How to set environment variable or system property in spring tests

Question

I d like to write some tests that check the XML Spring configuration of a deployed WAR  Unfortunately some beans require that some environment variables or system properties are set  How can I set an environment variable before the spring beans are initialized when using the convenient test style with  ContextConfiguration    RunWith SpringJUnit4ClassRunner class   ContextConfiguration locations    classpath whereever context xml   public class TestWarSpringContext           If I configure the application context with annotations  I don t see a hook where I can do something before the spring context is initialized

User · Accepted Answer

You can initialize the System property in a static initializer:

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(locations = "classpath:whereever/context.xml")
public class TestWarSpringContext {

    static {
        System.setProperty("myproperty", "foo");
    }

}

The static initializer code will be executed before the spring application context is initialized.

User · Answer

If you want your variables to be valid for all tests  you can have an application properties file in your test resources directory  by default  src test resources  which will look something like this   MYPROPERTY foo   This will then be loaded and used unless you have definitions via  TestPropertySource or a similar method - the exact order in which properties are loaded can be found in the Spring documentation chapter 24  Externalized Configuration

User · Answer

The right way to do this  starting with Spring 4 1  is to use a  TestPropertySource annotation    RunWith SpringJUnit4ClassRunner class   ContextConfiguration locations    classpath whereever context xml    TestPropertySource properties     myproperty   foo    public class TestWarSpringContext                   See  TestPropertySource in the Spring docs and Javadocs

User · Answer

For Unit Tests  the System variable is not instantiated yet when I do  mvn clean install  because there is no server running the application  So in order to set the System properties  I need to do it in pom xml  Like so     lt plugin gt       lt groupId gt org apache maven plugins lt  groupId gt       lt artifactId gt maven-surefire-plugin lt  artifactId gt       lt version gt 2 21 0 lt  version gt       lt configuration gt           lt systemPropertyVariables gt               lt propertyName gt propertyValue lt  propertyName gt               lt MY ENV VAR gt newValue lt  MY ENV VAR gt               lt ENV TARGET gt olqa lt  ENV TARGET gt               lt buildDirectory gt   project build directory  lt  buildDirectory gt           lt  systemPropertyVariables gt       lt  configuration gt   lt  plugin gt

User · Answer

All of the answers here currently only talk about the system properties which are different from the environment variables that are more complex to set  esp  for tests  Thankfully  below class can be used for that and the class docs has good examples  EnvironmentVariables html  A quick example from the docs  modified to work with  SpringBootTest    SpringBootTest public class EnvironmentVariablesTest       ClassRule    public final EnvironmentVariables environmentVariables   new EnvironmentVariables   set  name    value         Test    public void test          assertEquals  value   System getenv  name

User · Answer

You can set the System properties as VM arguments   If your project is a maven project then you can execute following command while running the test class   mvn test -Dapp url  https   stackoverflow com    Test class   public class AppTest     Test public void testUrl         System out println System getProperty  app url               If you want to run individual test class or method in eclipse then    1  Go to Run -  Run Configuration  2  On left side select your Test class under the Junit section   3  do the following

User · Answer

One can also use a test ApplicationContextInitializer to initialize a system property   public class TestApplicationContextInitializer implements ApplicationContextInitializer lt ConfigurableApplicationContext gt         Override     public void initialize ConfigurableApplicationContext applicationContext                System setProperty  myproperty    value              and then configure it on the test class in addition to the Spring context config file locations    ContextConfiguration initializers   TestApplicationContextInitializer class  locations    classpath whereever context xml         RunWith SpringJUnit4ClassRunner class  public class SomeTest           This way code duplication can be avoided if a certain system property should be set for all the unit tests

[java] How to set environment variable or system property in spring tests?

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