org springframework transaction interceptor TransactionAspectSupport commitTransactionAfterReturning TransactionAspectSupport java 393      at org springframework transaction interceptor TransactionInterceptor invoke TransactionInterceptor java 120      at org springframework aop framework ReflectiveMethodInvocation proceed ReflectiveMethodInvocation java 172      at org springframework aop framework JdkDynamicAopProxy invoke JdkDynamicAopProxy java 202      at  Proxy130 generateEmail Unknown Source      at com admtel appserver tasks EmailSender run EmailNotificationSender java 33      at com admtel appserver tasks EmailSender  FastClassByCGLIB  ea0d4fc2 invoke  lt generated gt       at net sf cglib proxy MethodProxy invoke MethodProxy java 149      at org springframework aop framework Cglib2AopProxy CglibMethodInvocation invokeJoinpoint Cglib2AopProxy java 688      at org springframework aop framework ReflectiveMethodInvocation proceed ReflectiveMethodInvocation java 150      at org springframework aop aspectj AspectJAfterThrowingAdvice invoke AspectJAfterThrowingAdvice java 55      at org springframework aop framework ReflectiveMethodInvocation proceed ReflectiveMethodInvocation java 161      at org springframework aop framework adapter AfterReturningAdviceInterceptor invoke AfterReturningAdviceInterceptor java 50      at org springframework aop framework ReflectiveMethodInvocation proceed ReflectiveMethodInvocation java 161      at org springframework aop framework adapter MethodBeforeAdviceInterceptor invoke MethodBeforeAdviceInterceptor java 50      at org springframework aop framework ReflectiveMethodInvocation proceed ReflectiveMethodInvocation java 161      at org springframework aop interceptor ExposeInvocationInterceptor invoke ExposeInvocationInterceptor java 89      at org springframework aop framework ReflectiveMethodInvocation proceed ReflectiveMethodInvocation java 172      at org springframework aop framework Cglib2AopProxy DynamicAdvisedInterceptor intercept Cglib2AopProxy java 621      at com admtel appserver tasks EmailNotificationSender  EnhancerByCGLIB  33eb7303 run  lt generated gt       at sun reflect NativeMethodAccessorImpl invoke0 Native Method      at sun reflect NativeMethodAccessorImpl invoke NativeMethodAccessorImpl java 39      at sun reflect DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl invoke DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl java 25      at java lang reflect Method invoke Method java 597      at org springframework util MethodInvoker invoke MethodInvoker java 273      at org springframework scheduling support MethodInvokingRunnable run MethodInvokingRunnable java 65      at org springframework scheduling support DelegatingErrorHandlingRunnable run DelegatingErrorHandlingRunnable java 51      at java util concurrent Executors RunnableAdapter call Executors java 441      at java util concurrent FutureTask Sync innerRunAndReset FutureTask java 317      at java util concurrent FutureTask runAndReset FutureTask java 150      at java util concurrent ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor ScheduledFutureTask access 101 ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor java 98      at java util concurrent ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor ScheduledFutureTask runPeriodic ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor java 180      at java util concurrent ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor ScheduledFutureTask run ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor java 204      at java util concurrent ThreadPoolExecutor Worker runTask ThreadPoolExecutor java 886      at java util concurrent ThreadPoolExecutor Worker run ThreadPoolExecutor java 908      at java lang Thread run Thread java 680  ERROR 2011-12-21 15 29 24 915   exception thrown  lt  EmailNotificationSender run    gt  exception message Object of class  Email  with identifier  211   optimistic locking failed  nested exception is org hibernate StaleObjectStateException  Row was updated or deleted by another transaction  or unsaved-value mapping was incorrect    Email 21  with params    myScheduler-1  org springframework orm hibernate3 HibernateOptimisticLockingFailureException  Object of class  Email  with identifier  21   optimistic locking failed  nested exception is

User · Accepted Answer

Pessimistic locking is generally not recommended and it's very costly in terms of performance on database side. The problem that you have mentioned (the code part) a few things are not clear such as:

If your code is being accessed by multiple threads at the same time.
How are you creating session object (not sure if you are using Spring)?

Hibernate Session objects are NOT thread-safe. So if there are multiple threads accessing the same session and trying to update the same database entity, your code can potentially end up in an error situation like this.

So what happens here is that more than one thread tries to update the same entity, one thread succeeds and when the next thread goes to commit the data, it sees that its already been modified and ends up throwing StaleObjectStateException.

EDIT:

There is a way to use Pessimistic Locking in Hibernate. Check out this link. But there seems to be some issue with this mechanism. I came across posting a bug in hibernate (HHH-5275), however. The scenario mentioned in the bug is as follows:

Two threads are reading the same database record; one of those threads should use pessimistic locking thereby blocking the other thread. But both threads can read the database record causing the test to fail.

This is very close to what you are facing. Please try this if this does not work, the only way I can think of is using Native SQL queries where you can achieve pessimistic locking in postgres database with SELECT FOR UPDATE query.

User · Answer

I had the same problem and in my case the problem was missing and or incorrect equals implementation on some types of fields in the entity object  At commit time  Hibernate checks ALL entities loaded in the session to check if they are dirty  If any of the entities are dirty  hibernate tries to persist them - no matter of the fact that the actual object that is requested a save operation is not related to the other entities    Entity dirtiness is done by comparing every property of given object  with their equals methods  or UserType equals if property has an associated org Hibernate UserType   Another thing that surprised me was  in my transaction  using Spring annotation  Transactional   I was dealing with a single entity  Hibernate was complaining about some random entity that s unrelated to that entity being saved  What I realized is there is an outermost transaction we create at REST controller level  so the scope of the session is too big and hence all objects ever loaded as part of request processing get checked for dirtiness   Hope this helps someone  some day   Thanks Rags

User · Answer

In order to prevent StaleObjectStateException  in your hbm file write below code    lt timestamp name  lstUpdTstamp  column  LST UPD TSTAMP  source  db   gt

User · Answer

This error occurred for me when I was trying to update the same row from 2 different sessions  I updated a field in one browser while a second was open and had already stored the original object in its session  When I attempted to update from this second  stale  session I get the stale object error  In order to correct this I refetch my object to be updated from the database before I set the value to be updated  then save it as normal

User · Answer

check if the object exists or not in DB  if it exists get the object and refresh it   if  getEntityManager   contains instance         getEntityManager   refresh instance       return instance      if it fails the above if condition    find the Object with Id in DB  do the operation which you need  in this case exactly changes will reflects   if                else if  null    identity            E dbInstance    E  getEntityManager   find instance getClass    identity           return dbInstance

User · Answer

This exception is probably caused by optimistic locking  or by a bug in your code   You re probably using it without knowing  And your pseudo-code  which should be replaced by real code to be able to diagnose the problem  is wrong  Hibernate saves all the modifications done to attached entities automatically  You shouldn t ever call update  merge or saveOrUpdate on an attached entity  Just do  Email email   session get emailId   email setSubject subject     No need to call update  Hibernate will flush the changes automatically before committing the transaction

User · Answer

Don t set an Id to the object you are saving as the Id will be autogenerated

User · Answer

I had the this problem on my project    After I implemented optimistic locking  I got the same exception   My mistake was that I did not remove the setter of the field that became the  Version  As the setter was being called in java space  the value of the field did not match the one generated by the DB anymore  So basically the version fields did not match anymore  At that point any modification on the entity resulted in      org hibernate StaleObjectStateException  Row was updated or deleted by   another transaction  or unsaved-value mapping was incorrect    I am using H2 in memory DB and Hibernate

User · Answer

I also ran into this error when attempting to update an existing row after creating a new one  and spent ages scratching my head  digging through transaction and version logic  until I realised that I had used the wrong type for one of my primary key columns   I used LocalDate when I should have been using LocalDateTime      I think this was causing hibernate to not be able to distinguish entities  leading to this error   After changing the key to be a LocalDateTime  the error went away  Also  updating individual rows began to work as well     previously it would fail to find a row for updating  and testing this separate issue was actually what led me to my conclusions regarding the primary key mapping

User · Answer

First check your imports  when you use session  transaction it should be org hibernate and remove  Transactinal annotation  and most important in Entity class if you have used  GeneratedValue strategy GenerationType AUTO  or any other then at the time of model object creation entity object creation should not create id  final conclusion is if you want pass id filed i e PK then remove  GeneratedValue from entity class

User · Answer

Just in case someone checked this thread and had the same issue as mine        Row was updated or deleted by another transaction  or unsaved-value mapping was incorrect    I m using NHibernate  I receive same error  during creating an object     I was passing the key manually  and also specified a GUID generator in mapping   so hibernate generate same exact error for me   so once I removed the GUID  and left the field empty  everything went just fine   this answer may not help you  but will help someone like me  who just your thread becasue of same error

User · Answer

I was also receiving such an exception  but the problem was in my Entity identifier  I am using UUID and there are some problems in the way Spring works with them  So I just added this line to my entity identifier and it began working   Column columnDefinition    quot BINARY 16  quot   Here you can find a little bit more information

User · Answer

I had this problem in one of my apps  now  I know this is an old thread but here is my solution  I figured out by looking at the data inside the debugger that JVM actually didn t load it properly when Hibernate was trying to update the database  that is actually done in a different thread   so I added the keyword  volatile  to every field of the entities  It has some performance issues to do that but rather that than Heavy objects beeing thrown around

User · Answer

I had problems with the same error on more than one Spring project  For me a general solution was  to split my service Method  that each INSERT  UPDATE and DELETE action got an own Method with  Transactional  I think this problem relates to the internal Spring managment  where database interactions are executed at the end of the method and  in my oppinion  this is the point  where the Exception is triggered

User · Answer

I know this is an old question  but some of us are still hitting it and look at the sky wondering how  Here is one kind of issue that I faced  We have a queue manager that polls data and gives it to handlers for processing    To avoid picking up the same events again  the queue manager locks the record in the database with a LOCKED state      void poll             record   dao getLockedEntity            queue record          this method wasn t transactional but dao getLockedEntity   was transactional with REQUIRED  All good and on the road  after few months in production  it failed with an optimistic locking exception  After lots of debugging and checking in details we could find out that some one has changed the code like this       Transactional propagation Propagation REQUIRED  readOnly false      void poll             record   dao getLockedEntity            queue record                        So the record was queued even before the transaction in dao getLockedEntity   gets committed  it uses the same transaction of poll method  and the object was changed underneath by the handlers  different threads  by the time the poll   method transaction gets committed  We fixed the issue and it looks good now  I thought of sharing it because optimistic lock exceptions can be confusing and are difficult to debug  Someone might get benefited from my experience  Regards  Lyju

User · Answer

I had the experienced the same issue in different context of my project and there are different scenarios like   - object is accessed from various source like  server side and client   - without any interval accessing the same object from a different place   In the first case  When I issue a server cal  before save the that object their one call from js and trying to save and another place  I got like  js call is going two  three times I thing that call binding thing cause the issue   I solved by   e preventDefault     The second case    object lock

User · Answer

I had the same problem in my grails project  The Bug was  that i overwrite the getter method of a collection field  This returned always a new version of the collection in other thread   class Entity       List collection      List getCollection             return collection unique             The solution was to rename the getter method   class Entity       List collection      List getUniqueCollection             return collection unique

User · Answer

It doesn t appear that you are actually using the email that you retrieve from the database  but an older copy that you get as a parameter  Whatever is being used for version control on the row has changed between when the previous version was retrieved and when you are doing the update  You probably want your code to look more like       Transactional     public void test String id  String subject           Email email   getEmailById id          email setSubject subject          updateEmail email

[java] Row was updated or deleted by another transaction (or unsaved-value mapping was incorrect)

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