extract part of a string using bash cut split

Question

I have a string like this     var cpanel users joebloggs DNS9 domain com   I need to extract the username  joebloggs  from this string and store it in a variable   The format of the string will always be the same with exception of joebloggs and domain com so I am thinking the string can be split twice using cut   The first split would split by   and we would store the first part in a variable to pass to the second split function   The second split would split by   and store the last word  joebloggs  into a variable  I know how to do this in php using arrays and splits but I am a bit lost in bash

User · Answer

Using a single Awk         awk -F          print  5     That is  using as field separator either   or    the username is always in field 5   To store it in a variable   username         awk -F          print  5      A more flexible implementation with sed that doesn t require username to be field 5         sed -e s       -e s         That is  delete everything from   and beyond  and then delete everything up until the last    sed is probably faster too than awk  so this alternative is definitely better

User · Answer

Define a function like this   getUserName         echo  1   cut -d   -f 1   xargs basename     And pass the string as a parameter   userName   getUserName   var cpanel users joebloggs DNS9 domain com   echo  userName

User · Answer

Using a single sed  echo   var cpanel users joebloggs DNS9 domain com    sed  s                1

User · Answer

What about sed  That will work in a single command   sed  s                 1    lt  lt  lt  string    The   are being used for regex dividers instead of   since the string has   in it      grabs the string up to the last backslash           marks a capture group  This is             The      says any character  except a colon  and the   means zero or more      means the rest of the line   1 means substitute what was found in the first  and only  capture group  This is the name    Here s the breakdown matching the string with the regular expression            var cpanel users            joebloggs   DNS9 domain com joebloggs sed  s                                                            1

User · Answer

To extract joebloggs from this string in bash using parameter expansion without any extra processes     MYVAR   var cpanel users joebloggs DNS9 domain com    NAME   MYVAR        retain the part before the colon NAME   NAME         retain the part after the last slash echo  NAME   Doesn t depend on joebloggs being at a particular depth in the path     Summary  An overview of a few parameter expansion modes  for reference       MYVAR pattern        delete shortest match of pattern from the beginning   MYVAR  pattern       delete longest match of pattern from the beginning   MYVAR pattern        delete shortest match of pattern from the end   MYVAR  pattern       delete longest match of pattern from the end   So   means match from the beginning  think of a comment line  and   means from the end  One instance means shortest and two instances means longest   You can get substrings based on position using numbers     MYVAR 3      Remove the first three chars  leaving 4  end    MYVAR  3     Return the first three characters   MYVAR 3 5    The next five characters after removing the first 3  chars 4-9    You can also replace particular strings or patterns using     MYVAR search replace    The pattern is in the same format as file-name matching  so    any characters  is common  often followed by a particular symbol like   or    Examples   Given a variable like   MYVAR  users joebloggs domain com     Remove the path leaving file name  all characters up to a slash    echo   MYVAR      domain com   Remove the file name  leaving the path  delete shortest match after last      echo   MYVAR     users joebloggs   Get just the file extension  remove all before last period    echo   MYVAR      com   NOTE  To do two operations  you can t combine them  but have to assign to an intermediate variable  So to get the file name without path or extension   NAME   MYVAR             remove part before last slash echo   NAME              from the new var remove the part after the last period domain

[string] extract part of a string using bash/cut/split

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