Difference between Node object and Element object

Question

I am totally confused between Node object and Element object  document getElementById   returns Element object while document getElementsByClassName   returns NodeList object Collection of Elements or Nodes    If a div is an Element Object then what about div Node object   What is a Node Object   Are document object  Element object and Text Object are also Node object   As per David Flanagan s book  The Document object  Its Element Objects and text objects are all Node objects    So How come an object can inherit properties methods of Element object as well as Node object   If yes  I guess Node Class and Element Class are related in prototypal tree of inheritance     lt div id  test  gt              lt p class  para  gt  123  lt  p gt              lt p class  para  gt  abc  lt  p gt    lt  div gt    lt p id  id para  gt  next  lt  p gt   document documentElement toString           object HTMLHtmlElement   var div   document getElementById  test    div toString                                object HTMLDivElement                          var p1   document getElementById  id para    p1 toString                                 object HTMLParagraphElement   var p2   document getElementsByClassName  para    p2 toString                                object HTMLCollection

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Node   http   www w3schools com js js htmldom nodes asp  The Node object represents a single node in the document tree  A node can be an element node  an attribute node  a text node  or any other of the node types explained in the Node Types chapter   Element   http   www w3schools com js js htmldom elements asp  The Element object represents an element in an XML document  Elements may contain attributes  other elements  or text  If an element contains text  the text is represented in a text-node   duplicate      What  39 s the difference between an element and a node in XML  Why are Nodes and Elements different in XML  What was the rationale

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Element inherits from Node  in the same way that Dog inherits from Animal  An Element object  quot is-a quot  Node object  in the same way that a Dog object  quot is-a quot  Animal object  Node is for implementing a tree structure  so its methods are for firstChild  lastChild  childNodes  etc   It is more of a class for a generic tree structure  And then  some Node objects are also Element objects   Element inherits from Node   Element objects actually represents the objects as specified in the HTML file by the tags such as  lt div id  quot content quot  gt  lt  div gt    The Element class define properties and methods such as attributes  id  innerHTML  clientWidth  blur    and focus    Some Node objects are text nodes and they are not Element objects   Each Node object has a nodeType property that indicates what type of node it is  for HTML documents  1  Element node 3  Text node 8  Comment node 9  the top level node  which is document  We can see some examples in the console   gt  document instanceof Node   true   gt  document instanceof Element   false   gt  document firstChild    lt html gt     lt  html gt    gt  document firstChild instanceof Node   true   gt  document firstChild instanceof Element   true   gt  document firstChild firstChild nextElementSibling    lt body gt     lt  body gt    gt  document firstChild firstChild nextElementSibling     document body   true   gt  document firstChild firstChild nextSibling    text   gt  document firstChild firstChild nextSibling instanceof Node   true   gt  document firstChild firstChild nextSibling instanceof Element   false   gt  Element prototype   proto       Node prototype   true  The last line above shows that Element inherits from Node   that line won t work in IE due to   proto     Will need to use Chrome  Firefox  or Safari   By the way  the document object is the top of the node tree  and document is a Document object  and Document inherits from Node as well   gt  Document prototype   proto       Node prototype   true  Here are some docs for the Node and Element classes  https   developer mozilla org en-US docs DOM Node https   developer mozilla org en-US docs DOM Element

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Node is used to represent tags in general  Divided to 3 types    Attribute Note  is node which inside its has attributes   Exp   lt p id    123    gt  lt  p gt   Text Node  is node which between the opening and closing its have contian text content  Exp   lt p gt Hello lt  p gt   Element Node   is node which inside its has other tags  Exp   lt p gt  lt b gt  lt  b gt  lt  p gt   Each node may be types simultaneously  not necessarily only of a single type   Element is simply a element node

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A node is the generic name for any type of object in the DOM hierarchy   A node could be one of the built-in DOM elements such as document or document body  it could be an HTML tag specified in the HTML such as  lt input gt  or  lt p gt  or it could be a text node that is created by the system to hold a block of text inside another element   So  in a nutshell  a node is any DOM object  An element is one specific type of node as there are many other types of nodes  text nodes  comment nodes  document nodes  etc      The DOM consists of a hierarchy of nodes where each node can have a parent  a list of child nodes and a nextSibling and previousSibling   That structure forms a tree-like hierarchy   The document node has the html node as its child  The html node has its list of child nodes  the head node and the body node    The body node would have its list of child nodes  the top level elements in your HTML page  and so on  So  a nodeList is simply an array-like list of nodes  An element is a specific type of node  one that can be directly specified in the HTML with an HTML tag and can have properties like an id or a class  can have children  etc     There are other types of nodes such as comment nodes  text nodes  etc    with different characteristics   Each node has a property  nodeType which reports what type of node it is   You can see the various types of nodes here  diagram from MDN    You can see an ELEMENT NODE is one particular type of node where the nodeType property has a value of 1  So document getElementById  quot test quot   can only return one node and it s guaranteed to be an element  a specific type of node    Because of that it just returns the element rather than a list  Since document getElementsByClassName  quot para quot   can return more than one object  the designers chose to return a nodeList because that s the data type they created for a list of more than one node   Since these can only be elements  only elements typically have a class name   it s technically a nodeList that only has nodes of type element in it and the designers could have made a differently named collection that was an elementList  but they chose to use just one type of collection whether it had only elements in it or not   EDIT   HTML5 defines an HTMLCollection which is a list of HTML Elements  not any node  only Elements    A number of properties or methods in HTML5 now return an HTMLCollection   While it is very similar in interface to a nodeList  a distinction is now made in that it only contains Elements  not any type of node  The distinction between a nodeList and an HTMLCollection has little impact on how you use one  as far as I can tell   but the designers of HTML5 have now made that distinction  For example  the element children property returns a live HTMLCollection

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Best source of information for all of your DOM woes  http   www w3 org TR dom  nodes   Objects implementing the Document  DocumentFragment  DocumentType  Element  Text  ProcessingInstruction  or Comment interface  simply called nodes  participate in a tree    http   www w3 org TR dom  element   Element nodes are simply known as elements

[javascript] Difference between Node object and Element object?

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