Assuming a list like below - and assuming some of the options were selected ... (this is a multi select, but this will also work on a single select.
<select multiple='multiple' id='selectListName'>
<option>1</option>
<option>2</option>
<option>3</option>
<option>4</option>
</select>
In some function called based on some event, the following code would clear all selected options.
$("#selectListName").prop('selectedIndex', -1);