How to capitalize the first character of each word in a string

Question

Is there a function built into Java that capitalizes the first character of each word in a String  and does not affect the others   Examples    jon skeet -  Jon Skeet miles o Brien -  Miles O Brien  B remains capital  this rules out Title Case  old mcdonald -  Old Mcdonald      Old McDonald would be find too  but I don t expect it to be THAT smart    A quick look at the Java String Documentation reveals only toUpperCase   and toLowerCase    which of course do not provide the desired behavior  Naturally  Google results are dominated by those two functions  It seems like a wheel that must have been invented already  so it couldn t hurt to ask so I can use it in the future

User · Answer

I had a requirement to make a generic toString(Object obj) helper class function, where I had to convert the fieldnames into methodnames - getXXX() of the passed Object.

Here is the code

/**
 * @author DPARASOU
 * Utility method to replace the first char of a string with uppercase but leave other chars as it is.
 * ToString() 
 * @param inStr - String
 * @return String
 */
public static String firstCaps(String inStr)
{
    if (inStr != null && inStr.length() > 0)
    {
        char[] outStr = inStr.toCharArray();
        outStr[0] = Character.toUpperCase(outStr[0]);
        return String.valueOf(outStr);
    }
    else
        return inStr;
}

And my toString() utility is like this

public static String getToString(Object obj)
{
    StringBuilder toString = new StringBuilder();
    toString.append(obj.getClass().getSimpleName());
    toString.append("[");
    for(Field f : obj.getClass().getDeclaredFields())
    {
        toString.append(f.getName());
        toString.append("=");
        try{
            //toString.append(f.get(obj)); //access privilege issue
            toString.append(invokeGetter(obj, firstCaps(f.getName()), "get"));
        }
        catch(Exception e)
        {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        toString.append(", ");        
    }
    toString.setCharAt(toString.length()-2, ']');
    return toString.toString();
}

User · Answer

This is just another way of doing it   private String capitalize String line        StringTokenizer token  new StringTokenizer line       String CapLine         while token hasMoreTokens                  String tok   token nextToken   toString            CapLine    Character toUpperCase tok charAt 0    tok substring 1                         return CapLine substring 0 CapLine length  -1

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This might be useful if you need to capitalize titles  It capitalizes each substring delimited by      except for specified strings such as  a  or  the   I haven t ran it yet because it s late  should be fine though  Uses Apache Commons StringUtils join   at one point  You can substitute it with a simple loop if you wish   private static String capitalize String string        if  string    null  return null      String   wordArray   string split          Split string to analyze word by word      int i   0  lowercase      for  String word   wordArray            if  word    wordArray 0        First word always in capital             String    lowercaseWords     a    an    as    and    although    at    because    but    by    for    in    nor    of    on    or    so    the    to    up    yet                for  String word2   lowercaseWords                    if  word equals word2                         wordArray i    word                      i                        continue lowercase                                                    char   characterArray   word toCharArray            characterArray 0    Character toTitleCase characterArray 0            wordArray i    new String characterArray           i              return StringUtils join wordArray           Re-join string

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With this simple code   String example  hello    example example substring 0 1  toUpperCase   example substring 1  example length      System out println example     Result  Hello

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s toLowerCase   trim        result    Character toUpperCase s charAt 0        result    s substring 1  s indexOf        1       s   s substring s indexOf        1        do           if  s contains                     result                     result    Character toUpperCase s charAt 0                result    s substring 1  s indexOf                    s   s substring s indexOf        1             else               result                     result    Character toUpperCase s charAt 0                result    s substring 1               break                  while  true       System out println result

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The short and precise way is as follows    String name    test    name    name length      0   name toString   toLowerCase   substring 0 1  toUpperCase   concat name substring 1    name     -------------------- Output -------------------- Test T  empty --------------------    It works without error if you try and change the name value to the three of values  Error free

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The following method converts all the letters into upper lower case  depending on their position near a space or other special chars   public static String capitalizeString String string      char   chars   string toLowerCase   toCharArray      boolean found   false    for  int i   0  i  lt  chars length  i          if   found  amp  amp  Character isLetter chars i            chars i    Character toUpperCase chars i          found   true        else if  Character isWhitespace chars i      chars i          chars i              You can add other chars here       found   false              return String valueOf chars

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Here we go for perfect first char capitalization of word  public static void main String   args        String input   my name is ranjan       String   inputArr   input split            for String word   inputArr            System out println word substring 0  1  toUpperCase   word substring 1 word length                        Output   My Name Is Ranjan

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Try this very simple way  example givenString  ram is good boy   public static String toTitleCase String givenString        String   arr   givenString split           StringBuffer sb   new StringBuffer         for  int i   0  i  lt  arr length  i              sb append Character toUpperCase arr i  charAt 0                 append arr i  substring 1   append                           return sb toString   trim          Output will be  Ram Is Good Boy

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public static void main String   args  throws IOException       String words    this is a test        System out println Arrays asList words split       stream   reduce     a  b - gt  a         b substring 0  1  toUpperCase     b substring 1

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public static String toTitleCase String word       return Character toUpperCase word charAt 0     word substring 1      public static void main String   args       String phrase    this is to be title cased       String   splitPhrase   phrase split           String result            for String word  splitPhrase           result    toTitleCase word                   System out println result trim

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Here is a simple function  public static String capEachWord String source       String result           String   splitString   source split           for String target   splitString           result    Character toUpperCase target charAt 0                     target substring 1                   return result trim

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For those of you using Velocity in your MVC  you can use the capitalizeFirstLetter   method from the StringUtils class

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Here is my solution   I ran across this problem tonight and decided to search it  I found an answer by Neelam Singh that was almost there  so I decided to fix the issue  broke on empty strings  and caused a system crash   The method you are looking for is named capString String s  below   It turns  It s only 5am here  into  It s Only 5am Here     The code is pretty well commented  so enjoy   package com lincolnwdaniel interactivestory model       public class StringS                    param s is a string of any length  ideally only one word         return a capitalized string         only the first letter of the string is made to uppercase             public static String capSingleWord String s            if s isEmpty      s length   lt 2                return Character toUpperCase s charAt 0                          else               return Character toUpperCase s charAt 0     s substring 1                                           param s is a string of any length         return a title cased string         All first letter of each word is made to uppercase             public static String capString String s               Check if the string is empty  if it is  return it immediately         if s isEmpty                 return s                        Split string on space and create array of words         String   arr   s split                  Create a string buffer to hold the new capitalized string         StringBuffer sb   new StringBuffer                Check if the array is empty  would be caused by the passage of s as an empty string  i g    or                  If it is  return the original string immediately         if  arr length  lt  1                return s                     for  int i   0  i  lt  arr length  i                  sb append Character toUpperCase arr i  charAt 0                         append arr i  substring 1   append                         return sb toString   trim

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String toBeCapped    i want this sentence capitalized    String   tokens   toBeCapped split    s    toBeCapped        for int i   0  i  lt  tokens length  i         char capLetter   Character toUpperCase tokens i  charAt 0        toBeCapped           capLetter   tokens i  substring 1     toBeCapped   toBeCapped trim

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String text  hello   StringBuffer sb new StringBuffer    char   ch text toCharArray    for int i 0 i lt ch length i         if i  0           sb append Character toUpperCase ch i               else      sb append ch i              text sb toString    System out println text

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Here is the Kotlin version of the same problem   fun capitalizeFirstLetterOfEveryWord text  String   String       if  text isEmpty      text isBlank                  return               if  text length    1                return Character toUpperCase text 0   toString              val textArray   text split          val stringBuilder   StringBuilder        for   index  item  in textArray withIndex                     If item is empty string  continue to next item         if  item isEmpty                          continue                    stringBuilder              append Character toUpperCase item 0                If the item has only one character then continue to next item because we have already capitalized it          if  item length    1                        continue                    for  i in 1 until item length                        stringBuilder                  append Character toLowerCase item i                       if  index  lt  textArray lastIndex                        stringBuilder                  append                           return stringBuilder toString

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Since nobody used regexp s let s do it with regexp s  This solution is for fun      update  actually I just discovered that there is an answer with regexps  anyway I would like to leave this answer in place since it is better looking        public class Capitol        public static String now String str                StringBuffer b   new StringBuffer            Pattern p   Pattern compile    b   w  1             Matcher m   p matcher str           while  m find                          String s   m group 1               m appendReplacement b  s toUpperCase                       m appendTail b           return b toString              Usage   Capitol now  ab cd     Capitol now  winnie the Pooh     Capitol now  please talk loudly      Capitol now  miles o Brien

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this is another way i did      StringBuilder str new StringBuilder  pirai sudie test test         str setCharAt 0 Character toUpperCase str charAt 0          for int i str length  -1 i gt  0 i--                if Character isSpaceChar str charAt i                str setCharAt i 1 Character toUpperCase str charAt i 1                System out println str

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Reusable method for intiCap       public class YarlagaddaSireeshTest       public static void main String   args            String FinalStringIs               String testNames    sireesh yarlagadda test           String   name   testNames split    s             for String nameIs  name               FinalStringIs    getIntiCapString nameIs                           System out println  Final Result    FinalStringIs              public static String getIntiCapString String param            if param    null  amp  amp  param length   gt 0                         char   charArray   param toCharArray                 charArray 0    Character toUpperCase charArray 0                 return new String charArray                      else               return

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I made this little class that can be used to capitilize each word in a sentence  You can change the word separator in the string if this is not a space   package com ecnews ecnews v01 Helpers     public class Capitalize      String sentence    String separator           public Capitalize String sentence        this sentence   sentence         public void setSeparator String separator        this separator   separator         public String getCapitalized         StringBuilder capitalized   new StringBuilder          for  String word   sentence split separator             capitalized append separator Character toUpperCase word charAt 0     word substring 1              return capitalized toString   trim             Example   String sourceName   new Capitalize  this is a test   getCapitalized     sourceName will be  This Is A Test

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So simple and basic  public void capalizedFirstCharOne String str       char   charArray str toCharArray        charArray 0  Character toUpperCase charArray 0        for int i 1 i lt charArray length i             if charArray i                      charArray i 1  Character toUpperCase charArray i 1                         String result new String charArray       System out println result

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There are many way to convert the first letter of the first word being capitalized  I have an idea  It s very simple   public String capitalize String str            The first thing we do is remove whitespace from string         String c   str replaceAll    s               String s   c trim         String l             for int i   0  i  lt  s length    i               if i    0                                   Uppercase the first letter in strings                  l    s toUpperCase   charAt i                 i                                       To i   i   1 because we don t need to add                                                                    value i   0 into string l                           l    s charAt i              if s charAt i     32                        If we meet whitespace  32 in ASCII Code is whitespace                   l    s toUpperCase   charAt i 1         Uppercase the letter after whitespace                  i                                       Yo i   i   1 because we don t need to add                                                    value whitespace into string l                                    return l

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Using org apache commons lang StringUtils makes it very simple   capitalizeStr   StringUtils capitalize str

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Here is RxJava solution to the problem      String title    this is a title       StringBuilder stringBuilder   new StringBuilder        Observable fromArray title trim   split    s             map word - gt  word substring 0  1  toUpperCase     word substring 1  toLowerCase             toList            map wordList - gt                for  String word   wordList                    stringBuilder append word  append                                 return stringBuilder toString                        subscribe result - gt  System out println result      I don t yet like the for loop inside map though

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From Java 9  you can use String  replaceAll like this   public static void upperCaseAllFirstCharacter String text        String regex    quot   b          b quot       String result   Pattern compile regex  matcher text  replaceAll              matche - gt  matche group 1  toUpperCase     matche group 2              System out println result      Example   upperCaseAllFirstCharacter  quot hello this is Just a test quot     Outputs Hello This Is Just A Test

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If you prefer Guava     String myString         String capWords   Joiner on      join Iterables transform Splitter on      omitEmptyStrings   split myString   new Function lt String  String gt          public String apply String input            return Character toUpperCase input charAt 0     input substring 1

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I decided to add one more solution for capitalizing words in a string    words are defined here as adjacent letter-or-digit characters  surrogate pairs are provided as well  the code has been optimized for performance  and it is still compact    Function   public static String capitalize String string      final int sl   string length      final StringBuilder sb   new StringBuilder sl     boolean lod   false    for int s   0  s  lt  sl  s          final int cp   string codePointAt s       sb appendCodePoint lod   Character toLowerCase cp    Character toUpperCase cp        lod   Character isLetterOrDigit cp       if  Character isBmpCodePoint cp   s          return sb toString        Example call   System out println capitalize  An    la carte StRiNg  Surrogate pairs          Result   An    La Carte String  Surrogate Pairs

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I made a solution in Java 8 that is IMHO more readable   public String firstLetterCapitalWithSingleSpace final String words        return Stream of words trim   split    s         filter word - gt  word length    gt  0       map word - gt  word substring 0  1  toUpperCase     word substring 1        collect Collectors joining            The Gist for this solution can be found here  https   gist github com Hylke1982 166a792313c5e2df9d31

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Simple answer by program    public class StringCamelCase       public static void main String   args            String   articles     the     a     one     some     any             String   result   new String articles length           int i   0          for  String string   articles                result i      toUpercaseForstChar string                      for  String string   result                System out println string                       public static String toUpercaseForstChar String string           return new String new char   string charAt 0    toUpperCase     string substring 1 string length

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I use wordUppercase String s  from the Raindrop-Library  Because this is my library  here the single method            Set set first letter from every word uppercase           param s - The String wich you want to convert       return The string where is the first letter of every word uppercase        public static String wordUppercase String s      String   words   s split          for  int i   0  i  lt  words length  i    words i    words i  substring 0  1  toUpperCase     words i  substring 1  toLowerCase       return String join      words        Hope it helps

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I m using the following function  I think it is faster in performance   public static String capitalize String text       String c    text    null   text trim             String   words   c split           String result           for String w   words           result     w length    gt  1  w substring 0  1  toUpperCase Locale US    w substring 1  w length    toLowerCase Locale US    w                   return result trim

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package com test              author Prasanth Pillai       date 01-Feb-2012       description   Below is the test class details            inputs a String from a user  Expect the String to contain spaces and    alphanumeric     characters only       capitalizes all first letters of the words in the given String       preserves all other characters  including spaces  in the String       displays the result to the user             Approach   I have followed a simple approach  However there are many string    utilities available       for the same purpose  Example   WordUtils capitalize str   from apache commons-lang               import java io BufferedReader    import java io IOException    import java io InputStreamReader     public class Test    public static void main String   args  throws IOException      System out println  Input String   n        InputStreamReader converter   new InputStreamReader System in       BufferedReader in   new BufferedReader converter       String inputString   in readLine        int length   inputString length        StringBuffer newStr   new StringBuffer 0       int i   0      int k   0         This is a simple approach        step 1  scan through the input string        step 2  capitalize the first letter of each word in string        The integer k  is used as a value to determine whether the         letter is the first letter in each word in the string               while  i  lt  length           if  Character isLetter inputString charAt i                 if   k    0               newStr   newStr append Character toUpperCase inputString charAt i                 k   2                 this else loop is to avoid repeatation of the first letter in output string              else               newStr   newStr append inputString charAt i                               for the letters which are not first letter  simply append to the output string           else               newStr   newStr append inputString charAt i                k 0                    i  1                       System out println  new String - gt   newStr

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The most basic and easiest way to understand  I think    import java util Scanner   public class ToUpperCase       static Scanner kb   new Scanner System in        public static String capitalize String str              Changes 1st letter of every word             in a string to upper case                     String   ss   str split               StringBuilder   sb   new StringBuilder ss length           StringBuilder capped   new StringBuilder              str                   Capitalise letters         for  int i   0  i  lt  ss length  i                 sb i    new StringBuilder ss i       Construct and assign             str    Character toUpperCase ss i  charAt 0       Only caps                                                                                        Replace 1st letters with cap letters             sb i  setCharAt 0  str charAt i                 capped append sb i  toString               Formatting                   return capped toString               public static void main String   args           System out println capitalize kb nextLine

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Heres a lil program I was using to capitalize each first letter word in every subfolder of a parent directory   private void capitalize String string        List lt String gt  delimiters   new ArrayList lt  gt         delimiters add           delimiters add            File folder   new File string       String name   folder getName        String   characters   name split           String newName           boolean capitalizeNext   false       for  int i   0  i  lt  characters length  i                  String character   characters i            if  capitalizeNext    i    0                        newName    character toUpperCase                capitalizeNext   false                    else                       if  delimiters contains character   capitalizeNext   true              newName    character                       folder renameTo new File folder getParent     File separator   newName

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Try this    private String capitalizer String word            String   words   word split               StringBuilder sb   new StringBuilder            if  words 0  length    gt  0                sb append Character toUpperCase words 0  charAt 0     words 0  subSequence 1  words 0  length    toString   toLowerCase                 for  int i   1  i  lt  words length  i                      sb append                       sb append Character toUpperCase words i  charAt 0     words i  subSequence 1  words i  length    toString   toLowerCase                                     return  sb toString

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BufferedReader br   new BufferedReader new InputStreamReader System in        System out println  Enter the sentence        try       String str   br readLine        char   str1   new char str length          for int i 0  i lt str length    i                  str1 i    Character toLowerCase str charAt i               str1 0    Character toUpperCase str1 0        for int i 0 i lt str length   i                  if str1 i                                                   str1 i 1     Character toUpperCase str1 i 1                      System out print str1 i            catch Exception e        System err println  Error      e getMessage

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Use       String text    jon skeet  miles o brien  old mcdonald        Pattern pattern   Pattern compile    b  a-z      w           Matcher matcher   pattern matcher text       StringBuffer buffer   new StringBuffer        while  matcher find              matcher appendReplacement buffer  matcher group 1  toUpperCase     matcher group 2              String capitalized   matcher appendTail buffer  toString        System out println capitalized

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I just want to add an alternative solution for the problem by using only Java code  No extra library   public String Capitalize String str                 String tt                   String tempString                   String tempName   str trim   toLowerCase                String   tempNameArr   tempName split                   System out println  The size is     tempNameArr length               if  tempNameArr length  gt  1                    for  String t   tempNameArr                        tt    Capitalize t                       tt                                           tempString    tt                else                   tempString   tempName replaceFirst String valueOf tempName charAt 0    String valueOf tempName charAt 0   toUpperCase                               return tempString trim

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WordUtils capitalize str   from apache commons-text    Note  if you need  fOO BAr  to become  Foo Bar   then use capitalizeFully     instead

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import java io    public class Upch2      BufferedReader br  new BufferedReader  new InputStreamReader System in       public void main  throws IOException                System out println  Pl  Enter A Line            String s br readLine            String s1              s     s          int len s length            s  s toLowerCase            for int j 1 j lt len j                          char  ch s charAt j               if s charAt j-1                                  ch Character toLowerCase  s charAt j                             else                           ch Character toUpperCase  s charAt j                               s1 s1 ch                   System out println     s1

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package corejava string intern   import java io DataInputStream   import java util ArrayList         wap to accept only 3 sentences and convert first character of each word into upper case      public class Accept3Lines FirstCharUppercase        static String line      static String words        static ArrayList lt String gt  list new ArrayList lt String gt                      param args             public static void main String   args  throws java lang Exception           DataInputStream read new DataInputStream System in           System out println  Enter only three sentences            int i 0          while  line read readLine     null               method line           main logic of the code             if  i     2                   break                                  display            System out println   n End of the program                          this will display all the elements in an array             public static void display            for String display list               System out println display                                  this divide the line of string into words         and first char of the each word is converted to upper case        and to an array list             public static void method String lineParam           words line split    s            for String s words               String result s substring 0 1  toUpperCase   s substring 1               list add result

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This one works for the surname case     With different types of separators  and it keeps the same separator    jean-frederic  --  Jean-Frederic jean frederic  --  Jean Frederic   The code works with the GWT client side   public static String capitalize  String givenString        String Separateur       -        StringBuffer sb   new StringBuffer         boolean ToCap   true      for  int i   0  i  lt  givenString length    i              if  ToCap                            sb append Character toUpperCase givenString charAt i             else             sb append Character toLowerCase givenString charAt i              if  Separateur indexOf givenString charAt i    gt  0               ToCap   true          else             ToCap   false                      return sb toString   trim

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1  Java 8 Streams  public static String capitalizeAll String str        if  str    null    str isEmpty              return str             return Arrays stream str split    s                  map t - gt  t substring 0  1  toUpperCase     t substring 1                collect Collectors joining            Examples   System out println capitalizeAll  jon skeet        Jon Skeet System out println capitalizeAll  miles o Brien        Miles O Brien System out println capitalizeAll  old mcdonald        Old Mcdonald System out println capitalizeAll null       null   For foo bAR to Foo Bar  replace the map   method with the following    map t - gt  t substring 0  1  toUpperCase     t substring 1  toLowerCase      2  String replaceAll    Java 9    ublic static String capitalizeAll String str        if  str    null    str isEmpty              return str             return Pattern compile    b          b                matcher str               replaceAll match - gt  match group 1  toUpperCase     match group 2        Examples   System out println capitalizeAll  12 ways to learn java        12 Ways To Learn Java System out println capitalizeAll  i am atta        I Am Atta System out println capitalizeAll null       null   3  Apache Commons Text  System out println WordUtils capitalize  love is everywhere        Love Is Everywhere System out println WordUtils capitalize  sky  sky  blue sky         Sky  Sky  Blue Sky  System out println WordUtils capitalize null       null   For titlecase   System out println WordUtils capitalizeFully  fOO bAR        Foo Bar System out println WordUtils capitalizeFully  sKy is BLUE         Sky Is Blue    For details  checkout this tutorial

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Use the Split method to split your string into words  then use the built in string functions to capitalize each word  then append together    Pseudo-code  ish   string    the sentence you want to apply caps to   words   string split       string      for String w  words     This line is an easy way to capitalize a word     word   word toUpperCase   replace word substring 1   word substring 1  toLowerCase         string    word   In the end string looks something like  The Sentence You Want To Apply Caps To

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You can also do it very simply like this and preserve any doubled and leading  trailing whitespaces   public static String capitalizeWords String text         StringBuilder sb   new StringBuilder        if text length   gt 0           sb append Character toUpperCase text charAt 0               for  int i 1  i lt text length    i             String chPrev   String valueOf text charAt i-1            String ch   String valueOf text charAt i             if Objects equals chPrev                     sb append ch toUpperCase              else               sb append ch                         return sb toString

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String toUpperCaseFirstLetterOnly String str        String   words   str split           StringBuilder ret   new StringBuilder        for int i   0  i  lt  words length  i              ret append Character toUpperCase words i  charAt 0             ret append words i  substring 1            if i  lt  words length - 1                ret append                           return ret toString

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public void capitaliseFirstLetterOfEachWord         String value  this will capitalise first character of each word of this string       String   wordSplit value split           StringBuilder sb new StringBuilder         for  int i 0 i lt wordSplit length i              sb append wordSplit i  substring 0 1  toUpperCase                    concat wordSplit i  substring 1   concat                  System out println sb

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If you re only worried about the first letter of the first word being capitalized   private String capitalize final String line       return Character toUpperCase line charAt 0     line substring 1

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String s  hi dude i                                 want apple       s   s replaceAll    s             String   split   s split           s         for  int i   0  i  lt  split length  i              split i  Character toUpperCase split i  charAt 0   split i  substring 1           s  split i               System out println split i              System out println s

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I ve written a small Class to capitalize all the words in a String    Optional multiple delimiters  each one with its behavior  capitalize before  after  or both  to handle cases like O Brian    Optional Locale    Don t breaks with Surrogate Pairs   LIVE DEMO  Output                                           SIMPLE USAGE                                      Source  cApItAlIzE this string after WHITE SPACES Output  Capitalize This String After White Spaces                                        SINGLE CUSTOM-DELIMITER USAGE                                      Source  capitalize this string ONLY before and  after   APEX Output  Capitalize this string only beforE AnD  AfteR   Apex                                        MULTIPLE CUSTOM-DELIMITER USAGE                                      Source  capitalize this string AFTER SPACES  BEFORE APEX  and  AFTER AND BEFORE  NUMBER SIGN     Output  Capitalize This String After Spaces  BeforE apex  And  After And BeforE  Number Sign                                            SIMPLE USAGE WITH CUSTOM LOCALE                                      Source  Uniforming the first and last vowels  different kind of  i s  of the Turkish word D I YARBAK I R  DIYARBAKIR   Output  Uniforming The First And Last Vowels  different Kind Of  i s  Of The Turkish Word D i yarbak i r  diyarbakir                                          SIMPLE USAGE WITH A SURROGATE PAIR                                       Source  ab c de    Output  Ab c De       Note  first letter will always be capitalized  edit the source if you don t want that    Please share your comments and help me to found bugs or to improve the code      Code   import java util ArrayList  import java util Date  import java util List  import java util Locale   public class WordsCapitalizer        public static String capitalizeEveryWord String source            return capitalizeEveryWord source null null              public static String capitalizeEveryWord String source  Locale locale            return capitalizeEveryWord source null locale              public static String capitalizeEveryWord String source  List lt Delimiter gt  delimiters  Locale locale            char   chars            if  delimiters    null    delimiters size      0              delimiters   getDefaultDelimiters                                If Locale specified  i18n toLowerCase is executed  to handle specific behaviors  eg  Turkish dotted and dotless  i           if  locale  null              chars   source toLowerCase locale  toCharArray            else              chars   source toLowerCase   toCharArray                First charachter ALWAYS capitalized  if it is a Letter          if  chars length gt 0  amp  amp  Character isLetter chars 0    amp  amp   isSurrogate chars 0                 chars 0    Character toUpperCase chars 0                       for  int i   0  i  lt  chars length  i                  if   isSurrogate chars i    amp  amp   Character isLetter chars i                         Current char is not a Letter  gonna check if it is a delimitrer                  for  Delimiter delimiter   delimiters                       if  delimiter getDelimiter    chars i                               Delimiter found  applying rules                                                   if  delimiter capitalizeBefore    amp  amp  i gt 0                               amp  amp  Character isLetter chars i-1    amp  amp   isSurrogate chars i-1                                   previous character is a Letter and I have to capitalize it                             chars i-1    Character toUpperCase chars i-1                                                      if  delimiter capitalizeAfter    amp  amp  i lt chars length-1                               amp  amp  Character isLetter chars i 1    amp  amp   isSurrogate chars i 1                                   next character is a Letter and I have to capitalize it                             chars i 1    Character toUpperCase chars i 1                                                      break                                                                           return String valueOf chars               private static boolean isSurrogate char chr              Check if the current character is part of an UTF-16 Surrogate Pair               Note  not validating the pair  just used to bypass  any found part of  it          return  Character isHighSurrogate chr     Character isLowSurrogate chr                      private static List lt Delimiter gt  getDefaultDelimiters               If no delimiter specified   Capitalize after space  rule is set by default           List lt Delimiter gt  delimiters   new ArrayList lt Delimiter gt             delimiters add new Delimiter Behavior CAPITALIZE AFTER MARKER                 return delimiters              public static class Delimiter           private Behavior behavior          private char delimiter           public Delimiter Behavior behavior  char delimiter                super                this behavior   behavior              this delimiter   delimiter                     public boolean capitalizeBefore                return  behavior equals Behavior CAPITALIZE BEFORE MARKER                         behavior equals Behavior CAPITALIZE BEFORE AND AFTER MARKER                       public boolean capitalizeAfter                return  behavior equals Behavior CAPITALIZE AFTER MARKER                         behavior equals Behavior CAPITALIZE BEFORE AND AFTER MARKER                       public char getDelimiter                 return delimiter                       public static enum Behavior           CAPITALIZE AFTER MARKER 0           CAPITALIZE BEFORE MARKER 1           CAPITALIZE BEFORE AND AFTER MARKER 2                                  private int value                     private Behavior int value                this value   value                     public int getValue                 return value

[java] How to capitalize the first character of each word in a string

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