Injection of autowired dependencies failed nested exception is org springframework beans factory BeanCreationException

Question

I am creating web application using Spring  Hibernate  Struts  and Maven    I get the below error when I run mvn clean install command   org springframework beans factory BeanCreationException  Error creating bean with name  com project action PasswordHintActionTest   Injection of autowired dependencies failed  nested exception is org springframework beans factory BeanCreationException  Could not autowire field  private com project action PasswordHintAction com project action PasswordHintActionTest action  nested exception is org springframework beans factory NoSuchBeanDefinitionException  No matching bean of type  com project action PasswordHintAction  found for dependency  expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate for this dependency  Dependency annotations    org springframework beans factory annotation Autowired required true     The following is the class that has the Autowired dependency    import com opensymphony xwork2 Action  import org project model User  import org proejct service UserManager  import org junit Test  import org springframework beans factory annotation Autowired  import org subethamail wiser Wiser   import static org junit Assert    public class PasswordHintActionTest extends BaseActionTestCase        Autowired     private PasswordHintAction action       Autowired     private UserManager userManager        Test     public void testExecute   throws Exception              start SMTP Server         Wiser wiser   new Wiser            wiser setPort getSmtpPort             wiser start             action setUsername  user            assertEquals  success   action execute             assertFalse action hasActionErrors                 verify an account information e-mail was sent         wiser stop            assertTrue wiser getMessages   size      1               verify that success messages are in the request         assertNotNull action getSession   getAttribute  messages                 My applicationcontext xml   lt  xml version  1 0  encoding  UTF-8   gt   lt beans xmlns  http   www springframework org schema beans  xmlns xsi  http   www w3 org 2001 XMLSchema-instance         xmlns context  http   www springframework org schema context         xsi schemaLocation  http   www springframework org schema beans http   www springframework org schema beans spring-beans-3 0 xsd        http   www springframework org schema context http   www springframework org schema context spring-context xsd         default-lazy-init  true  gt        lt  -- Activates scanning of  Autowired -- gt       lt context annotation-config  gt        lt  -- Activates scanning of  Repository and  Service -- gt       lt context component-scan base-package  com project   gt        lt  -- Compass Search Section -- gt       lt  -- Compass Bean  automatically scanning for searchable classes within the model -- gt       lt  -- Hooks into Spring transaction management and stores the index on the file system -- gt       lt bean id  compass  class  org compass spring LocalCompassBean  gt           lt property name  mappingScan  value  org project   gt           lt property name  postProcessor  ref  compassPostProcessor   gt           lt property name  transactionManager  ref  transactionManager    gt           lt property name  settings  gt               lt map gt                   lt entry key  compass engine connection  value  target test-index    gt               lt  map gt           lt  property gt       lt  bean gt    I have added  to my context configuration to scan Autowired dependencies  But I am not sure why it is still giving this exception   I tried adding it in following way also but I still get the same exception   lt context component-scan base-package  com project     gt    UPDATE    following is the password hint action  import org project model User  import com project webapp util RequestUtil  import org springframework mail MailException  import org springframework security core userdetails UsernameNotFoundException   import java util ArrayList  import java util List    public class PasswordHintAction extends BaseAction       private static final long serialVersionUID   -4037514607101222025L      private String username                   param username The username to set              public void setUsername String username            this username   username                        Execute sending the password hint via e-mail                 return success if username works  input if not             public String execute             List lt Object gt  args   new ArrayList lt Object gt                 ensure that the username has been sent         if  username    null                log warn  Username not specified  notifying user that it s a required field                  args add getText  user username                 addActionError getText  errors requiredField   args                return INPUT                     if  log isDebugEnabled                  log debug  Processing Password Hint                             look up the user s information         try               User user   userManager getUserByUsername username               String hint   user getPasswordHint                 if  hint    null    hint trim   equals                        log warn  User      username      found  but no password hint exists                     addActionError getText  login passwordHint missing                     return INPUT                             StringBuffer msg   new StringBuffer                msg append  Your password hint is     append hint               msg append   n nLogin at     append RequestUtil getAppURL getRequest                   mailMessage setTo user getEmail                 String subject         getText  webapp name            getText  user passwordHint                mailMessage setSubject subject               mailMessage setText msg toString                 mailEngine send mailMessage                args add username               args add user getEmail                  saveMessage getText  login passwordHint sent   args              catch  UsernameNotFoundException e                log warn e getMessage                 args add username               addActionError getText  login passwordHint error   args                getSession   setAttribute  errors   getActionErrors                 return INPUT            catch  MailException me                addActionError me getCause   getLocalizedMessage                 getSession   setAttribute  errors   getActionErrors                 return INPUT                     return SUCCESS            Update 2   applicationContext-struts xml    lt bean id  passwordHintAction  class  com project action PasswordHintAction  scope  prototype  gt       lt property name  userManager  ref  userManager   gt       lt property name  mailEngine  ref  mailEngine   gt       lt property name  mailMessage  ref  mailMessage   gt   lt  bean gt

User · Answer

You need to provide a candidate for autowire. That means that an instance of PasswordHint must be known to spring in a way that it can guess that it must reference it.

Please provide the class head of PasswordHint and/or the spring bean definition of that class for further assistance.

Try changing the name of

PasswordHintAction action;

to

PasswordHintAction passwordHintAction;

so that it matches the bean definition.

User · Answer

Add bean declaration in bean xml file or in any other configuration file   It will resolve the error  lt bean  class  quot com demo dao RailwayDao quot  gt  lt  bean gt   lt bean  class  quot com demo service RailwayService quot  gt  lt  bean gt   lt bean  class  quot com demo model RailwayReservation quot  gt  lt  bean gt

User · Answer

Use component scanning as given below  if com project action PasswordHintAction is annotated with stereotype annotations   lt context component-scan base-package  com project action   gt    EDIT  I see your problem  in PasswordHintActionTest you are autowiring PasswordHintAction  But you did not create bean configuration for PasswordHintAction to autowire  Add one of stereotype annotation  Component   Service   Controller  to PasswordHintAction like   Component public class PasswordHintAction extends BaseAction       private static final long serialVersionUID   -4037514607101222025L      private String username    or create xml configuration in applicationcontext xml like   lt bean id  passwordHintAction  class  com project action PasswordHintAction    gt

[java] Injection of autowired dependencies failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException:

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