[sql-server] How do I list all tables in all databases in SQL Server in a single result set?

Here's a tutorial providing a T-SQL script that will return the following fields for each table from each database located in a SQL Server Instance:

1. ServerName
2. DatabaseName
3. SchemaName
4. TableName
5. ColumnName
6. KeyType

https://tidbytez.com/2015/06/01/map-the-table-structure-of-a-sql-server-database/

/*
SCRIPT UPDATED
20180316
*/

USE [master]
GO

/*DROP TEMP TABLES IF THEY EXIST*/
IF OBJECT_ID('tempdb..#DatabaseList') IS NOT NULL
    DROP TABLE #DatabaseList;

IF OBJECT_ID('tempdb..#TableStructure') IS NOT NULL
    DROP TABLE #TableStructure;

IF OBJECT_ID('tempdb..#ErrorTable') IS NOT NULL
    DROP TABLE #ErrorTable;

IF OBJECT_ID('tempdb..#MappedServer') IS NOT NULL
    DROP TABLE #MappedServer;

DECLARE @ServerName AS SYSNAME

SET @ServerName = @@SERVERNAME

CREATE TABLE #DatabaseList (
    Id INT NOT NULL IDENTITY(1, 1) PRIMARY KEY
    ,ServerName SYSNAME
    ,DbName SYSNAME
    );

CREATE TABLE [#TableStructure] (
    [DbName] SYSNAME
    ,[SchemaName] SYSNAME
    ,[TableName] SYSNAME
    ,[ColumnName] SYSNAME
    ,[KeyType] CHAR(7)
    ) ON [PRIMARY];

/*THE ERROR TABLE WILL STORE THE DYNAMIC SQL THAT DID NOT WORK*/
CREATE TABLE [#ErrorTable] ([SqlCommand] VARCHAR(MAX)) ON [PRIMARY];

/*
A LIST OF DISTINCT DATABASE NAMES IS CREATED
THESE TWO COLUMNS ARE STORED IN THE #DatabaseList TEMP TABLE
THIS TABLE IS USED IN A FOR LOOP TO GET EACH DATABASE NAME
*/
INSERT INTO #DatabaseList (
    ServerName
    ,DbName
    )
SELECT @ServerName
    ,NAME AS DbName
FROM master.dbo.sysdatabases WITH (NOLOCK)
WHERE NAME <> 'tempdb'
ORDER BY NAME ASC

/*VARIABLES ARE DECLARED FOR USE IN THE FOLLOWING FOR LOOP*/
DECLARE @sqlCommand AS VARCHAR(MAX)
DECLARE @DbName AS SYSNAME
DECLARE @i AS INT
DECLARE @z AS INT

SET @i = 1
SET @z = (
        SELECT COUNT(*) + 1
        FROM #DatabaseList
        )

/*WHILE 1 IS LESS THAN THE NUMBER OF DATABASE NAMES IN #DatabaseList*/
WHILE @i < @z
BEGIN
    /*GET NEW DATABASE NAME*/
    SET @DbName = (
            SELECT [DbName]
            FROM #DatabaseList
            WHERE Id = @i
            )
    /*CREATE DYNAMIC SQL TO GET EACH TABLE NAME AND COLUMN NAME FROM EACH DATABASE*/
    SET @sqlCommand = 'USE [' + @DbName + '];' + '

INSERT INTO [#TableStructure]
SELECT DISTINCT' + '''' + @DbName + '''' + ' AS DbName
    ,SCHEMA_NAME(SCHEMA_ID) AS SchemaName
    ,T.NAME AS TableName    
    ,C.NAME AS ColumnName
    ,CASE 
        WHEN OBJECTPROPERTY(OBJECT_ID(iskcu.CONSTRAINT_NAME), ''IsPrimaryKey'') = 1 
            THEN ''Primary'' 
        WHEN OBJECTPROPERTY(OBJECT_ID(iskcu.CONSTRAINT_NAME), ''IsForeignKey'') = 1 
            THEN ''Foreign''
        ELSE NULL 
        END AS ''KeyType''
FROM SYS.TABLES AS t WITH (NOLOCK)
INNER JOIN SYS.COLUMNS C ON T.OBJECT_ID = C.OBJECT_ID
LEFT JOIN INFORMATION_SCHEMA.KEY_COLUMN_USAGE AS iskcu WITH (NOLOCK) 
ON SCHEMA_NAME(SCHEMA_ID) = iskcu.TABLE_SCHEMA 
    AND T.NAME = iskcu.TABLE_NAME
    AND C.NAME = iskcu.COLUMN_NAME
ORDER BY SchemaName ASC
    ,TableName ASC
    ,ColumnName ASC;
';

    /*ERROR HANDLING*/
    BEGIN TRY
        EXEC (@sqlCommand)
    END TRY

    BEGIN CATCH
        INSERT INTO #ErrorTable
        SELECT (@sqlCommand)
    END CATCH

    SET @i = @i + 1
END

/*
JOIN THE TEMP TABLES TOGETHER TO CREATE A MAPPED STRUCTURE OF THE SERVER
ADDITIONAL FIELDS ARE ADDED TO MAKE SELECTING TABLES AND FIELDS EASIER
*/
SELECT DISTINCT @@SERVERNAME AS ServerName
    ,DL.DbName
    ,TS.SchemaName
    ,TS.TableName
    ,TS.ColumnName
    ,TS.[KeyType]
    ,',' + QUOTENAME(TS.ColumnName) AS BracketedColumn
    ,',' + QUOTENAME(TS.TableName) + '.' + QUOTENAME(TS.ColumnName) AS BracketedTableAndColumn
    ,'SELECT * FROM ' + QUOTENAME(DL.DbName) + '.' + QUOTENAME(TS.SchemaName) + '.' + QUOTENAME(TS.TableName) + '--WHERE --GROUP BY --HAVING --ORDER BY' AS [SelectTable]
    ,'SELECT ' + QUOTENAME(TS.TableName) + '.' + QUOTENAME(TS.ColumnName) + ' FROM ' + QUOTENAME(DL.DbName) + '.' + QUOTENAME(TS.SchemaName) + '.' + QUOTENAME(TS.TableName) + '--WHERE --GROUP BY --HAVING --ORDER BY' AS [SelectColumn]
INTO #MappedServer
FROM [#DatabaseList] AS DL
INNER JOIN [#TableStructure] AS TS ON DL.DbName = TS.DbName
ORDER BY DL.DbName ASC
    ,TS.SchemaName ASC
    ,TS.TableName ASC
    ,TS.ColumnName ASC

/*
HOUSE KEEPING
*/
IF OBJECT_ID('tempdb..#DatabaseList') IS NOT NULL
    DROP TABLE #DatabaseList;

IF OBJECT_ID('tempdb..#TableStructure') IS NOT NULL
    DROP TABLE #TableStructure;

SELECT *
FROM #ErrorTable;

IF OBJECT_ID('tempdb..#ErrorTable') IS NOT NULL
    DROP TABLE #ErrorTable;

/*
THE DATA RETURNED CAN NOW BE EXPORTED TO EXCEL
USING A FILTERED SEARCH WILL NOW MAKE FINDING FIELDS A VERY EASY PROCESS
*/
SELECT ServerName
    ,DbName
    ,SchemaName
    ,TableName
    ,ColumnName
    ,KeyType
    ,BracketedColumn
    ,BracketedTableAndColumn
    ,SelectColumn
    ,SelectTable
FROM #MappedServer
ORDER BY DbName ASC
    ,SchemaName ASC
    ,TableName ASC
    ,ColumnName ASC;