Could not commit JPA transaction Transaction marked as rollbackOnly

Question

I m using Spring and Hibernate in one of the applications that I m working on and I ve got a problem with handling of transactions   I ve got a service class that loads some entities from the database  modifies some of their values and then  when everything is valid  commits these changes to the database  If the new values are invalid  which I can only check after setting them  I do not want to persist the changes  To prevent Spring Hibernate from saving the changes I throw an exception in the method  This however results in the following error    Could not commit JPA transaction  Transaction marked as rollbackOnly   And this is the service    Service class MyService       Transactional rollbackFor   MyCustomException class    public void doSth   throws MyCustomException         load entities from database       modify some of their values       check if they are valid     if invalid      if they arent valid  throw an exception       throw new MyCustomException                   And this is how I invoke it   class ServiceUser      Autowired   private MyService myService     public void method         try         myService doSth          catch  MyCustomException e                                       What I d expect to happen  No changes to the database and no exception visible to the user   What happens  No changes to the database but the app crashes with   org springframework transaction TransactionSystemException  Could not commit JPA transaction  nested exception is javax persistence RollbackException  Transaction marked as rollbackOnly   It s correctly setting the transaction to rollbackOnly but why is the rollback crashing with an exception

User · Answer

As explained  Yaroslav Stavnichiy if a service is marked as transactional spring tries to handle transaction itself  If any exception occurs then a rollback operation performed  If in your scenario ServiceUser method   is not performing any transactional operation you can use  Transactional TxType annotation   NEVER  option is used to manage that method outside transactional context    Transactional TxType reference doc is here

User · Answer

Could not commit JPA transaction  Transaction marked as rollbackOnly   This exception occurs when you invoke nested methods services also marked as  Transactional  JB Nizet explained the mechanism in detail  I d like to add some scenarios when it happens as well as some ways to avoid it   Suppose we have two Spring services  Service1 and Service2  From our program we call Service1 method1   which in turn calls Service2 method2     class Service1        Transactional     public void method1             try                               service2 method2                              catch  Exception e                                       class Service2        Transactional     public void method2                         throw new SomeException                          SomeException is unchecked  extends RuntimeException  unless stated otherwise   Scenarios    Transaction marked for rollback by exception thrown out of method2  This is our default case explained by JB Nizet  Annotating method2 as  Transactional readOnly   true  still marks transaction for rollback  exception thrown when exiting from method1   Annotating both method1 and method2 as  Transactional readOnly   true  still marks transaction for rollback  exception thrown when exiting from method1   Annotating method2 with  Transactional noRollbackFor   SomeException  prevents marking transaction for rollback  no exception thrown when exiting from method1   Suppose method2 belongs to Service1  Invoking it from method1 does not go through Spring s proxy  i e  Spring is unaware of SomeException thrown out of method2  Transaction is not marked for rollback in this case  Suppose method2 is not annotated with  Transactional  Invoking it from method1 does go through Spring s proxy  but Spring pays no attention to exceptions thrown  Transaction is not marked for rollback in this case  Annotating method2 with  Transactional propagation   Propagation REQUIRES NEW  makes method2 start new transaction  That second transaction is marked for rollback upon exit from method2 but original transaction is unaffected in this case  no exception thrown when exiting from method1   In case SomeException is checked  does not extend RuntimeException   Spring by default does not mark transaction for rollback when intercepting checked exceptions  no exception thrown when exiting from method1     See all scenarios tested in this gist

User · Answer

Save sub object first and then call final repository save method    PostMapping   save       public String save  ModelAttribute  shortcode    Valid Shortcode shortcode  BindingResult result            Shortcode existingShortcode   shortcodeService findByShortcode shortcode getShortcode             if  existingShortcode    null                result rejectValue shortcode getShortcode     This shortode is already created                       if  result hasErrors                  return  redirect  shortcode create                       shortcode setUser userService findByUsername shortcode getUser   getUsername                shortcodeService save shortcode           return  redirect  shortcode create success

User · Answer

My guess is that ServiceUser method   is itself transactional  It shouldn t be  Here s the reason why   Here s what happens when a call is made to your ServiceUser method   method    the transactional interceptor intercepts the method call  and starts a transaction  because no transaction is already active the method is called the method calls MyService doSth   the transactional interceptor intercepts the method call  sees that a transaction is already active  and doesn t do anything doSth   is executed and throws an exception the transactional interceptor intercepts the exception  marks the transaction as rollbackOnly  and propagates the exception ServiceUser method   catches the exception and returns the transactional interceptor  since it has started the transaction  tries to commit it  But Hibernate refuses to do it because the transaction is marked as rollbackOnly  so Hibernate throws an exception  The transaction interceptor signals it to the caller by throwing an exception wrapping the hibernate exception    Now if ServiceUser method   is not transactional  here s what happens    the method is called the method calls MyService doSth   the transactional interceptor intercepts the method call  sees that no transaction is already active  and thus starts a transaction doSth   is executed and throws an exception the transactional interceptor intercepts the exception  Since it has started the transaction  and since an exception has been thrown  it rollbacks the transaction  and propagates the exception ServiceUser method   catches the exception and returns

User · Answer

For those who can t  or don t want to  setup a debugger to track down the original exception which was causing the rollback-flag to get set  you can just add a bunch of debug statements throughout your code to find the lines of code which trigger the rollback-only flag   logger debug  Is rollbackOnly      TransactionAspectSupport currentTransactionStatus   isRollbackOnly       Adding this throughout the code allowed me to narrow down the root cause  by numbering the debug statements and looking to see where the above method goes from returning  false  to  true

[java] Could not commit JPA transaction: Transaction marked as rollbackOnly

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