Spring Boot REST service exception handling

Question

I am trying to set up a large-scale REST services server   We re using Spring Boot 1 2 1 Spring 4 1 5  and Java 8   Our controllers are implementing  RestController and the standard  RequestMapping annotations   My problem is that Spring Boot sets up a default redirect for controller exceptions to  error   From the docs      Spring Boot provides an  error mapping by default that handles all errors in a sensible way  and it is registered as a    global    error page in the servlet container     Coming from years writing REST applications with Node js  this is  to me  anything but sensible   Any exception a service endpoint generates should return in the response   I can t understand why you d send a redirect to what is most likely an Angular or JQuery SPA consumer which is only looking for an answer and can t or won t take any action on a redirect   What I want to do is set up a global error handler that can take any exception - either purposefully thrown from a request mapping method or auto-generated by Spring  404 if no handler method is found for the request path signature   and return a standard formatted error response  400  500  503  404  to the client without any MVC redirects   Specifically  we are going to take the error  log it to NoSQL with a UUID  then return to the client the right HTTP error code with the UUID of the log entry in the JSON body   The docs have been vague on how to do this   It seems to me that you have to either create your own ErrorController implementation or use ControllerAdvice in some fashion  but all the examples I ve seen still include forwarding the response to some kind of error mapping  which doesn t help   Other examples suggest that you d have to list every Exception type you want to handle instead of just listing  Throwable  and getting everything   Can anyone tell me what I missed  or point me in the right direction on how to do this without suggesting up the chain that Node js would be easier to deal with

User · Answer

For REST controllers  I would recommend to use Zalando Problem Spring Web   https   github com zalando problem-spring-web  If Spring Boot aims to embed some auto-configuration  this library does more for exception handling  You just need to add the dependency    lt dependency gt       lt groupId gt org zalando lt  groupId gt       lt artifactId gt problem-spring-web lt  artifactId gt       lt version gt LATEST lt  version gt   lt  dependency gt    And then define one or more advice traits for your exceptions  or use those provided by default   public interface NotAcceptableAdviceTrait extends AdviceTrait         ExceptionHandler     default ResponseEntity lt Problem gt  handleMediaTypeNotAcceptable              final HttpMediaTypeNotAcceptableException exception              final NativeWebRequest request            return Responses create Status NOT ACCEPTABLE  exception  request              Then you can defined the controller advice for exception handling as    ControllerAdvice class ExceptionHandling implements MethodNotAllowedAdviceTrait  NotAcceptableAdviceTrait

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What about this code   I use a fallback request mapping to catch 404 errors    Controller  ControllerAdvice public class ExceptionHandlerController         ExceptionHandler Exception class      public ModelAndView exceptionHandler HttpServletRequest request  HttpServletResponse response  Exception ex              If exception has a ResponseStatus annotation then use its response code         ResponseStatus responseStatusAnnotation   AnnotationUtils findAnnotation ex getClass    ResponseStatus class            return buildModelAndViewErrorPage request  response  ex  responseStatusAnnotation    null   responseStatusAnnotation value     HttpStatus INTERNAL SERVER ERROR               RequestMapping          public ModelAndView fallbackHandler HttpServletRequest request  HttpServletResponse response  throws Exception           return buildModelAndViewErrorPage request  response  null  HttpStatus NOT FOUND              private ModelAndView buildModelAndViewErrorPage HttpServletRequest request  HttpServletResponse response  Exception ex  HttpStatus httpStatus            response setStatus httpStatus value              ModelAndView mav   new ModelAndView  error html            if  ex    null                mav addObject  title   ex                     mav addObject  content   request getRequestURL             return mav

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For people that want to response according to http status code  you can use the ErrorController way    Controller public class CustomErrorController extends BasicErrorController        public CustomErrorController ServerProperties serverProperties            super new DefaultErrorAttributes    serverProperties getError                 Override     public ResponseEntity error HttpServletRequest request            HttpStatus status   getStatus request           if  status equals HttpStatus INTERNAL SERVER ERROR                return ResponseEntity status status  body ResponseBean SERVER ERROR            else if  status equals HttpStatus BAD REQUEST                return ResponseEntity status status  body ResponseBean BAD REQUEST                     return super error request             The ResponseBean here is my custom pojo for response

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With Spring Boot 1 4  new cool classes for easier exception handling were added that helps in removing the boilerplate code   A new  RestControllerAdvice is provided for exception handling  it is combination of  ControllerAdvice and  ResponseBody  You can remove the  ResponseBody on the  ExceptionHandler method when use this new annotation   i e      RestControllerAdvice public class GlobalControllerExceptionHandler         ExceptionHandler value     Exception class         ResponseStatus HttpStatus INTERNAL SERVER ERROR      public ApiErrorResponse unknownException Exception ex  WebRequest req            return new ApiErrorResponse                 For handling 404 errors adding  EnableWebMvc annotation and the following to application properties was enough  spring mvc throw-exception-if-no-handler-found true  You can find and play with the sources here  https   github com magiccrafter spring-boot-exception-handling

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RestControllerAdvice is a new feature of Spring Framework 4 3 to handle Exception with RestfulApi by a cross-cutting concern solution    package com khan vaquar exception   import javax servlet http HttpServletRequest   import org owasp esapi errors IntrusionException  import org owasp esapi errors ValidationException  import org slf4j Logger  import org slf4j LoggerFactory  import org springframework http HttpStatus  import org springframework web bind MissingServletRequestParameterException  import org springframework web bind annotation ExceptionHandler  import org springframework web bind annotation ResponseStatus  import org springframework web bind annotation RestControllerAdvice  import org springframework web servlet NoHandlerFoundException   import com fasterxml jackson core JsonProcessingException  import com khan vaquar domain ErrorResponse          Handles exceptions raised through requests to spring controllers        RestControllerAdvice public class RestExceptionHandler        private static final String TOKEN ID    tokenId        private static final Logger log   LoggerFactory getLogger RestExceptionHandler class                   Handles InstructionExceptions from the rest controller                  param e IntrusionException         return error response POJO              ResponseStatus HttpStatus BAD REQUEST       ExceptionHandler value   IntrusionException class      public ErrorResponse handleIntrusionException HttpServletRequest request  IntrusionException e                   log warn e getLogMessage    e           return this handleValidationException request  new ValidationException e getUserMessage    e getLogMessage                            Handles ValidationExceptions from the rest controller                  param e ValidationException         return error response POJO              ResponseStatus HttpStatus BAD REQUEST       ExceptionHandler value   ValidationException class      public ErrorResponse handleValidationException HttpServletRequest request  ValidationException e                 String tokenId   request getParameter TOKEN ID           log info e getMessage    e            if  e getUserMessage   contains  Token ID                  tokenId     lt OMITTED gt                       return new ErrorResponse    tokenId                                      HttpStatus BAD REQUEST value                                         e getClass   getSimpleName                                        e getUserMessage                           Handles JsonProcessingExceptions from the rest controller                  param e JsonProcessingException         return error response POJO              ResponseStatus HttpStatus BAD REQUEST       ExceptionHandler value   JsonProcessingException class      public ErrorResponse handleJsonProcessingException HttpServletRequest request  JsonProcessingException e                 String tokenId   request getParameter TOKEN ID           log info e getMessage    e           return new ErrorResponse    tokenId                                      HttpStatus BAD REQUEST value                                         e getClass   getSimpleName                                        e getOriginalMessage                           Handles IllegalArgumentExceptions from the rest controller                  param e IllegalArgumentException         return error response POJO              ResponseStatus HttpStatus BAD REQUEST       ExceptionHandler value   IllegalArgumentException class      public ErrorResponse handleIllegalArgumentException HttpServletRequest request  IllegalArgumentException e            String tokenId   request getParameter TOKEN ID           log info e getMessage    e           return new ErrorResponse    tokenId                                      HttpStatus BAD REQUEST value                                         e getClass   getSimpleName                                         e getMessage                 ResponseStatus HttpStatus BAD REQUEST       ExceptionHandler value   UnsupportedOperationException class      public ErrorResponse handleUnsupportedOperationException HttpServletRequest request  UnsupportedOperationException e            String tokenId   request getParameter TOKEN ID           log info e getMessage    e           return new ErrorResponse    tokenId                                      HttpStatus BAD REQUEST value                                         e getClass   getSimpleName                                         e getMessage                           Handles MissingServletRequestParameterExceptions from the rest controller                  param e MissingServletRequestParameterException         return error response POJO              ResponseStatus HttpStatus BAD REQUEST       ExceptionHandler value   MissingServletRequestParameterException class      public ErrorResponse handleMissingServletRequestParameterException  HttpServletRequest request                                                                           MissingServletRequestParameterException e            String tokenId   request getParameter TOKEN ID           log info e getMessage    e           return new ErrorResponse    tokenId                                      HttpStatus BAD REQUEST value                                         e getClass   getSimpleName                                         e getMessage                           Handles NoHandlerFoundExceptions from the rest controller                  param e NoHandlerFoundException         return error response POJO              ResponseStatus HttpStatus NOT FOUND       ExceptionHandler value   NoHandlerFoundException class      public ErrorResponse handleNoHandlerFoundException HttpServletRequest request  NoHandlerFoundException e            String tokenId   request getParameter TOKEN ID           log info e getMessage    e           return new ErrorResponse    tokenId                                      HttpStatus NOT FOUND value                                         e getClass   getSimpleName                                          The resource     e getRequestURL       is unavailable                          Handles all remaining exceptions from the rest controller                 This acts as a catch-all for any exceptions not handled by previous exception handlers                  param e Exception         return error response POJO              ResponseStatus HttpStatus INTERNAL SERVER ERROR       ExceptionHandler value   Exception class      public ErrorResponse handleException HttpServletRequest request  Exception e            String tokenId   request getParameter TOKEN ID           log error e getMessage    e           return new ErrorResponse    tokenId                                      HttpStatus INTERNAL SERVER ERROR value                                         e getClass   getSimpleName                                          An internal error occurred

User · Answer

I think ResponseEntityExceptionHandler meets your requirements  A sample piece of code for HTTP 400    ControllerAdvice public class MyExceptionHandler extends ResponseEntityExceptionHandler       ResponseStatus value   HttpStatus BAD REQUEST     ExceptionHandler  HttpMessageNotReadableException class  MethodArgumentNotValidException class        HttpRequestMethodNotSupportedException class     public ResponseEntity lt Object gt  badRequest HttpServletRequest req  Exception exception                       You can check this post

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Although this is an older question  I would like to share my thoughts on this  I hope  that it will be helpful to some of you   I am currently building a REST API which makes use of Spring Boot 1 5 2 RELEASE with Spring Framework 4 3 7 RELEASE  I use the Java Config approach  as opposed to XML configuration   Also  my project uses a global exception handling mechanism using the  RestControllerAdvice annotation  see later below    My project has the same requirements as yours  I want my REST API to return a HTTP 404 Not Found with an accompanying JSON payload in the HTTP response to the API client when it tries to send a request to an URL which does not exist  In my case  the JSON payload looks like this  which clearly differs from the Spring Boot default  btw            code   1000       message    No handler found for your request         timestamp    2017-11-20T02 40 57 628Z      I finally made it work  Here are the main tasks you need to do in brief    Make sure that the NoHandlerFoundException is thrown if API clients call URLS for which no handler method exists  see Step 1 below   Create a custom error class  in my case ApiError  which contains all the data that should be returned to the API client  see step 2   Create an exception handler which reacts on the NoHandlerFoundException and returns a proper error message to the API client  see step 3   Write a test for it and make sure  it works  see step 4     Ok  now on to the details   Step 1  Configure application properties  I had to add the following two configuration settings to the project s application properties file   spring mvc throw-exception-if-no-handler-found true spring resources add-mappings false   This makes sure  the NoHandlerFoundException is thrown in cases where a client tries to access an URL for which no controller method exists which would be able to handle the request   Step 2  Create a Class for API Errors  I made a class similar to the one suggested in this article on Eugen Paraschiv s blog  This class represents an API error  This information is  sent to the client in the HTTP response body in case of an error   public class ApiError        private int code      private String message      private Instant timestamp       public ApiError int code  String message            this code   code          this message   message          this timestamp   Instant now               public ApiError int code  String message  Instant timestamp            this code   code          this message   message          this timestamp   timestamp                Getters and setters here        Step 3  Create   Configure a Global Exception Handler  I use the following class to handle exceptions  for simplicity  I have removed import statements  logging code and some other  non-relevant pieces of code     RestControllerAdvice public class GlobalExceptionHandler         ExceptionHandler NoHandlerFoundException class       ResponseStatus HttpStatus NOT FOUND      public ApiError noHandlerFoundException              NoHandlerFoundException ex             int code   1000          String message    No handler found for your request            return new ApiError code  message                 More exception handlers here         Step 4  Write a test  I want to make sure  the API always returns the correct error messages to the calling client  even in the case of failure  Thus  I wrote a test like this    RunWith SpringRunner class   SpringBootTest webEnvironment   SprintBootTest WebEnvironment RANDOM PORT   AutoConfigureMockMvc  ActiveProfiles  dev   public class GlobalExceptionHandlerIntegrationTest        public static final String ISO8601 DATE REGEX               d 4 -  d 2 -  d 2 T  d 2    d 2    d 2      d 3 Z          Autowired     private MockMvc mockMvc        Test      WithMockUser roles    DEVICE SCAN HOSTS       public void invalidUrl returnsHttp404   throws Exception           RequestBuilder requestBuilder   getGetRequestBuilder   does-not-exist            mockMvc perform requestBuilder               andExpect status   isNotFound                 andExpect jsonPath    code   is 1000                 andExpect jsonPath    message   is  No handler found for your request                   andExpect jsonPath    timestamp   RegexMatcher matchesRegex ISO8601 DATE REGEX                private RequestBuilder getGetRequestBuilder String url            return MockMvcRequestBuilders              get url               accept MediaType APPLICATION JSON           The  ActiveProfiles  dev   annotation can be left away  I use it only as I work with different profiles  The RegexMatcher is a custom Hamcrest matcher I use to better handle timestamp fields  Here s the code  I found it here    public class RegexMatcher extends TypeSafeMatcher lt String gt         private final String regex       public RegexMatcher final String regex            this regex   regex              Override     public void describeTo final Description description            description appendText  matches regular expression      regex                     Override     public boolean matchesSafely final String string            return string matches regex                 Matcher method you can call on this matcher class     public static RegexMatcher matchesRegex final String string            return new RegexMatcher regex             Some further notes from my side    In many other posts on StackOverflow  people suggested setting the  EnableWebMvc annotation  This was not necessary in my case  This approach works well with MockMvc  see test above

User · Answer

By default Spring Boot gives json with error details   curl -v localhost 8080 greet   json pp        lt  HTTP 1 1 400 Bad Request             timestamp    1413313361387      exception     org springframework web bind MissingServletRequestParameterException       status    400      error     Bad Request       path      greet       message     Required String parameter  name  is not present      It also works for all kind of request mapping errors  Check this article http   www jayway com 2014 10 19 spring-boot-error-responses   If you want to create log it to NoSQL  You can create  ControllerAdvice where you would log it and then re-throw the exception   There is example in documentation https   spring io blog 2013 11 01 exception-handling-in-spring-mvc

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New answer  2016-04-20   Using Spring Boot 1 3 1 RELEASE  New Step 1 - It is easy and less intrusive to add the following properties to the application properties   spring mvc throw-exception-if-no-handler-found true spring resources add-mappings false      Much easier than modifying the existing DispatcherServlet instance  as below   - JO    If working with a full RESTful Application  it is very important to disable the automatic mapping of static resources since if you are using Spring Boot s default configuration for handling static resources then the resource handler will be handling the request  it s ordered last and mapped to     which means that it picks up any requests that haven t been handled by any other handler in the application  so the dispatcher servlet doesn t get a chance to throw an exception     New Answer  2015-12-04   Using Spring Boot 1 2 7 RELEASE  New Step 1 - I found a much less intrusive way of setting the  throExceptionIfNoHandlerFound  flag   Replace the DispatcherServlet replacement code below  Step 1  with this in your application initialization class    ComponentScan    EnableAutoConfiguration public class MyApplication extends SpringBootServletInitializer       private static Logger LOG   LoggerFactory getLogger MyApplication class       public static void main String   args            ApplicationContext ctx   SpringApplication run MyApplication class  args           DispatcherServlet dispatcherServlet    DispatcherServlet ctx getBean  dispatcherServlet            dispatcherServlet setThrowExceptionIfNoHandlerFound true           In this case  we re setting the flag on the existing DispatcherServlet  which preserves any auto-configuration by the Spring Boot framework     One more thing I ve found - the  EnableWebMvc annotation is deadly to Spring Boot   Yes  that annotation enables things like being able to catch all the controller exceptions as described below  but it also kills a LOT of the helpful auto-configuration that Spring Boot would normally provide   Use that annotation with extreme caution when you use Spring Boot     Original Answer   After a lot more research and following up on the solutions posted here  thanks for the help   and no small amount of runtime tracing into the Spring code  I finally found a configuration that will handle all Exceptions  not Errors  but read on  including 404s   Step 1 - tell SpringBoot to stop using MVC for  handler not found  situations   We want Spring to throw an exception instead of returning to the client a view redirect to   error    To do this  you need to have an entry in one of your configuration classes      NEW CODE ABOVE REPLACES THIS   2015-12-04   Configuration public class MyAppConfig        Bean     Magic entry      public DispatcherServlet dispatcherServlet             DispatcherServlet ds   new DispatcherServlet            ds setThrowExceptionIfNoHandlerFound true           return ds            The downside of this is that it replaces the default dispatcher servlet  This hasn t been a problem for us yet  with no side effects or execution problems showing up   If you re going to do anything else with the dispatcher servlet for other reasons  this is the place to do them   Step 2 - Now that spring boot will throw an exception when no handler is found  that exception can be handled with any others in a unified exception handler    EnableWebMvc  ControllerAdvice public class ServiceExceptionHandler extends ResponseEntityExceptionHandler         ExceptionHandler Throwable class       ResponseBody     ResponseEntity lt Object gt  handleControllerException HttpServletRequest req  Throwable ex            ErrorResponse errorResponse   new ErrorResponse ex           if ex instanceof ServiceException                errorResponse setDetails   ServiceException ex  getDetails                       if ex instanceof ServiceHttpException                return new ResponseEntity lt Object gt  errorResponse   ServiceHttpException ex  getStatus               else               return new ResponseEntity lt Object gt  errorResponse HttpStatus INTERNAL SERVER ERROR                         Override     protected ResponseEntity lt Object gt  handleNoHandlerFoundException NoHandlerFoundException ex  HttpHeaders headers  HttpStatus status  WebRequest request            Map lt String String gt  responseBody   new HashMap lt  gt             responseBody put  path  request getContextPath             responseBody put  message   The URL you have reached is not in service at this time  404              return new ResponseEntity lt Object gt  responseBody HttpStatus NOT FOUND                     Keep in mind that I think the   EnableWebMvc  annotation is significant here   It seems that none of this works without it   And that s it - your Spring boot app will now catch all exceptions  including 404s  in the above handler class and you may do with them as you please   One last point - there doesn t seem to be a way to get this to catch thrown Errors   I have a wacky idea of using aspects to catch errors and turn them into Exceptions that the above code can then deal with  but I have not yet had time to actually try implementing that   Hope this helps someone   Any comments corrections enhancements will be appreciated

User · Answer

Solution with  dispatcherServlet setThrowExceptionIfNoHandlerFound true   and  EnableWebMvc  ControllerAdvice worked for me with Spring Boot 1 3 1  while was not working on 1 2 7

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