Coming across this question,
no answer brought up the possibility of using .setAttribute()
in addition to .value()
document.getElementById('some-input').value="1337";
document.getElementById('some-input').setAttribute("value", "1337");
Though unlikely helpful for the original questioner,
this addendum actually changes the content of the value in the pages source,
which in turn makes the value update form.reset()
-proof.
I hope this may help others.
(Or me in half a year when I've forgotten about js quirks...)