You are mixing pointers and arrays. If what you want is an array, then use an array:
struct test {
static int data[10]; // array, not pointer!
};
int test::data[10] = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 };
If on the other hand you want a pointer, the simplest solution is to write a helper function in the translation unit that defines the member:
struct test {
static int *data;
};
// cpp
static int* generate_data() { // static here is "internal linkage"
int * p = new int[10];
for ( int i = 0; i < 10; ++i ) p[i] = 10*i;
return p;
}
int *test::data = generate_data();