Comma separated results in SQL

Question

I have the following code which will create a comma delimited list for my results   DECLARE  listStr VARCHAR MAX  SELECT  listStr   COALESCE  listStr             INSTITUTIONNAME FROM EDUCATION WHERE STUDENTNUMBER   111  SELECT  listStr   The problem is its creating one massive comma delimited line  I need it to return a comma separated list per row   So if Simon has been part of 2 institutions  then i expect    INSTITUTION1  INSTITUTION2    As i didnt supply a where clause i expect my results to show up like this for each row in the database

User · Accepted Answer

Use FOR XML PATH     - which is converting the entries to a  comma separated string   and  STUFF   -which is to trim the first comma- as follows Which gives you the same comma separated result  SELECT  STUFF  SELECT        INSTITUTIONNAME             FROM EDUCATION EE             WHERE  EE STUDENTNUMBER E STUDENTNUMBER             ORDER BY sortOrder         FOR XML PATH       1  1      AS listStr  FROM EDUCATION E GROUP BY E STUDENTNUMBER   Here is the FIDDLE

User · Answer

I just saw another question very similar to this   Here is the canonical NORTHWIND  spelled just slightly different for some reason  database example   SELECT   FROM  NORTHWND   dbo   Products      SELECT CategoryId             MAX  CASE seq WHEN 1 THEN ProductName ELSE    END                       MAX  CASE seq WHEN 2 THEN ProductName ELSE    END                       MAX  CASE seq WHEN 3 THEN ProductName ELSE    END                       MAX  CASE seq WHEN 4 THEN ProductName ELSE    END         FROM   SELECT p1 CategoryId  p1 ProductName                        SELECT COUNT                             FROM NORTHWND dbo Products p2                         WHERE p2 CategoryId   p1 CategoryId                         AND p2 ProductName  lt   p1 ProductName                FROM NORTHWND dbo Products p1   D   CategoryId  ProductName  seq        GROUP BY CategoryId

User · Answer

this works in sql server 2016  USE AdventureWorks GO DECLARE  listStr VARCHAR MAX  SELECT  listStr   COALESCE  listStr            Name FROM Production Product SELECT  listStr GO

User · Answer

For Sql Server 2017 and later you can use the new STRING AGG function  https   docs microsoft com en-us sql t-sql functions string-agg-transact-sql     The following example replaces null values with  N A  and returns the   names separated by commas in a single result cell   SELECT STRING AGG   ISNULL FirstName  N A         AS csv  FROM Person Person        Here is the result set   John N A Mike Peter N A N A Alice Bob    Perhaps a more common use case is to group together and then aggregate  just like you would with SUM  COUNT or AVG   SELECT a articleId  title  STRING AGG  tag       AS tags  FROM dbo Article AS a        LEFT JOIN dbo ArticleTag AS t      ON a ArticleId   t ArticleId  GROUP BY a articleId  title

User · Answer

If you re stuck with SQL Server  lt 2017  you can use GroupConcat  The syntax and the performance is far better than the FOR XML PATH sollution   Installation   -- https   codeplexarchive blob core windows net archive projects groupconcat groupconcat zip create assembly  GroupConcat  from 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with permission set   safe  create aggregate  dbo   GROUP CONCAT       VALUE  nvarchar  4000                                                        returns nvarchar  max  external name  GroupConcat   GroupConcat GROUP CONCAT   create aggregate  dbo   GROUP CONCAT D     VALUE  nvarchar  4000    DELIMITER  nvarchar  4                              returns nvarchar  max  external name  GroupConcat   GroupConcat GROUP CONCAT D   create aggregate  dbo   GROUP CONCAT DS    VALUE  nvarchar  4000    DELIMITER  nvarchar  4    SORT ORDER  tinyint       returns nvarchar  max  external name  GroupConcat   GroupConcat GROUP CONCAT DS   create aggregate  dbo   GROUP CONCAT S     VALUE  nvarchar  4000    SORT ORDER  tinyint                                 returns nvarchar  max  external name  GroupConcat   GroupConcat GROUP CONCAT S    go   Usage   declare  liststr varchar max  select  liststr   dbo group concat d institutionname       from education where studentnumber    111  group by studentnumber  select  liststr   GroupConcat does not support ordering  though  You could use PIVOT  CTE s and windows functions if you need ordering   drop table if exists  students  create table  students       name        varchar 20       institution varchar 20       year        int -- order by year   go  insert into  students name  institution  year  values       Simon    INSTITUTION1   2005         Simon    INSTITUTION2   2008    with cte as       select name             institution             rn   row number   over  partition by name order by year      from  students   select name          1           isnull         2                 isnull         3                 isnull         4                 isnull         5                 isnull         6                 isnull         7                 isnull         8                 isnull         9                 isnull         10                 isnull         11                 isnull         12                 isnull         13                 isnull         14                 isnull         15                 isnull         16                 isnull         17                 isnull         18                 isnull         19                 isnull         20        from cte     pivot       max institution      for rn in   1    2    3    4   5   6   7   8   9   10   11   12   13   14   15   16   17   18   19   20         as piv

[sql-server] Comma separated results in SQL

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