I am running RHEL6, and I have exported an environment variable like this:
export DISPLAY=:0
That variable is lost when the terminal is closed. How do I permanently add this so that this variable value always exists with a particular user?
This question is related to
linux
environment-variables
redhat
You can add it to your shell configuration file, e.g. $HOME/.bashrc
or more globally in /etc/environment
.
After adding these lines the changes won't reflect instantly in GUI based system's you have to exit the terminal or create a new one and in server logout the session and login to reflect these changes.
A particular example:
I have Java 7 and Java 6 installed, I need to run some builds with 6, others with 7. Therefore I need to dynamically alter JAVA_HOME
so that maven picks up what I want for each build. I did the following:
j6.sh
script which simply does export JAVA_HOME=...
path to j6 install...j6.sh
in that respective command terminal. By default, my JAVA_HOME
is set to J7.Hope this helps.
You have to edit three files to set a permanent environment variable as follow:
When you open any terminal window this file will be run. Therefore, if you wish to have a permanent environment variable in all of your terminal windows you have to add the following line at the end of this file:
export DISPLAY=0
Same as bashrc you have to put the mentioned command line at the end of this file to have your environment variable in every login of your OS.
If you want your environment variable in every window or application (not just terminal window) you have to edit this file. Add the following command at the end of this file:
DISPLAY=0
Note that in this file you do not have to write export command
Normally you have to restart your computer to apply these changes. But you can apply changes in bashrc and profile by these commands:
$ source ~/.bashrc
$ source ~/.profile
But for /etc/environment you have no choice but restarting (as far as I know)
I've written a simple script for these procedures to do all those work. You just have to set the name and value of your environment variable.
#!/bin/bash
echo "Enter variable name: "
read variable_name
echo "Enter variable value: "
read variable_value
echo "adding " $variable_name " to environment variables: " $variable_value
echo "export "$variable_name"="$variable_value>>~/.bashrc
echo $variable_name"="$variable_value>>~/.profile
echo $variable_name"="$variable_value>>/etc/environment
source ~/.bashrc
source ~/.profile
echo "do you want to restart your computer to apply changes in /etc/environment file? yes(y)no(n)"
read restart
case $restart in
y) sudo shutdown -r 0;;
n) echo "don't forget to restart your computer manually";;
esac
exit
Save these lines in a shfile then make it executable and just run it!
add the line to your .bashrc
or .profile
. The variables set in $HOME/.profile
are active for the current user, the ones in /etc/profile
are global. The .bashrc
is pulled on each bash session start.
If it suits anyone, here are some brief guidelines for adding environment variables permanently.
vi ~/.bash_profile
Add the variables to the file:
export DISPLAY=:0
export JAVA_HOME=~/opt/openjdk11
Immediately apply all changes:
source ~/.bash_profile
On Ubuntu systems, use the following locations:
System-wide persistent variables in the format of JAVA_PATH=/usr/local/java
store in
/etc/environment
System-wide persistent variables that reference variables such as
export PATH="$JAVA_PATH:$PATH"
store in
/etc/.bashrc
User specific persistent variables in the format of PATH DEFAULT=/usr/bin:usr/local/bin
store in
~/.pam_environment
For more details on #2, check this Ask Ubuntu answer. NOTE: #3 is the Ubuntu recommendation but may have security concerns in the real world.
Source: Stackoverflow.com