How to open a new tab using Selenium WebDriver

Question

How can I open a new tab in the existing Firefox browser using Selenium WebDriver  a k a  Selenium 2

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How can we open a new  but more importantly  how do we do stuff in that new tab  Webdriver doesn t add a new WindowHandle for each tab  and only has control of the first tab  So  after selecting a new tab  Control   Tab Number  set  DefaultContent   on the driver to define the visible tab as the one you re going to do work on  Visual Basic Dim driver   New WebDriver  quot Firefox quot   BaseUrl     Open new tab - send Control T Dim body As IWebElement   driver FindElement By TagName  quot body quot    body SendKeys Keys Control    quot t quot      Go to a URL in that tab driver GoToUrl  quot YourURL quot       Assuming you have m tabs open  go to tab n by sending Control   n body SendKeys Keys Control   n ToString       Now set the visible tab as the drivers default content  driver SwitchTo   DefaultContent

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If you want to open the new tab you can use this    JavascriptExecutor  getDriver    executeScript  quot window open   quot     If you want to open the link from the new tab you can use this With JavascriptExecutor   public void openFromNewTab WebElement element                 JavascriptExecutor getDriver    executeScript  quot window open   quot  element getAttribute  quot href quot    quot     blank    quot               With Actions   WebElement element   driver findElement By xpath  quot your xpath quot      Actions actions   new Actions driver           actions keyDown Keys LEFT CONTROL                   click element                   keyUp Keys LEFT CONTROL                   build                    perform

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To open a new tab in the existing Chrome browser using Selenium WebDriver you can use this code   driver FindElement By CssSelector  body    SendKeys Keys Control    t            string newTabInstance   driver WindowHandles driver WindowHandles Count-1  ToString    driver SwitchTo   Window newTabInstance   driver Navigate   GoToUrl url

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You can use the following code using Java with Selenium WebDriver  driver findElement By cssSelector  quot body quot    sendKeys Keys CONTROL    quot t quot     By using JavaScript  WebDriver driver   new FirefoxDriver       Firefox or any other Driver JavascriptExecutor jse    JavascriptExecutor driver  jse executeScript  quot window open   quot     After opening a new tab it needs to switch to that tab  ArrayList lt String gt  tabs   new ArrayList lt String gt  driver getWindowHandles     driver switchTo   window tabs get 1

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Just for anyone else who s looking for an answer in Ruby  Python  and C  bindings  Selenium 2 33 0   Note that the actual keys to send depend on your OS  For example  Mac uses CMD   T  instead of Ctrl   T  Ruby require  selenium-webdriver   driver   Selenium  WebDriver for  firefox driver get  http   stackoverflow com     body   driver find element  tag name   gt   body   body send keys  control   t    driver quit  Python from selenium import webdriver from selenium webdriver common keys import Keys  driver   webdriver Firefox   driver get  quot http   stackoverflow com  quot    body   driver find element by tag name  quot body quot   body send keys Keys CONTROL    t    driver close    C  using OpenQA Selenium  using OpenQA Selenium Firefox   namespace StackOverflowTests        class OpenNewTab            static void Main string   args                 IWebDriver driver   new FirefoxDriver                driver Navigate   GoToUrl  quot http   stackoverflow com  quot                 IWebElement body   driver FindElement By TagName  quot body quot                 body SendKeys Keys Control    t                 driver Quit

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Do this  driver ExecuteScript  quot window open  your URL     blank    quot

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Java I recommend using JavascriptExecutor   Open new blank window     JavascriptExecutor  driver  executeScript  quot window open   quot      Open new window with specific URL     JavascriptExecutor  driver  executeScript  quot window open  https   google com   quot     Following import  import org openqa selenium JavascriptExecutor

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driver findElement By cssSelector  body    sendKeys Keys CONTROL   t     ArrayList lt String gt  tabs   new ArrayList lt String gt   driver getWindowHandles      driver switchTo   window tabs get 0

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This line of code will open a new browser tab using Selenium WebDriver    JavascriptExecutor getDriver    executeScript  quot window open   quot

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To open a new window in Chrome Driver     The script that will will open a new blank window    If you want to open a link new tab  replace  about blank  with a link String a    quot window open  about blank    blank    quot     JavascriptExecutor driver  executeScript a    For switching between tabs  read here

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Actions at new Actions wd    at moveToElement we    at contextClick we  sendKeys Keys ARROW DOWN  sendKeys Keys ENTER  build   perform

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This code is working for me  Selenium 3 8 1  chromedriver 2 34 522940  and Chrome 63 0   public void openNewTabInChrome          driver get  quot http   www google com quot         WebElement element   driver findElement By linkText  quot Gmail quot         Actions actionOpenLinkInNewTab   new Actions driver       actionOpenLinkInNewTab moveToElement element               keyDown Keys CONTROL     MacOS  Keys COMMAND              keyDown Keys SHIFT  click element               keyUp Keys CONTROL  keyUp Keys SHIFT  perform          ArrayList lt String gt  tabs   new ArrayList driver getWindowHandles         driver switchTo   window tabs get 1        driver get  quot http   www yahoo com quot          driver close

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To open new tab using JavascriptExecutor    JavascriptExecutor  driver  executeScript  quot window open   quot    ArrayList lt String gt  tabs   new ArrayList lt String gt  driver getWindowHandles     driver switchTo   window tabs get 1     Will control on tab as according to index  driver switchTo   window tabs get 1     Driver control on main tab  driver switchTo   window tabs get 0

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The same example for Node js  var webdriver   require  selenium-webdriver        driver   new webdriver Builder                        withCapabilities capabilities                       build        driver findElement webdriver By tagName  quot body quot    sendKeys webdriver Key COMMAND    quot t quot

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I had trouble opening a new tab in Google Chrome for a while  Even driver findElement By cssSelector  quot body quot    sendKeys Keys CONTROL    quot t quot    didn t work for me  I found out that it s not enough that Selenium has focus on driver  Windows also has to have the window in the front  My solution was to invoke an alert in Chrome that would bring the window to front and then execute the command  Sample code    JavascriptExecutor driver  executeScript  quot alert  Test   quot    driver switchTo   alert   accept    driver findElement By cssSelector  quot body quot    sendKeys Keys CONTROL    quot t quot

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Try this for the Firefox browser      Open new tab in browser    public void openNewTab         driver findElement By cssSelector  quot body quot    sendKeys Keys CONTROL   quot t quot        ArrayList lt String gt  tabs   new ArrayList lt String gt   driver getWindowHandles         driver switchTo   window tabs get 0

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Selenium doesn t support opening new tabs  It only supports opening new windows  For all intents and purposes a new window is functionally equivalent to a new tab anyway  There are various hacks to work around the issue  but they are going to cause you other problems in the long run

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To open a new tab in the existing Firefox browser using Selenium WebDriver  FirefoxDriver driver   new FirefoxDriver    driver findElement By tagName  body    sendKeys Keys CONTROL  t

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How to open a new tab using Selenium WebDriver with Java for Chrome  ChromeOptions options   new ChromeOptions    options addArguments  quot --disable-extensions quot    driver   new ChromeDriver options   driver manage   window   maximize    driver navigate   to  quot https   google com quot    Robot robot   new Robot    robot keyPress KeyEvent VK CONTROL   robot keyPress KeyEvent VK T   robot keyRelease KeyEvent VK CONTROL   robot keyRelease KeyEvent VK T    The above code will disable first extensions and using the robot class  a new tab will open

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The below code will open the link in a new window  String selectAll   Keys chord Keys SHIFT  Keys RETURN   driver findElement By linkText  quot linkname quot    sendKeys selectAll

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I am using Selenium 2 52 0 in Java and Firefox 44 0 2  Unfortunately none of the previous solutions worked for me  The problem is if I a call driver getWindowHandles   I always get one single handle  Somehow this makes sense to me as Firefox is a single process and each tab is not a separate process  But maybe I am wrong  Anyhow  I try to write my own solution     Open a new tab driver findElement By cssSelector  quot body quot    sendKeys Keys CONTROL    quot t quot        URL to open in a new tab String urlToOpen    quot https   url to open in a new tab quot    Iterator lt String gt  windowIterator   driver getWindowHandles            iterator       I always get handlesSize    1  regardless how many tabs I have int handlesSize   driver getWindowHandles   size        I had to grab the original handle String originalHandle   driver getWindowHandle     driver navigate   to urlToOpen    Actions action   new Actions driver      Close the newly opened tab action keyDown Keys CONTROL  sendKeys  quot w quot   perform       Switch back to original action keyDown Keys CONTROL  sendKeys  quot 1 quot   perform        And switch back to the original handle  I am not sure why  but    it just did not work without this  like it has lost the focus driver switchTo   window originalHandle    I used the Ctrl   T combination to open a new tab  Ctrl   W to close it  and to switch back to original tab I used Ctrl   1  the first tab   I am aware that mine solution is not perfect or even good and I would also like to switch with driver s switchTo call  but as I wrote it was not possible as I had only one handle  Maybe this will be helpful to someone with the same situation

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Almost all answers here are out of date   Ruby examples  WebDriver now has support for opening tabs  browser   Selenium  WebDriver for  chrome new tab   browser manage new window  Will open a new tab  Opening a window has actually become the non-standard case  browser manage new window  window   The tab or window will not automatically be focussed  To switch to it  browser switch to window new tab

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Check this complete example to understand how to open multiple tabs and switch between the tabs and at the end close all tabs  public class Tabs        WebDriver driver       Robot rb        BeforeTest     public void setup   throws Exception           System setProperty  quot webdriver chrome driver quot    quot C   Users  Anuja AnujaPC  Downloads  chromedriver win32  chromedriver exe quot            WebDriver driver new ChromeDriver            driver manage   window   maximize            driver manage   timeouts   implicitlyWait 5  TimeUnit SECONDS           driver get  quot http   qaautomated com quot                Test     public void openTab                Open tab 2 using CTRL   T keys          driver findElement By cssSelector  quot body quot    sendKeys Keys CONTROL   quot t quot                Open URL In 2nd tab          driver get  quot http   www qaautomated com p contact html quot                Call switchToTab   method to switch to the first tab         switchToTab                Call switchToTab   method to switch to the second tab          switchToTab               public void switchToTab                Switching between tabs using CTRL   tab keys          driver findElement By cssSelector  quot body quot    sendKeys Keys CONTROL   quot  t quot                Switch to current selected tab s content          driver switchTo   defaultContent                AfterTest     public void closeTabs   throws AWTException              Used Robot class to perform ALT   SPACE    c  keypress event          rb   new Robot            rb keyPress KeyEvent VK ALT           rb keyPress KeyEvent VK SPACE           rb keyPress KeyEvent VK C             This example is given by this web page

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The code below will open the link in a new tab  String selectLinkOpeninNewTab   Keys chord Keys CONTROL Keys RETURN   driver findElement By linkText  quot urlLink quot    sendKeys selectLinkOpeninNewTab    The code below will open an empty new tab  String selectLinkOpeninNewTab   Keys chord Keys CONTROL  quot t quot    driver findElement By linkText  quot urlLink quot    sendKeys selectLinkOpeninNewTab

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Question  How can I open a new tab using Selenium WebDriver with Java  Answer  After a click on any link  open a new tab  If we want to handle a newly open tab then we have need to handle tab using the  switchTo   window   command  Switch to a particular tab  and then perform an operation and switch back to into the parent tab  package test   import java util ArrayList  import org openqa selenium By  import org openqa selenium WebDriver  import org openqa selenium firefox FirefoxDriver   public class Tab Handle        public static void main String   args             System setProperty  quot webdriver gecko driver quot    quot geckodriver path quot             WebDriver driver   new FirefoxDriver             driver get  quot http   www google com quot                Store all currently open tabs in Available tabs         ArrayList lt String gt  Available tabs   new ArrayList lt String gt  driver getWindowHandles                 Click on link to open in new tab         driver findElement By id  quot Url Link quot    click                Switch newly open Tab         driver switchTo   window Available tabs get 1                Perform some operation on Newly open tab            Close newly open tab after performing some operations          driver close                Switch to old Parent  tab          driver switchTo   window Available tabs get 0

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Due to a bug in https   bugs chromium org p chromedriver issues detail id 1465 even though webdriver switchTo actually does switch tabs  the focus is left on the first tab  You can confirm this by doing a driver get after the switchWindow and see that the second tab actually go to the new URL and not the original tab  A workaround for now is what yardening2 suggested  Use JavaScript code to open an alert and then use webdriver to accept it

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Handling a browser window using Selenium WebDriver  String winHandleBefore   driver getWindowHandle     for String winHandle   driver getWindowHandles        Switch to new opened window       driver switchTo   window winHandle      driver switchTo   window winHandleBefore        Move to previously opened window

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To open a new tab in an existing window driver findElement By cssSelector  quot body quot    sendKeys Keys CONTROL     quot t quot

[selenium] How to open a new tab using Selenium WebDriver

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