How can I convert a stack trace to a string

Question

What is the easiest way to convert the result of Throwable getStackTrace   to a string that depicts the stacktrace

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Warning  This may be a bit off topic  but oh well        I don t know what the original posters reason was for wanting the stack trace as string in the first place  When the stack trace should end up in an SLF4J Logback LOG  but no exception was or should be thrown here s what I do   public void remove List lt String gt  ids        if ids    null    ids isEmpty              LOG warn               An empty list  or null  was passed to    remove List                    Clearly  this call is unneccessary  the caller should                   avoid making it  A stacktrace follows                 getClass   getName                new Throwable   Stacktrace                       return                actual work  remove stuff     I like it because it does not require an external library  other than your logging backend  which will be in place most of the time anyway  of course

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Without java io   it can be done like this   String trace   e toString       n                         for  StackTraceElement e1   e getStackTrace          trace      t at     e1 toString       n          And then the trace variable holds your stack trace  Output also holds the initial cause  the output is identical to printStackTrace    Example  printStackTrace   yields   java io FileNotFoundException     Is a directory      at java io FileOutputStream open0 Native Method      at java io FileOutputStream open FileOutputStream java 270      at java io FileOutputStream  lt init gt  FileOutputStream java 213      at java io FileOutputStream  lt init gt  FileOutputStream java 101      at Test main Test java 9    The trace String holds  when printed to stdout  java io FileNotFoundException     Is a directory       at java io FileOutputStream open0 Native Method       at java io FileOutputStream open FileOutputStream java 270       at java io FileOutputStream  lt init gt  FileOutputStream java 213       at java io FileOutputStream  lt init gt  FileOutputStream java 101       at Test main Test java 9

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The solution is to convert the stackTrace of array to string data type   See the following example   import java util Arrays   try    catch Exception ex       String stack   Arrays toString ex getStackTrace         System out println  stack    stack

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The following code allows you to get the entire stackTrace with a String format  without using APIs like log4J or even java util Logger   catch  Exception e        StackTraceElement   stack   e getStackTrace        String exception           for  StackTraceElement s   stack            exception   exception   s toString       n t t             System out println exception          then you can send the exception string to a external file

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Use Throwable printStackTrace PrintWriter pw  to send the stack trace to an appropriate writer   import java io StringWriter  import java io PrintWriter           StringWriter sw   new StringWriter    PrintWriter pw   new PrintWriter sw   e printStackTrace pw   String sStackTrace   sw toString       stack trace as a string System out println sStackTrace

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With Java 8 Stream API you can do something like this   Stream      of throwable getStackTrace         map StackTraceElement  toString       collect Collectors joining   n       It will take array of stack trace elements  convert them to string and join into multiline string

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If you don t want to use an external library and you re not developing for Android  you could create an  extension  method like this   public static String getStackTraceString Throwable e        return getStackTraceString e          private static String getStackTraceString Throwable e  String indent        StringBuilder sb   new StringBuilder        sb append e toString         sb append   n         StackTraceElement   stack   e getStackTrace        if  stack    null            for  StackTraceElement stackTraceElement   stack                sb append indent               sb append   tat                 sb append stackTraceElement toString                 sb append   n                         Throwable   suppressedExceptions   e getSuppressed           Print suppressed exceptions indented one level deeper      if  suppressedExceptions    null            for  Throwable throwable   suppressedExceptions                sb append indent               sb append   tSuppressed                  sb append getStackTraceString throwable  indent     t                          Throwable cause   e getCause        if  cause    null            sb append indent           sb append  Caused by              sb append getStackTraceString cause  indent               return sb toString

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For me the cleanest and easiest way was   import java util Arrays  Arrays toString e getStackTrace

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an exapansion on Gala s answer that will also include the causes for the exception   private String extrapolateStackTrace Exception ex        Throwable e   ex      String trace   e toString       n       for  StackTraceElement e1   e getStackTrace              trace      t at     e1 toString       n             while  e getCause      null            e   e getCause            trace     Cause by      e toString       n           for  StackTraceElement e1   e getStackTrace                  trace      t at     e1 toString       n                       return trace

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Scala version  def stackTraceToString e  Exception   String       import java io PrintWriter   val sw   new StringWriter     e printStackTrace new PrintWriter sw     sw toString

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private String getCurrentStackTraceString         StackTraceElement   stackTrace   Thread currentThread   getStackTrace        return Arrays stream stackTrace  map StackTraceElement  toString               collect Collectors joining   n

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Arrays toString thrown getStackTrace      Is the easiest way to convert the result into String I am using this in my program to print the stack trace  LOGGER log Level SEVERE   Query Builder Issue Stack Trace    0   Message    1  objid  2    new Object   Arrays toString e getStackTrace     e getMessage   objId

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The clever sniping in the first set of comments was very amusing  but it really depends on what you are trying to do   If you don t already have the correct library  then 3 lines of code  as in D  Wroblewski s answer  is perfect  OTOH  if you already have the apache commons library  as most large projects will   then Amar s answer is shorter  OK  it might take you ten minutes to get the library and install it correctly  less than one if you know what you re doing   But the clock is ticking  so you may not have the time to spare  Jarek Przyg  dzki had an interesting caveat-- If you don t need nested exceptions    But what if I do need the full stack traces  nested and all   In that case  the secret is to use apache common s getFullStackTrace  see http   commons apache org proper commons-lang javadocs api-2 6 org apache commons lang exception ExceptionUtils html getFullStackTrace 28java lang Throwable 29   It saved my bacon  Thanks  Amar  for the hint

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public static String getStackTrace Throwable t        StringWriter sw   new StringWriter        t printStackTrace new PrintWriter sw        return sw toString

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Printing stack trace to string  import java io PrintWriter  import java io StringWriter   public class StackTraceUtils       public static String stackTraceToString StackTraceElement   stackTrace            StringWriter sw   new StringWriter            printStackTrace stackTrace  new PrintWriter sw            return sw toString              public static void printStackTrace StackTraceElement   stackTrace  PrintWriter pw            for StackTraceElement stackTraceEl   stackTrace                pw println stackTraceEl                       It s useful when you want to print the current thread stack trace without creating instance of Throwable - but note that creating new Throwable and getting stack trace from there is actually  faster and cheaper than calling Thread getStackTrace

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This should work      StringWriter sw   new StringWriter    e printStackTrace new PrintWriter sw    String exceptionAsString   sw toString

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My oneliner to convert stack trace to the enclosed multi-line string   Stream of e getStackTrace    map  a  - gt  a toString    collect Collectors joining   n                Easy to pass to the logger  as is

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If you are developing for Android  a far easier way is to use this   import android util Log   String stackTrace   Log getStackTraceString exception      The format is the same as getStacktrace  for e g    09-24 16 09 07 042  I System out 4844   java lang NullPointerException 09-24 16 09 07 042  I System out 4844     at com temp ttscancel MainActivity onCreate MainActivity java 43  09-24 16 09 07 042  I System out 4844     at android app Activity performCreate Activity java 5248  09-24 16 09 07 043  I System out 4844     at android app Instrumentation callActivityOnCreate Instrumentation java 1110  09-24 16 09 07 043  I System out 4844     at android app ActivityThread performLaunchActivity ActivityThread java 2162  09-24 16 09 07 043  I System out 4844     at android app ActivityThread handleLaunchActivity ActivityThread java 2257  09-24 16 09 07 043  I System out 4844     at android app ActivityThread access 800 ActivityThread java 139  09-24 16 09 07 043  I System out 4844     at android app ActivityThread H handleMessage ActivityThread java 1210  09-24 16 09 07 043  I System out 4844     at android os Handler dispatchMessage Handler java 102  09-24 16 09 07 043  I System out 4844     at android os Looper loop Looper java 136  09-24 16 09 07 044  I System out 4844     at android app ActivityThread main ActivityThread java 5097  09-24 16 09 07 044  I System out 4844     at java lang reflect Method invokeNative Native Method  09-24 16 09 07 044  I System out 4844     at java lang reflect Method invoke Method java 515  09-24 16 09 07 044  I System out 4844     at com android internal os ZygoteInit MethodAndArgsCaller run ZygoteInit java 785  09-24 16 09 07 044  I System out 4844     at com android internal os ZygoteInit main ZygoteInit java 601

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I wonder why no one mentioned ExceptionUtils getStackFrames exception   For me it s the most convenient way to dump stacktrace with all its causes to the end   String join   n   ExceptionUtils getStackFrames exception

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Few options   StringWriter sw   new StringWriter    e printStackTrace new PrintWriter sw    String exceptionAsString   sw toString    Using Google Guava lib String stackTrace   Throwables getStackTraceAsString   myException      org apache commons lang exception ExceptionUtils getStackTrace Throwable

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Guava s Throwables class  If you have the actual Throwable instance  Google Guava provides Throwables getStackTraceAsString     Example   String s   Throwables getStackTraceAsString   myException

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I wrote a few methods for this a while ago  so I figured why not throw my two cents at this        param stackTraceElements The elements to convert     return The resulting string    public static final String stackTraceElementsToStr StackTraceElement   stackTraceElements        return stackTraceElementsToStr stackTraceElements    n            param stackTraceElements The elements to convert     param lineSeparator The line separator to use     return The resulting string    public static final String stackTraceElementsToStr StackTraceElement   stackTraceElements  String lineSeparator        return stackTraceElementsToStr stackTraceElements  lineSeparator               param stackTraceElements The elements to convert     param lineSeparator The line separator to use     param padding The string to be used at the start of each line     return The resulting string    public static final String stackTraceElementsToStr StackTraceElement   stackTraceElements  String lineSeparator  String padding        String str           if stackTraceElements    null            for StackTraceElement stackTrace   stackTraceElements                str    padding     stackTrace toString   startsWith  Caused By       tat           stackTrace toString     lineSeparator                      return str          param stackTraceElements The elements to convert     return The resulting string    public static final String stackTraceCausedByElementsOnlyToStr StackTraceElement   stackTraceElements        return stackTraceCausedByElementsOnlyToStr stackTraceElements    n            param stackTraceElements The elements to convert     param lineSeparator The line separator to use     return The resulting string    public static final String stackTraceCausedByElementsOnlyToStr StackTraceElement   stackTraceElements  String lineSeparator        return stackTraceCausedByElementsOnlyToStr stackTraceElements  lineSeparator               param stackTraceElements The elements to convert     param lineSeparator The line separator to use     param padding The string to be used at the start of each line     return The resulting string    public static final String stackTraceCausedByElementsOnlyToStr StackTraceElement   stackTraceElements  String lineSeparator  String padding        String str           if stackTraceElements    null            for StackTraceElement stackTrace   stackTraceElements                str      stackTrace toString   startsWith  Caused By          padding   stackTrace toString     lineSeparator                       return str          param e The   link Throwable  to convert     return The resulting String    public static final String throwableToStrNoStackTraces Throwable e        return throwableToStrNoStackTraces e    n            param e The   link Throwable  to convert     param lineSeparator The line separator to use     return The resulting String    public static final String throwableToStrNoStackTraces Throwable e  String lineSeparator        return throwableToStrNoStackTraces e  lineSeparator               param e The   link Throwable  to convert     param lineSeparator The line separator to use     param padding The string to be used at the start of each line     return The resulting String    public static final String throwableToStrNoStackTraces Throwable e  String lineSeparator  String padding        if e    null            return  null             String str   e getClass   getName               if  e getMessage      null   amp  amp   e getMessage   isEmpty              str    e getMessage     lineSeparator        else           str    lineSeparator            str    padding   stackTraceCausedByElementsOnlyToStr e getStackTrace    lineSeparator  padding       for Throwable suppressed   e getSuppressed              str    padding   throwableToStrNoStackTraces suppressed  lineSeparator  padding     t              Throwable cause   e getCause        while cause    null            str    padding    Caused by     lineSeparator   throwableToStrNoStackTraces e getCause    lineSeparator  padding           cause   cause getCause              return str          param e The   link Throwable  to convert     return The resulting String    public static final String throwableToStr Throwable e        return throwableToStr e    n            param e The   link Throwable  to convert     param lineSeparator The line separator to use     return The resulting String    public static final String throwableToStr Throwable e  String lineSeparator        return throwableToStr e  lineSeparator               param e The   link Throwable  to convert     param lineSeparator The line separator to use     param padding The string to be used at the start of each line     return The resulting String    public static final String throwableToStr Throwable e  String lineSeparator  String padding        if e    null            return  null             String str   padding   e getClass   getName               if  e getMessage      null   amp  amp   e getMessage   isEmpty              str    e getMessage     lineSeparator        else           str    lineSeparator            str    padding   stackTraceElementsToStr e getStackTrace    lineSeparator  padding       for Throwable suppressed   e getSuppressed              str    padding    Suppressed      throwableToStr suppressed  lineSeparator  padding     t              Throwable cause   e getCause        while cause    null            str    padding    Caused by     lineSeparator   throwableToStr e getCause    lineSeparator  padding           cause   cause getCause              return str      Example   try InputStream in   new FileInputStream file               catch IOException e        String exceptionToString   throwableToStr e       someLoggingUtility println exceptionToString               Prints   java io FileNotFoundException  C  test txt  The system cannot find the file specified      at java io FileInputStream open0 Native Method      at java io FileInputStream open Unknown Source      at java io FileInputStream  lt init gt  Unknown Source      at com gmail br45entei Example main Example java 32

User · Answer

One can use the following method to convert an Exception stack trace to String  This class is available in Apache commons-lang which is most common dependent library with many popular open sources  org apache commons lang exception ExceptionUtils getStackTrace Throwable

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import java io PrintWriter  import java io StringWriter   public class PrintStackTrace        public static void main String   args             try               int division   0   0            catch  ArithmeticException e                StringWriter sw   new StringWriter                e printStackTrace new PrintWriter sw                String exceptionAsString   sw toString                System out println exceptionAsString                       When you run the program  the output will be something similar   java lang ArithmeticException    by zero at PrintStackTrace main PrintStackTrace java 9

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Here is a version that is copy-pastable directly into code   import java io StringWriter   import java io PrintWriter     Two lines of code to get the exception into a StringWriter StringWriter sw   new StringWriter    new Throwable   printStackTrace new PrintWriter sw       And to actually print it logger info  Current stack trace is  n    sw toString       Or  in a catch block    catch  Throwable t        StringWriter sw   new StringWriter        t printStackTrace new PrintWriter sw        logger info  Current stack trace is  n    sw toString

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if you are using Java 8  try this Arrays stream e getStackTrace                     map s- gt s toString                     collect Collectors joining  quot  n quot      you can find the code for getStackTrace   function provided by Throwable java as   public StackTraceElement   getStackTrace         return getOurStackTrace   clone       and for StackTraceElement  it provides toString   as follows  public String toString         return getClassName      quot   quot    methodName            isNativeMethod      quot  Native Method  quot              fileName    null  amp  amp  lineNumber  gt   0              quot   quot    fileName    quot   quot    lineNumber    quot   quot               fileName    null     quot   quot  fileName  quot   quot     quot  Unknown Source  quot         So just join the StackTraceElement with  quot  n quot

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Code from Apache Commons Lang 3 4  JavaDoc    public static String getStackTrace final Throwable throwable        final StringWriter sw   new StringWriter        final PrintWriter pw   new PrintWriter sw  true       throwable printStackTrace pw       return sw getBuffer   toString        The difference with the other answers is that it uses autoFlush on the PrintWriter

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Print the stack trace to a PrintStream  then convert it to a String           catch  Exception e        ByteArrayOutputStream out   new ByteArrayOutputStream         e printStackTrace new PrintStream out        String str   new String out toByteArray          System out println str

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Old question  but I would just like to add the special case where you don t want to print all the stack   by removing some parts you are not actually interested in  excluding certain classes or packages    Instead of a PrintWriter use a SelectivePrintWriter      This filters out this package and up  String packageNameToFilter    org springframework    StringWriter sw   new StringWriter    PrintWriter pw   new SelectivePrintWriter sw  packageNameToFilter   e printStackTrace pw   String sStackTrace   sw toString     System out println sStackTrace     Where the SelectivePrintWriter class is given by   public class SelectivePrintWriter extends PrintWriter       private boolean on   true      private static final String AT     tat       private String internal       public SelectivePrintWriter Writer out  String packageOrClassName            super out           internal     tat     packageOrClassName             public void println Object obj            if  obj instanceof String                String txt    String  obj              if   txt startsWith AT   on   true              else if  txt startsWith internal   on   false              if  on  super println txt             else               super println obj                       Please note this class may be easily adapted to filter out by Regex  contains or other criteria  Also note it depends upon Throwable implementation details  not likely to change  but still

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Kotlin  Extending the Throwable class will give you the String property error stackTraceString   val Throwable stackTraceString  String   get         val sw   StringWriter       val pw   PrintWriter sw      this printStackTrace pw      return sw toString

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WARNING  Does not include cause  which is usually the useful bit    public String stackTraceToString Throwable e        StringBuilder sb   new StringBuilder        for  StackTraceElement element   e getStackTrace              sb append element toString             sb append   n              return sb toString

[java] How can I convert a stack trace to a string?

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