Android Pair devices via bluetooth programmatically

Question

I want to discover bluetooth devices in range  list and pair to them on click  I used following code but its just closing application when I click on device name which I want to pair   I want to know mistake in my code or any other way to do what i need   package com marakana       import java util Set       import android app Activity      import android bluetooth BluetoothAdapter      import android bluetooth BluetoothDevice      import android content BroadcastReceiver      import android content Context      import android content Intent      import android content IntentFilter      import android os Bundle      import android util Log      import android view View      import android view Window      import android view View OnClickListener      import android widget AdapterView      import android widget ArrayAdapter      import android widget Button      import android widget ListView      import android widget TextView      import android widget AdapterView OnItemClickListener        public class BluetoothDemo extends Activity          Debugging     private static final String TAG    DeviceListActivity       private static final boolean D   true          Return Intent extra     public static String EXTRA DEVICE ADDRESS    device address           Member fields     private BluetoothAdapter mBtAdapter      private ArrayAdapter lt String gt  mPairedDevicesArrayAdapter      private ArrayAdapter lt String gt  mNewDevicesArrayAdapter        Override     protected void onCreate Bundle savedInstanceState            super onCreate savedInstanceState               Setup the window         requestWindowFeature Window FEATURE INDETERMINATE PROGRESS           setContentView R layout device list               Set result CANCELED incase the user backs out         setResult Activity RESULT CANCELED               Initialize the button to perform device discovery         Button scanButton    Button  findViewById R id button scan           scanButton setOnClickListener new OnClickListener                 public void onClick View v                    doDiscovery                    v setVisibility View GONE                                         Initialize array adapters  One for already paired devices and            one for newly discovered devices         mPairedDevicesArrayAdapter   new ArrayAdapter lt String gt  this  R layout device name           mNewDevicesArrayAdapter   new ArrayAdapter lt String gt  this  R layout device name               Find and set up the ListView for paired devices         ListView pairedListView    ListView  findViewById R id paired devices           pairedListView setAdapter mPairedDevicesArrayAdapter           pairedListView setOnItemClickListener mDeviceClickListener               Find and set up the ListView for newly discovered devices         ListView newDevicesListView    ListView  findViewById R id new devices           newDevicesListView setAdapter mNewDevicesArrayAdapter           newDevicesListView setOnItemClickListener mDeviceClickListener               Register for broadcasts when a device is discovered         IntentFilter filter   new IntentFilter BluetoothDevice ACTION FOUND           this registerReceiver mReceiver  filter               Register for broadcasts when discovery has finished         filter   new IntentFilter BluetoothAdapter ACTION DISCOVERY FINISHED           this registerReceiver mReceiver  filter               Get the local Bluetooth adapter         mBtAdapter   BluetoothAdapter getDefaultAdapter                Get a set of currently paired devices         Set lt BluetoothDevice gt  pairedDevices   mBtAdapter getBondedDevices                If there are paired devices  add each one to the ArrayAdapter         if  pairedDevices size    gt  0                findViewById R id title paired devices  setVisibility View VISIBLE               for  BluetoothDevice device   pairedDevices                    mPairedDevicesArrayAdapter add device getName       n    device getAddress                             else               String noDevices   getResources   getText R string none paired  toString                mPairedDevicesArrayAdapter add noDevices                         Override     protected void onDestroy             super onDestroy                Make sure we re not doing discovery anymore         if  mBtAdapter    null                mBtAdapter cancelDiscovery                          Unregister broadcast listeners         this unregisterReceiver mReceiver                         Start device discover with the BluetoothAdapter             private void doDiscovery             if  D  Log d TAG   doDiscovery                  Indicate scanning in the title         setProgressBarIndeterminateVisibility true           setTitle R string scanning               Turn on sub-title for new devices         findViewById R id title new devices  setVisibility View VISIBLE               If we re already discovering  stop it         if  mBtAdapter isDiscovering                  mBtAdapter cancelDiscovery                          Request discover from BluetoothAdapter         mBtAdapter startDiscovery                  The on-click listener for all devices in the ListViews     private OnItemClickListener mDeviceClickListener   new OnItemClickListener             public void onItemClick AdapterView lt   gt  av  View v  int arg2  long arg3                   Cancel discovery because it s costly and we re about to connect             mBtAdapter cancelDiscovery                    Get the device MAC address  which is the last 17 chars in the View             String info     TextView  v  getText   toString                String address   info substring info length   - 17                   Create the result Intent and include the MAC address             Intent intent   new Intent                intent putExtra EXTRA DEVICE ADDRESS  address                   Set result and finish this Activity             setResult Activity RESULT OK  intent               finish                             The BroadcastReceiver that listens for discovered devices and        changes the title when discovery is finished     private final BroadcastReceiver mReceiver   new BroadcastReceiver              Override         public void onReceive Context context  Intent intent                String action   intent getAction                    When discovery finds a device             if  BluetoothDevice ACTION FOUND equals action                        Get the BluetoothDevice object from the Intent                 BluetoothDevice device   intent getParcelableExtra BluetoothDevice EXTRA DEVICE                      If it s already paired  skip it  because it s been listed already                 if  device getBondState      BluetoothDevice BOND BONDED                        mNewDevicesArrayAdapter add device getName       n    device getAddress                                      When discovery is finished  change the Activity title               else if  BluetoothAdapter ACTION DISCOVERY FINISHED equals action                     setProgressBarIndeterminateVisibility false                   setTitle R string select device                   if  mNewDevicesArrayAdapter getCount      0                        String noDevices   getResources   getText R string none found  toString                        mNewDevicesArrayAdapter add noDevices

User · Answer

Edit  I have just explained logic to pair here  If anybody want to go with the complete code then see my another answer  I have answered here for logic only but I was not able to explain properly  So I have added another answer in the same thread   Try this to do pairing   If you are able to search the devices then this would be your next step  ArrayList lt BluetoothDevice gt  arrayListBluetoothDevices   NEW ArrayList lt BluetoothDevice gt     I am assuming that you have the list of Bluetooth devices added in the arrayListBluetoothDevices   BluetoothDevice bdDevice  bdDevice   arrayListBluetoothDevices get PASS THE POSITION TO GET THE BLUETOOTH DEVICE    Boolean isBonded   false  try   isBonded   createBond bdDevice   if isBonded        Log i  Log   Paired        catch  Exception e         e printStackTrace         The createBond   method   public boolean createBond BluetoothDevice btDevice        throws Exception                  Class class1   Class forName  android bluetooth BluetoothDevice            Method createBondMethod   class1 getMethod  createBond              Boolean returnValue    Boolean  createBondMethod invoke btDevice             return returnValue booleanValue                Add this line into your Receiver in the ACTION FOUND  if  device getBondState      BluetoothDevice BOND BONDED                        mNewDevicesArrayAdapter add device getName       n    device getAddress                         arrayListBluetoothDevices add device

User · Answer

In my first answer the logic is shown for those who want to go with the logic only   I think I was not able to make clear to  chalukya3545  that s why I am adding the whole code to let him know the exact flow of the code   BluetoothDemo java  public class BluetoothDemo extends Activity        ListView listViewPaired      ListView listViewDetected      ArrayList lt String gt  arrayListpaired      Button buttonSearch buttonOn buttonDesc buttonOff      ArrayAdapter lt String gt  adapter detectedAdapter      static HandleSeacrh handleSeacrh      BluetoothDevice bdDevice      BluetoothClass bdClass      ArrayList lt BluetoothDevice gt  arrayListPairedBluetoothDevices      private ButtonClicked clicked      ListItemClickedonPaired listItemClickedonPaired      BluetoothAdapter bluetoothAdapter   null      ArrayList lt BluetoothDevice gt  arrayListBluetoothDevices   null      ListItemClicked listItemClicked        Override      public void onCreate Bundle savedInstanceState            super onCreate savedInstanceState           setContentView R layout main           listViewDetected    ListView  findViewById R id listViewDetected           listViewPaired    ListView  findViewById R id listViewPaired           buttonSearch    Button  findViewById R id buttonSearch           buttonOn    Button  findViewById R id buttonOn           buttonDesc    Button  findViewById R id buttonDesc           buttonOff    Button  findViewById R id buttonOff            arrayListpaired   new ArrayList lt String gt             bluetoothAdapter   BluetoothAdapter getDefaultAdapter            clicked   new ButtonClicked            handleSeacrh   new HandleSeacrh            arrayListPairedBluetoothDevices   new ArrayList lt BluetoothDevice gt                           the above declaration is just for getting the paired bluetooth devices             this helps in the removing the bond between paired devices                      listItemClickedonPaired   new ListItemClickedonPaired            arrayListBluetoothDevices   new ArrayList lt BluetoothDevice gt             adapter  new ArrayAdapter lt String gt  BluetoothDemo this  android R layout simple list item 1  arrayListpaired           detectedAdapter   new ArrayAdapter lt String gt  BluetoothDemo this  android R layout simple list item single choice           listViewDetected setAdapter detectedAdapter           listItemClicked   new ListItemClicked            detectedAdapter notifyDataSetChanged            listViewPaired setAdapter adapter               Override     protected void onStart                TODO Auto-generated method stub         super onStart            getPairedDevices            buttonOn setOnClickListener clicked           buttonSearch setOnClickListener clicked           buttonDesc setOnClickListener clicked           buttonOff setOnClickListener clicked           listViewDetected setOnItemClickListener listItemClicked           listViewPaired setOnItemClickListener listItemClickedonPaired             private void getPairedDevices             Set lt BluetoothDevice gt  pairedDevice   bluetoothAdapter getBondedDevices                        if pairedDevice size   gt 0                        for BluetoothDevice device   pairedDevice                                arrayListpaired add device getName     n  device getAddress                     arrayListPairedBluetoothDevices add device                                   adapter notifyDataSetChanged              class ListItemClicked implements OnItemClickListener                Override         public void onItemClick AdapterView lt   gt  parent  View view  int position  long id                   TODO Auto-generated method stub             bdDevice   arrayListBluetoothDevices get position                 bdClass   arrayListBluetoothDevices get position               Log i  Log    The dvice     bdDevice toString                                   here below we can do pairing without calling the callthread    we can directly call the                connect    but for the safer side we must usethe threading object                                callThread                  connect bdDevice               Boolean isBonded   false              try                   isBonded   createBond bdDevice                   if isBonded                                          arrayListpaired add bdDevice getName     n  bdDevice getAddress                           adapter notifyDataSetChanged                        getPairedDevices                        adapter notifyDataSetChanged                                    catch  Exception e                    e printStackTrace                    connect bdDevice               Log i  Log    The bond is created    isBonded                              class ListItemClickedonPaired implements OnItemClickListener                Override         public void onItemClick AdapterView lt   gt  parent  View view  int position long id                bdDevice   arrayListPairedBluetoothDevices get position               try                   Boolean removeBonding   removeBond bdDevice                   if removeBonding                                        arrayListpaired remove position                       adapter notifyDataSetChanged                                        Log i  Log    Removed  removeBonding                 catch  Exception e                       TODO Auto-generated catch block                 e printStackTrace                                        private void callThread             new Thread                public void run                     Boolean isBonded   false                  try                       isBonded   createBond bdDevice                       if isBonded                                                arrayListpaired add bdDevice getName     n  bdDevice getAddress                             adapter notifyDataSetChanged                                            catch  Exception e                           TODO Auto-generated catch block                     e printStackTrace                        connect bdDevice                   Log i  Log    The bond is created    isBonded                                      start                private Boolean connect BluetoothDevice bdDevice             Boolean bool   false          try               Log i  Log    service method is called                 Class cl   Class forName  android bluetooth BluetoothDevice                Class   par                   Method method   cl getMethod  createBond   par               Object   args                   bool    Boolean  method invoke bdDevice      args     this invoke creates the detected devices paired                Log i  Log    This is    bool booleanValue                   Log i  Log    devicesss    bdDevice getName               catch  Exception e                Log i  Log    Inside catch of serviceFromDevice Method                e printStackTrace                      return bool booleanValue                 public boolean removeBond BluetoothDevice btDevice        throws Exception                   Class btClass   Class forName  android bluetooth BluetoothDevice            Method removeBondMethod   btClass getMethod  removeBond              Boolean returnValue    Boolean  removeBondMethod invoke btDevice             return returnValue booleanValue                  public boolean createBond BluetoothDevice btDevice        throws Exception                  Class class1   Class forName  android bluetooth BluetoothDevice            Method createBondMethod   class1 getMethod  createBond              Boolean returnValue    Boolean  createBondMethod invoke btDevice             return returnValue booleanValue                    class ButtonClicked implements OnClickListener                Override         public void onClick View view                switch  view getId                  case R id buttonOn                  onBluetooth                    break              case R id buttonSearch                  arrayListBluetoothDevices clear                    startSearching                    break              case R id buttonDesc                  makeDiscoverable                    break              case R id buttonOff                  offBluetooth                    break              default                  break                                    private BroadcastReceiver myReceiver   new BroadcastReceiver              Override         public void onReceive Context context  Intent intent                Message msg   Message obtain                String action   intent getAction                if BluetoothDevice ACTION FOUND equals action                    Toast makeText context   ACTION FOUND   Toast LENGTH SHORT  show                     BluetoothDevice device   intent getParcelableExtra BluetoothDevice EXTRA DEVICE                   try                                         device getClass   getMethod  setPairingConfirmation   boolean class  invoke device  true                         device getClass   getMethod  cancelPairingUserInput   boolean class  invoke device                                     catch  Exception e                        Log i  Log    Inside the exception                          e printStackTrace                                       if arrayListBluetoothDevices size   lt 1     this checks if the size of bluetooth device is 0 then add the                                                                device to the arraylist                      detectedAdapter add device getName     n  device getAddress                         arrayListBluetoothDevices add device                       detectedAdapter notifyDataSetChanged                                      else                                       boolean flag   true        flag to indicate that particular device is already in the arlist or not                     for int i   0  i lt arrayListBluetoothDevices size   i                                                  if device getAddress   equals arrayListBluetoothDevices get i  getAddress                                                           flag   false                                                                      if flag    true                                                detectedAdapter add device getName     n  device getAddress                             arrayListBluetoothDevices add device                           detectedAdapter notifyDataSetChanged                                                                                          private void startSearching             Log i  Log    in the start searching method            IntentFilter intentFilter   new IntentFilter BluetoothDevice ACTION FOUND           BluetoothDemo this registerReceiver myReceiver  intentFilter           bluetoothAdapter startDiscovery              private void onBluetooth             if  bluetoothAdapter isEnabled                          bluetoothAdapter enable                Log i  Log    Bluetooth is Enabled                        private void offBluetooth             if bluetoothAdapter isEnabled                          bluetoothAdapter disable                        private void makeDiscoverable             Intent discoverableIntent   new Intent BluetoothAdapter ACTION REQUEST DISCOVERABLE           discoverableIntent putExtra BluetoothAdapter EXTRA DISCOVERABLE DURATION  300           startActivity discoverableIntent           Log i  Log    Discoverable               class HandleSeacrh extends Handler                Override         public void handleMessage Message msg                switch  msg what                case 111                   break               default                  break                                    Here is the main xml   lt  xml version  1 0  encoding  utf-8   gt   lt LinearLayout xmlns android  http   schemas android com apk res android      android layout width  fill parent      android layout height  fill parent      android orientation  vertical   gt        lt Button          android id    id buttonOn          android layout width  match parent          android layout height  wrap content          android text  On   gt       lt Button          android id    id buttonDesc          android layout width  fill parent          android layout height  wrap content          android text  Make Discoverable   gt      lt Button         android id    id buttonSearch         android layout width  match parent         android layout height  wrap content         android text  Search   gt      lt Button         android id    id buttonOff         android layout width  match parent         android layout height  wrap content         android text  Bluetooth Off   gt       lt ListView         android id    id listViewPaired         android layout width  match parent         android layout height  120dp  gt       lt  ListView gt       lt ListView         android id    id listViewDetected         android layout width  match parent         android layout height  match parent  gt       lt  ListView gt   lt  LinearLayout gt    Add this permissions to your AndroidManifest xml file     lt uses-permission android name  android permission BLUETOOTH ADMIN    gt    lt uses-permission android name  android permission BLUETOOTH    gt      lt uses-permission android name  android permission ACCESS COARSE LOCATION    gt    The output for this code will look like this

User · Answer

The Best way is do not use any pairing code  Instead of onClick go to other function or other class where You create the socket using UUID  Android automatically pops up for pairing if already not paired   or see this link for better understanding  Below is code for the same   private OnItemClickListener mDeviceClickListener   new OnItemClickListener         public void onItemClick AdapterView lt   gt  av  View v  int arg2  long arg3               Cancel discovery because it s costly and we re about to connect         mBtAdapter cancelDiscovery                Get the device MAC address  which is the last 17 chars in the View         String info     TextView  v  getText   toString            String address   info substring info length   - 17               Create the result Intent and include the MAC address         Intent intent   new Intent            intent putExtra EXTRA DEVICE ADDRESS  address               Set result and finish this Activity         setResult Activity RESULT OK  intent               add this 2 line code           Intent myIntent   new Intent view getContext    Connect class           startActivityForResult myIntent  0            finish               Connect java file is    public class Connect extends Activity   private static final String TAG    zeoconnect   private ByteBuffer localByteBuffer   private InputStream in   byte   arrayOfByte   new byte 4096    int bytes      public BluetoothDevice mDevice      Override public void onCreate Bundle savedInstanceState        super onCreate savedInstanceState       setContentView R layout connect                    try                   setup                  catch  ZeoMessageException e                       TODO Auto-generated catch block                 e printStackTrace                  catch  ZeoMessageParseException e                       TODO Auto-generated catch block                 e printStackTrace                                  private void setup   throws ZeoMessageException  ZeoMessageParseException           TODO Auto-generated method stub          getApplicationContext   registerReceiver receiver                      new IntentFilter BluetoothDevice ACTION ACL CONNECTED            getApplicationContext   registerReceiver receiver                      new IntentFilter BluetoothDevice ACTION ACL DISCONNECTED                 BluetoothDevice zee   BluetoothAdapter getDefaultAdapter                        getRemoteDevice                         add device mac adress              try                   sock   zee createRfcommSocketToServiceRecord                           UUID fromString                             use unique UUID               catch  IOException e1                       TODO Auto-generated catch block                 e1 printStackTrace                               Log d TAG        Connecting                try                   sock connect                  catch  IOException e1                       TODO Auto-generated catch block                 e1 printStackTrace                              Log d TAG        Connected                  try                   in   sock getInputStream                  catch  IOException e1                       TODO Auto-generated catch block                 e1 printStackTrace                                 Log d TAG        Listening                      while  true                       try                         bytes   in read arrayOfByte                         Log d TAG        Read    bytes    bytes                            catch  IOException e1                               TODO Auto-generated catch block                         e1 printStackTrace                                              Log d TAG        Done  test                                         private static final LogBroadcastReceiver receiver   new LogBroadcastReceiver        public static class LogBroadcastReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver             Override         public void onReceive Context paramAnonymousContext  Intent paramAnonymousIntent                Log d  ZeoReceiver   paramAnonymousIntent toString                 Bundle extras   paramAnonymousIntent getExtras                for  String k   extras keySet                      Log d  ZeoReceiver        Extra     extras get k  toString                                           private BluetoothSocket sock       Override     public void onDestroy             getApplicationContext   unregisterReceiver receiver           if  sock    null                try                   sock close                  catch  IOException e                    e printStackTrace                                    super onDestroy

User · Answer

if you have the BluetoothDevice object you can create bond pair  from api 19 onwards with bluetoothDevice createBond   method   Edit   for callback  if the request was accepted or denied you will have to create a BroadcastReceiver with BluetoothDevice ACTION BOND STATE CHANGED action

[android] Android + Pair devices via bluetooth programmatically

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