In Android how do I set margins in dp programmatically

Question

In this  this and this thread I tried to find an answer on how to set the margins on a single view  However  I was wondering if there isn t an easier way  I ll explain why I rather wouldn t want to use this approach   I have a custom Button which extends Button  If the background is set to something else than the default background  by calling either setBackgroundResource int id  or setBackgroundDrawable Drawable d    I want the margins to be 0  If I call this   public void setBackgroundToDefault         backgroundIsDefault   true      super setBackgroundResource android R drawable btn default          Set margins somehow     I want the margins to reset to -3dp  I already read here how to convert from pixels to dp  so once I know how to set margins in px  I can manage the conversion myself   But since this is called in the CustomButton class  the parent can vary from LinearLayout to TableLayout  and I d rather not have him get his parent and check the instanceof that parent  That ll also be quite inperformant  I imagine   Also  when calling  using LayoutParams  parentLayout addView myCustomButton  newParams   I don t know if this adds it to the correct position  haven t tried however   say the middle button of a row of five   Question  Is there any easier way to set the margin of a single Button programmatically besides using LayoutParams   EDIT  I know of the LayoutParams way  but I d like a solution that avoids handling each different container type   ViewGroup LayoutParams p   this getLayoutParams        if  p instanceof LinearLayout LayoutParams            LinearLayout LayoutParams lp    LinearLayout LayoutParams p          if   default  lp setMargins mc oml  mc omt  mc omr  mc omb           else lp setMargins mc ml  mc mt  mc mr  mc mb           this setLayoutParams lp             else if  p instanceof RelativeLayout LayoutParams            RelativeLayout LayoutParams lp    RelativeLayout LayoutParams p          if   default  lp setMargins mc oml  mc omt  mc omr  mc omb           else lp setMargins mc ml  mc mt  mc mr  mc mb           this setLayoutParams lp             else if  p instanceof TableRow LayoutParams            TableRow LayoutParams lp    TableRow LayoutParams p          if   default  lp setMargins mc oml  mc omt  mc omr  mc omb           else lp setMargins mc ml  mc mt  mc mr  mc mb           this setLayoutParams lp             Because this getLayoutParams   returns a ViewGroup LayoutParams  which do not have the attributes topMargin  bottomMargin  leftMargin  rightMargin  The mc instance you see is just a MarginContainer which contains offset  -3dp  margins and  oml  omr  omt  omb  and the original margins  ml  mr  mt  mb

User · Answer

You can use ViewGroup MarginLayoutParams to set the width  height and margins  ViewGroup MarginLayoutParams marginLayoutParams   new ViewGroup MarginLayoutParams ViewGroup LayoutParams MATCH PARENT  ViewGroup LayoutParams WRAP CONTENT   marginLayoutParams setMargins 0 16 0 16   linearLayout setLayoutParams marginLayoutParams     Where the method setMargins    takes in values for left  top  right  bottom respectively  Clockwise   starting from the left

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Here is the all-in-one answer with recent updates  Step 1  to update margin The basic idea is to get margin out and then update it  The update will be applies automatically and you do not need to set it back  To get the layout parameters  simply call this method  LayoutParams layoutParams    LayoutParams  yourView findViewById R id THE ID  getLayoutParams     The LayoutParams comes from the layout of your view  If the view is from a linear layout  you need to import LinearLayout LayoutParams  If you use relative layout  import LinearLayout LayoutParams   etc  Now  if you set the margin using Layout marginLeft  Right  etc  you need to update margin in this way layoutParams setMargins left  top  right  bottom    If you set margin using the new layout marginStart  you need to update margin in this way layoutParams setMarginStart start   layoutParams setMarginEnd end    Step 2  to update margin in dp All two ways of updating margin above are updating in pixels  You need to do a translation of dp to pixels  float dpRatio   context getResources   getDisplayMetrics   density  int pixelForDp    int dpValue   dpRatio   Now put the calculated value to the above margin update functions and you should be all set

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Best way ever   private void setMargins  View view  int left  int top  int right  int bottom        if  view getLayoutParams   instanceof ViewGroup MarginLayoutParams            ViewGroup MarginLayoutParams p    ViewGroup MarginLayoutParams  view getLayoutParams            p setMargins left  top  right  bottom           view requestLayout              How to call method   setMargins mImageView  50  50  50  50     Hope this will help you

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In my example i am adding an ImageView to a LinearLayout programatically  I have set top and bottom margins to ImagerView  Then adding the ImageView to the LinearLayout             ImageView imageView   new ImageView mContext           imageView setImageBitmap bitmap           LinearLayout LayoutParams params   new LinearLayout LayoutParams                  LinearLayout LayoutParams MATCH PARENT                  LinearLayout LayoutParams WRAP CONTENT                    params setMargins 0  20  0  40           imageView setLayoutParams params           linearLayout addView imageView

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Use this method to set margin in dp  private void setMargins  View view  int left  int top  int right  int bottom        if  view getLayoutParams   instanceof ViewGroup MarginLayoutParams            ViewGroup MarginLayoutParams p    ViewGroup MarginLayoutParams  view getLayoutParams             final float scale   getBaseContext   getResources   getDisplayMetrics   density             convert the DP into pixel         int l     int  left   scale   0 5f           int r     int  right   scale   0 5f           int t     int  top   scale   0 5f           int b     int  bottom   scale   0 5f            p setMargins l  t  r  b           view requestLayout              call the method    setMargins linearLayout 5 0 5 0

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LayoutParams - NOT WORKING        Need use type of  MarginLayoutParams  MarginLayoutParams params    MarginLayoutParams  vector8 getLayoutParams    params width   200  params leftMargin   100  params topMargin   200    Code Example for MarginLayoutParams   http   www codota com android classes android view ViewGroup MarginLayoutParams

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This method will let you set the Margin in DP  public void setMargin Context con ViewGroup LayoutParams params int dp             final float scale   con getResources   getDisplayMetrics   density             convert the DP into pixel         int pixel     int  dp   scale   0 5f             ViewGroup MarginLayoutParams s   ViewGroup MarginLayoutParams params          s setMargins pixel pixel pixel pixel            yourView setLayoutParams params       UPDATE  You can change the parameter that suits your need

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That how I have done in kotlin fun View setTopMargin  DimenRes dimensionResId  Int         layoutParams as ViewGroup MarginLayoutParams  topMargin   resources getDimension dimensionResId  toInt

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In Kotlin it will look like this   val layoutParams    yourView  layoutParams as  MarginLayoutParams  layoutParams  setMargins 40  40  40  40  yourView  layoutParams   layoutParams

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For a quick one-line setup use    LayoutParams  cvHolder getLayoutParams    setMargins 0  0  0  0     but be carfull for any wrong use to LayoutParams  as this will have no if statment instance chech

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You should use LayoutParams to set your button margins   LayoutParams params   new LayoutParams          LayoutParams WRAP CONTENT                LayoutParams WRAP CONTENT    params setMargins left  top  right  bottom   yourbutton setLayoutParams params     Depending on what layout you re using you should use RelativeLayout LayoutParams or LinearLayout LayoutParams   And to convert your dp measure to pixel  try this   Resources r   mContext getResources    int px    int  TypedValue applyDimension          TypedValue COMPLEX UNIT DIP          yourdpmeasure           r getDisplayMetrics

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You have to call   setPadding int left  int top  int right  int bottom    like so  your view setPadding 0 16 0 0   What you are trying to use is only the getter   Android studio shows what padding      actually means in java   padding example  The image shows it only calls getPadding       If you want to add a margin to your TextView you will have to LayoutParams   val params    LinearLayout LayoutParams LinearLayout LayoutParams WRAP CONTENT LinearLayout LayoutParams WRAP CONTENT  params setMargins int left  int top  int right  int bottom  your view layoutParams   params

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You can use this method and put static dimen like 20 it converts according your device     public static int dpToPx int dp                     float scale   context getResources   getDisplayMetrics   density         return  int   dp   scale   0 5f

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FrameLayout LayoutParams  linearLayout getLayoutParams    setMargins 450  20  0  250           linearLayout setBackgroundResource R drawable smartlight background     I had to cast mine to FrameLayout for a linearLayout as it inherits from it and set margins there so the activity appears only on part of the screen along with a different background than the original layout params in the setContentView    LinearLayout linearLayout    LinearLayout  findViewById R id activity   LinearLayout LayoutParams layoutParams   new LinearLayout LayoutParams WindowManager LayoutParams FILL PARENT  WindowManager LayoutParams MATCH PARENT   linearLayout setBackgroundColor getResources   getColor R color full white    setContentView linearLayout layoutParams     None of the others worked for using the same activity and changing the margins based on opening the activity from a different menu  setLayoutParams never worked for me - the device would crash every single time   Even though these are hardcoded numbers - this is only an example of the code for demonstration purposes only

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Created a Kotlin Extension function for those of you who might find it handy   Make sure to pass in pixels not dp  Happy coding     fun View addLayoutMargins left  Int    null  top  Int    null                        right  Int    null  bottom  Int    null        this layoutParams   ViewGroup MarginLayoutParams this layoutParams               apply                   left  let   leftMargin   it                   top  let   topMargin   it                   right  let   rightMargin   it                   bottom  let   bottomMargin   it

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Working utils function using DP for those interested  public static void setMargins Context context  View view  int left  int top  int right  int bottom        int marginLeft    int  TypedValue applyDimension TypedValue COMPLEX UNIT DIP  left  context getResources   getDisplayMetrics         int marginTop    int  TypedValue applyDimension TypedValue COMPLEX UNIT DIP  top  context getResources   getDisplayMetrics         int marginRight    int  TypedValue applyDimension TypedValue COMPLEX UNIT DIP  right  context getResources   getDisplayMetrics         int marginBottom    int  TypedValue applyDimension TypedValue COMPLEX UNIT DIP  bottom  context getResources   getDisplayMetrics          if  view getLayoutParams   instanceof ViewGroup MarginLayoutParams            ViewGroup MarginLayoutParams p    ViewGroup MarginLayoutParams  view getLayoutParams            p setMargins marginLeft  marginTop  marginRight  marginBottom           view requestLayout

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layout margin is a constraint that a view child tell to its parent  However it is the parent s role to choose whether to allow margin or not  Basically by setting android layout margin  10dp   the child is pleading the parent view group to allocate space that is 10dp bigger than its actual size   padding  10dp   on the other hand  means the child view will make its own content 10dp smaller    Consequently  not all ViewGroups respect margin  The most notorious example would be listview  where the margins of items are ignored  Before you call setMargin   to a LayoutParam  you should always make sure that the current view is living in a ViewGroup that supports margin  e g  LinearLayouot or RelativeLayout   and cast the result of getLayoutParams   to the specific LayoutParams you want   ViewGroup LayoutParams does not even have setMargins   method    The function below should do the trick  However make sure you substitute RelativeLayout to the type of the parent view   private void setMargin int marginInPx        RelativeLayout LayoutParams lp    RelativeLayout LayoutParams  getLayoutParams        lp setMargins marginInPx marginInPx  marginInPx  marginInPx       setLayoutParams lp

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int sizeInDP   16   int marginInDp    int  TypedValue applyDimension              TypedValue COMPLEX UNIT DIP  sizeInDP  getResources                        getDisplayMetrics       Then  layoutParams   myView getLayoutParams   layoutParams setMargins marginInDp  marginInDp  marginInDp  marginInDp   myView setLayoutParams layoutParams     Or  LayoutParams layoutParams   new LayoutParams    layoutParams setMargins marginInDp  marginInDp  marginInDp  marginInDp   myView setLayoutParams layoutParams

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When you are in a custom View  you can use getDimensionPixelSize R dimen dimen value   in my case  I added the margin in LayoutParams created on init method   In Kotlin  init       LayoutInflater from context  inflate R layout my layout  this  true      layoutParams   LayoutParams MATCH PARENT  WRAP CONTENT  apply       val margin   resources getDimensionPixelSize R dimen dimen value      setMargins 0  margin  0  margin      in Java   public class CustomView extends LinearLayout            other constructors      public CustomView Context context   Nullable AttributeSet attrs  int defStyleAttr            super context  attrs  defStyleAttr           init               private void init             LayoutParams params   new LayoutParams LayoutParams MATCH PARENT  LayoutParams WRAP CONTENT           int margin   getResources   getDimensionPixelSize R dimen spacing dime           params setMargins 0  margin  0  margin           setLayoutParams params

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As today  the best is probably to use Paris  a library provided by AirBnB    Styles can then be applied like this   Paris style myView  apply R style MyStyle     it also support custom view  if you extend a view  using annotations    Styleable and  Style

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Simple Kotlin Extension Solutions Set all any side independently  fun View setMargin left  Int    null  top  Int    null  right  Int    null  bottom  Int    null        val params    layoutParams as  MarginLayoutParams      params  setMargins              left    params leftMargin              top    params topMargin              right    params rightMargin              bottom    params bottomMargin      layoutParams   params    myView setMargin 10  5  10  5     or just any subset myView setMargin right   10  bottom   5   Directly refer to a resource values  fun View setMarginRes  DimenRes left  Int    null   DimenRes top  Int    null   DimenRes right  Int    null   DimenRes bottom  Int    null        setMargin              if  left    null  null else resources getDimensionPixelSize left               if  top    null  null else resources getDimensionPixelSize top               if  right    null  null else resources getDimensionPixelSize right               if  bottom    null  null else resources getDimensionPixelSize bottom            myView setMarginRes top   R dimen my margin res   To directly set all sides equally as a property  var View margin  Int     get     throw UnsupportedOperationException  quot No getter for property quot       set  Px margin    setMargin margin  margin  margin  margin      myView margin   10    px     or as res var View marginRes  Int     get     throw UnsupportedOperationException  quot No getter for property quot       set  DimenRes marginRes            margin   resources getDimensionPixelSize marginRes         myView marginRes   R dimen my margin res  To directly set a specific side  you can create a property extension like this  var View leftMargin     get     marginLeft     set  Px leftMargin    setMargin left   leftMargin   var View leftMarginRes  Int     get     throw UnsupportedOperationException  quot No getter for property quot       set  DimenRes leftMarginRes            leftMargin   resources getDimensionPixelSize leftMarginRes         This allows you to make horizontal or vertical variants as well  var View horizontalMargin     get     throw UnsupportedOperationException  quot No getter for property quot       set  Px horizontalMargin    setMargin left   horizontalMargin  right   horizontalMargin   var View horizontalMarginRes  Int     get     throw UnsupportedOperationException  quot No getter for property quot       set  DimenRes horizontalMarginRes            horizontalMargin   resources getDimensionPixelSize horizontalMarginRes          NOTE  If margin is failing to set  you may too soon before render  meaning params    null  Try wrapping the modification with myView post  margin   10

[android] In Android, how do I set margins in dp programmatically?

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