[laravel] How to select specific columns in laravel eloquent

lets say I have 7 columns in table, and I want to select only two of them, something like this

SELECT `name`,`surname` FROM `table` WHERE `id` = '1';

In laravel eloquent model it may looks like this

Table::where('id', 1)->get();

but I guess this expression will select ALL columns where id equals 1, and I want only two columns(name, surname). how to select only two columns?

ModelName::find($id, ['name', 'surname']);

From laravel 5.3 only using get() method you can get specific columns of your table:

YouModelName::get(['id', 'name']);

Or from laravel 5.4 you can also use all() method for getting the fields of your choice:

YourModelName::all('id', 'name');

with both of above method get() or all() you can also use where() but syntax is different for both:

Model::all()

YourModelName::all('id', 'name')->where('id',1);

Model::get()

YourModelName::where('id',1)->get(['id', 'name']);

You can use the below query:

Table('table')->select('name','surname')->where('id',1)->get();

Get value of one column:

Table_Name::find($id)->column_name;

you can use this method with where clause:

Table_Name::where('id',$id)->first()->column_name;

or use this method for bypass PhpStorm "Method where not found in App\Models":

Table_Name::query()->where('id','=',$id)->first()->column_name;

in query builder:

DB::table('table_names')->find($id)->column_name;

with where cluase:

DB::table('table_names')->where('id',$id)->first()->column_name;

or

DB::table('table_names')->where('id',$id)->first('column_name');

last method result is array

->get() much like ->all() (and ->first() etc..) can take the fields you want to bring back as parameters;

->get/all(['column1','column2'])

Would bring back the collection but only with column1 and column2

To get the result of specific column from table,we have to specify the column name.

Use following code : -

   $result = DB::Table('table_name')->select('column1','column2')->where('id',1)->get();  

for example -

$result = DB::Table('Student')->select('subject','class')->where('id',1)->get();  

you can also used findOrFail() method here it's good to used

if the exception is not caught, a 404 HTTP response is automatically sent back to the user. It is not necessary to write explicit checks to return 404 responses when using these method not give a 500 error..

ModelName::findOrFail($id, ['firstName', 'lastName']);

While most common approach is to use Model::select, it can cause rendering out all attributes defined with accessor methods within model classes. So if you define attribute in your model:

<?php

namespace App;

use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;

class User extends Model
{
    /**
     * Get the user's first name.
     *
     * @param  string  $value
     * @return string
     */
    public function getFirstNameAttribute($value)
    {
        return ucfirst($value);
    }
}

And then use: TableName::select('username')->where('id', 1)->get();

It will output collection with both first_name and username, rather than only username.

Better use pluck(), solo or optionally in combination with select - if you want specific columns.

TableName::select('username')->where('id', 1)->pluck('username');

or

TableName::where('id', 1)->pluck('username'); //that would return collection consisting of only username values

Also, optionally, use ->toArray() to convert collection object into array.

You can use Table::select ('name', 'surname')->where ('id', 1)->get ().

Keep in mind that when selecting for only certain fields, you will have to make another query if you end up accessing those other fields later in the request (that may be obvious, just wanted to include that caveat). Including the id field is usually a good idea so laravel knows how to write back any updates you do to the model instance.

You first need to create a Model, that represent that Table and then use the below Eloquent way to fetch the data of only 2 fields.

Model::where('id', 1)
         ->pluck('name', 'surname')
         ->all();

You can also use find() like this:

ModelName::find($id, ['name', 'surname']);

The $id variable can be an array in case you need to retrieve multiple instances of the model.

If you want to get a single value from Database

    Model::where('id', 1)->value('name')

Also you can use pluck.

Model::where('id',1)->pluck('column1', 'column2');

You can use get() as well as all()

ModelName::where('a', 1)->get(['column1','column2']);

If you want to get single row and from the that row single column, one line code to get the value of the specific column is to use find() method alongside specifying of the column that you want to retrieve it.

Here is sample code:

ModelName::find($id_of_the_record, ['column_name'])->toArray()['column_name'];

By using all() method we can select particular columns from table like as shown below.

ModelName::all('column1', 'column2', 'column3');

Note: Laravel 5.4

Table::where('id', 1)->get(['name','surname']);

use App\Table;
// ...
Table::where('id',1)->get('name','surname');

if no where

Table::all('name','surname');

Also Model::all(['id'])->toArray() it will only fetch id as array.